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Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic

 

 
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Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
 
 
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The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR, ???????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ??????????, Zakavkazskaya Demokraticheskaya Federativnaya Respublika (ZKDFR); also known as the Transcaucasian Federation) (February 1918 – May 1918) was a short-lived state composed of the modern-day countries of Armenia
Armenia

Armenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in South Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea....
, Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan , is the largest and most populous country in the South Caucasus, located partially in Eastern Europe and partially in Western Asia....
, and Georgia
Georgia (country)

Georgia is a transcontinental country in the Caucasus region, located at the dividing line between Europe and Asia. It is bordered by the Russia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Armenia to the south, and Turkey to the southwest....
 in the Caucasus
Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucas is a geopolitical region located between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It is home to Europe's highest mountain ....
 Mountain Range.

After the February Revolution, the Russian Provisional Government
Russian Provisional Government

The Russian Provisional government Government was formed in Saint Petersburg in 1917 after the February Revolution and the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia....
 installed the Special Transcaucasian Committee
Special Transcaucasian Committee

Special Transcaucasian Committee was established in 1917 by the Russian Provisional Government in the Transcaucasia as the highest organ of civil administrative body....
 (?????? ???????????? ???????, osobyy Zakavkazskiy Komitet (OZAKOM)) to govern the area.






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The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR, ???????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ??????????, Zakavkazskaya Demokraticheskaya Federativnaya Respublika (ZKDFR); also known as the Transcaucasian Federation) (February 1918 – May 1918) was a short-lived state composed of the modern-day countries of Armenia
Armenia

Armenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in South Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea....
, Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan , is the largest and most populous country in the South Caucasus, located partially in Eastern Europe and partially in Western Asia....
, and Georgia
Georgia (country)

Georgia is a transcontinental country in the Caucasus region, located at the dividing line between Europe and Asia. It is bordered by the Russia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Armenia to the south, and Turkey to the southwest....
 in the Caucasus
Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucas is a geopolitical region located between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It is home to Europe's highest mountain ....
 Mountain Range.

After the February Revolution, the Russian Provisional Government
Russian Provisional Government

The Russian Provisional government Government was formed in Saint Petersburg in 1917 after the February Revolution and the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia....
 installed the Special Transcaucasian Committee
Special Transcaucasian Committee

Special Transcaucasian Committee was established in 1917 by the Russian Provisional Government in the Transcaucasia as the highest organ of civil administrative body....
 (?????? ???????????? ???????, osobyy Zakavkazskiy Komitet (OZAKOM)) to govern the area. After the October Revolution it was replaced by the Transcaucasian Republic and Transcaucasian Commissariat, in its turn replaced by the TCDFR.

The Transcaucasian Sejm was convened on February 10, 1918, and was chaired by a Georgian Menshevik
Menshevik

The Mensheviks were a faction of the Russian revolutionary movement that emerged in 1903 after a dispute between Vladimir Lenin and Julius Martov, both members of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party....
 Nikolay Chkheidze
Nikolay Chkheidze

Nikoloz Chkheidze was a Georgia Menshevik politician who helped to introduce Marxism to Georgia in the 1890s and played a prominent role in the February Revolution and Democratic Republic of Georgia revolutions of 1917 and 1918....
. The Sejm proclaimed the Transcaucasus an independent democratic federative republic on February 24. The federation dissolved when Georgia declared its independence on May 26. Armenia and Azerbaijan followed on May 28.

Legislature

  • 32 Social Democratic Menshevik party,
  • 30 Musavat party,
  • 27 were of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation. (R. Zorian, H. Ohanjanian, H. Zavrian, H. Kachaznuni, S. Tigranian, Al. Khatisian, Kh. Karchikian, M. Haroutiunian)


See also

  • Transcaucasian SFSR
    Transcaucasian SFSR

    The Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic , also known as the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Transcaucasian SFSR and the TSFSR for short, was a short-lived republics of the Soviet Union....
  • Democratic Republic of Georgia
    Democratic Republic of Georgia

    The Democratic Republic of Georgia , 1918?1921, was the first modern establishment of a Republic of Georgia .The DRG was created after the collapse of the Russian Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917....
  • Democratic Republic of Armenia
    Democratic Republic of Armenia

    The Democratic Republic of Armenia , 1918?1920, was the first modern establishment of an Armenian republic. The collapse of the Imperial Russia with the Russian Revolution of 1917 gave chance to the Armenian Revolutionary Federation to create the new republic which the leadership and the 103 of delegates from former Romanov realm belonged t...
  • Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
    Azerbaijan Democratic Republic

    The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was the first successful attempt to establish a democratic and secular republic in the Muslim world . The ADR was founded on May 28, 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917 by Azerbaijani National Council in Tiflis....