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A transient recovery voltage (or TRV) for high-voltage circuit breakers is the voltage
Voltage

Electrical tension is the potential difference between two points of an electrical or electronic circuit, expressed in volts. It is the measurement of the potential for an electric field to cause an electric current in an electrical conductor....
 that appears across the terminals after current interruption. It is a critical parameter for fault
Fault (technology)

In document ISO/CD 10303-226, a fault is defined as an abnormal condition or defect at the component, equipment, or sub-system level which may lead to a failure....
 interruption by a high-voltage circuit breaker, its characteristics (amplitude, rate of rise) can lead either to a successful current interruption or to a failure (called reignition or restrike).

The TRV is dependent on the characteristics of the system connected on both terminals of the circuit-breaker, and on the type of fault that this circuit breaker has to interrupt (single, double or three-phase faults, grounded or ungrounded fault ..).

Characteristics of the system include:



The most severe TRV is applied on the first pole of a circuit-breaker that interrupts current (called the first-pole-to-clear in a three-phase system).






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Encyclopedia


A transient recovery voltage (or TRV) for high-voltage circuit breakers is the voltage
Voltage

Electrical tension is the potential difference between two points of an electrical or electronic circuit, expressed in volts. It is the measurement of the potential for an electric field to cause an electric current in an electrical conductor....
 that appears across the terminals after current interruption. It is a critical parameter for fault
Fault (technology)

In document ISO/CD 10303-226, a fault is defined as an abnormal condition or defect at the component, equipment, or sub-system level which may lead to a failure....
 interruption by a high-voltage circuit breaker, its characteristics (amplitude, rate of rise) can lead either to a successful current interruption or to a failure (called reignition or restrike).

The TRV is dependent on the characteristics of the system connected on both terminals of the circuit-breaker, and on the type of fault that this circuit breaker has to interrupt (single, double or three-phase faults, grounded or ungrounded fault ..).

Characteristics of the system include:

  • type of neutral (effectively grounded, ungrounded, solidly grounded ..)
  • type of load (capacitive, inductive, resistive)
  • type of connection: cable connected, line connected..


The most severe TRV is applied on the first pole of a circuit-breaker that interrupts current (called the first-pole-to-clear in a three-phase system). The parameters of TRVs are defined in international standards such as IEC
IEC

IEC may refer to:In education:* International Education Centre* Information, Education, and Communication* International Electrotechnical Commission - An international standards organization dealing with electrical, electronic and related technologies....
 and IEEE (or ANSI).

Capacitive load


Typical cases of capacitive loads are unloaded lines and capacitor banks.

Inductive circuit


Short-circuit condition


A circuit breaker interrupts a short-circuit at current zero, at this instant the supply voltage is maximum and the recovery voltage tends to reach the supply voltage with a high frequency transient. The normalized value of the overshoot or amplitude factor is 1.4.

Out-of-phase condition


External links

  • , on ewh.ieee.org


  • , IEEE tutorial by R.Alexander & D.Dufournet, on ewh.ieee.org