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Treaty of Karlowitz
 
 
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The Treaty (Peace) of Karlowitz (Karlovci) was signed on January 26, 1699 in Sremski Karlovci
Sremski Karlovci

Sremski Karlovci is a town and municipality in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia, situated on the bank of the river Danube, 8 km from Novi Sad....
 (Serbian Cyrillic: ??????? ????????, Croatian
Croatian language

Croatian language is a South Slavic languages which is used primarily in Croatia, by Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in neighbouring countries where Croats are Indigenous peoples, in Italian region of Molise, and parts of the Croats diaspora....
: Srijemski Karlovci, German
German language

German is a West Germanic languages, thus related to and classified alongside English language and Dutch language. It is one of the world's world language and the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union....
: Karlowitz, Turkish
Turkish language

Turkish is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Cyprus, with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania and other parts of Eastern Europe....
: Karlofça, Hungarian
Hungarian language

Hungarian is a Uralic languages unrelated to most other languages in Europe. It is mainly spoken in Hungary and by the Hungarian minorities in the seven neighbouring countries....
: Karlóca), a town in modern-day Serbia
Serbia

Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country in Central Europe and Balkans Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkans....
, concluding the Austro-Ottoman War
Great Turkish War

The Great Turkish War refers to a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and contemporary European powers, then joined into a Holy League, during the second half of the 17th century....
 of 1683–1697 in which the Ottoman side had finally been defeated at the Battle of Zenta
Battle of Zenta

The Battle of Zenta or Battle of Senta, fought on 11 September 1697 just south of the modern Serbian town of Senta , on the east side of the Tisza river, was a major engagement in the Great Turkish War and one of the most decisive defeats in Ottoman Empire history....
.

Following a two-month congress
Congress

A congress is a formal meeting of representatives from different countries , or independent organizations . The term Congress was chosen for the United States Congress to emphasize the status of each state represented there as a self-governing unit....
 between the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
 on one side and the Holy League of 1684
Holy League (1684)

Holy League of 1684 was initiated in by Pope Innocent XI, and composed of the Holy Roman Empire, the Venetian Republic and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth....
, a coalition of various European powers including the Habsburg Monarchy
Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austria branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918....
, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

The Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth was one of the largest and most populous countries in 16th and 17th-century Europe, formed by a Union of Lublin of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569....
, the Republic of Venice
Republic of Venice

The Most Serene Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice . It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century AD until the year 1797....
 and Peter I of Russia
Peter I of Russia

Peter I the Great or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov ruled Russia and later the Russian Empire from until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his weak and sickly half-brother, Ivan V of Russia....
, a treaty was signed on January 26, 1699.






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The Treaty (Peace) of Karlowitz (Karlovci) was signed on January 26, 1699 in Sremski Karlovci
Sremski Karlovci

Sremski Karlovci is a town and municipality in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia, situated on the bank of the river Danube, 8 km from Novi Sad....
 (Serbian Cyrillic: ??????? ????????, Croatian
Croatian language

Croatian language is a South Slavic languages which is used primarily in Croatia, by Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in neighbouring countries where Croats are Indigenous peoples, in Italian region of Molise, and parts of the Croats diaspora....
: Srijemski Karlovci, German
German language

German is a West Germanic languages, thus related to and classified alongside English language and Dutch language. It is one of the world's world language and the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union....
: Karlowitz, Turkish
Turkish language

Turkish is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Cyprus, with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania and other parts of Eastern Europe....
: Karlofça, Hungarian
Hungarian language

Hungarian is a Uralic languages unrelated to most other languages in Europe. It is mainly spoken in Hungary and by the Hungarian minorities in the seven neighbouring countries....
: Karlóca), a town in modern-day Serbia
Serbia

Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country in Central Europe and Balkans Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkans....
, concluding the Austro-Ottoman War
Great Turkish War

The Great Turkish War refers to a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and contemporary European powers, then joined into a Holy League, during the second half of the 17th century....
 of 1683–1697 in which the Ottoman side had finally been defeated at the Battle of Zenta
Battle of Zenta

The Battle of Zenta or Battle of Senta, fought on 11 September 1697 just south of the modern Serbian town of Senta , on the east side of the Tisza river, was a major engagement in the Great Turkish War and one of the most decisive defeats in Ottoman Empire history....
.

Following a two-month congress
Congress

A congress is a formal meeting of representatives from different countries , or independent organizations . The term Congress was chosen for the United States Congress to emphasize the status of each state represented there as a self-governing unit....
 between the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
 on one side and the Holy League of 1684
Holy League (1684)

Holy League of 1684 was initiated in by Pope Innocent XI, and composed of the Holy Roman Empire, the Venetian Republic and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth....
, a coalition of various European powers including the Habsburg Monarchy
Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austria branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918....
, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

The Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth was one of the largest and most populous countries in 16th and 17th-century Europe, formed by a Union of Lublin of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569....
, the Republic of Venice
Republic of Venice

The Most Serene Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice . It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century AD until the year 1797....
 and Peter I of Russia
Peter I of Russia

Peter I the Great or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov ruled Russia and later the Russian Empire from until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his weak and sickly half-brother, Ivan V of Russia....
, a treaty was signed on January 26, 1699. The Ottomans ceded most of Hungary
Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
, Transylvania
Transylvania

Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountains, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term frequently encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical regions of Crisana, Maramures, and Banat....
 and Slavonia
Slavonia

Slavonia is a geographical and historical region in eastern Croatia. It is a fertile agricultural and forested lowland bounded, in part, by the Drava river in the north, the Sava river in the south, and the Danube river in the east....
 to Austria while Podolia
Podolia

The region of Podolia is a historical region in the west-central and south-west portions of present-day Ukraine, corresponding to Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Vinnytsia Oblast....
 was returned to Poland. Most of Dalmatia
Dalmatia

Dalmatia is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, situated mostly in modern Croatia and spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast....
 passed to Venice, along with the Morea
Morea

Morea was the name of the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece during the Middle Ages and the early modern period. It also referred to a Byzantine province in the region, known as the Despotate of Morea....
 (the Peloponnesus peninsula), which the Ottomans regained in the Treaty of Passarowitz
Treaty of Passarowitz

The Treaty of Passarowitz or Treaty of Po?arevac was the peace treaty signed in Po?arevac , a town in modern Serbia, on July 21, 1718 between the Ottoman Empire on one side and the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria and the Republic of Venice on the other....
 of 1718.

The Treaty of Karlowitz marked the beginning of the Ottoman decline, and made the Habsburg Monarchy
Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austria branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918....
 the dominant power in Central Europe
Central Europe

Central Europe is the region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern Europe and Western Europe Europe. In addition, Northern Europe, Southern Europe and Southeastern Europe may variously delimit or overlap into Central Europe....
.

Sources

  • Bideleux, Robert., Jeffries, Ian., A History of Eastern Europe: Crisis and Change, Routledge, New York, 1998 ISBN 0415161118


External links