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Traffic cone
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Traffic cones, also called toddlers, road cones, safety cones, construction cones, pylons, or Witches' Hats, are usually cone-shaped markers that are placed on roads or footpaths to temporarily redirect traffic in a safe manner.
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Encyclopedia
Traffic cones, also called toddlers, road cones, safety cones, construction cones, pylons, or Witches' Hats, are usually cone-shaped markers that are placed on roads or footpaths to temporarily redirect traffic in a safe manner. They are often used to create merge lanes during road construction projects or automobile accidents, though heavier, more permanent markers or signs are used if the diversion is to stay in place for a long period of time.
Traffic cones were invented in 1914 by Charles P. Rudabaker. Though at first wrought from concrete, today's versions are more commonly brightly-coloured thermoplastic or rubber cones. Not all traffic cones are conical. Pillar shaped movable bollards fulfil a similar function.
Usage
Traffic management
Traffic cones are typically used outdoors during road work or other situations requiring traffic redirection or advance warning of hazards or dangers.
For night time use or low-light situations traffic cones are usually fitted with a retroreflective sleeve to increase visibility.
With the addition of reflective collars, traffic cones meet the requirements in the US Federal Highway Administration's Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), which was amended in 1989 to mandate increased night-time visibility via the placement of additional reflective white bands on cones. Reflective collars, white strips made from white reflective plastic, slip over cones snugly, and tape or adhesive can be used to attach the collars to the cones permanently.
Traffic cones are designed to be highly visible and easily movable. Various sizes are used, commonly ranging from around 30 cm to a little over 1 m. Traffic cones come in many different colors, with orange, yellow and red being the most common colors due to their brightness. They may also have a retroreflective strip to increase their visibility.
Types and sizes
Typical traffic cones are fluorescent "safety" orange. In the United States they come in such sizes as:
- 300 mm (12 in) 1.5lbs- for indoor/outdoor applications
- 450 mm (18 in) 3lbs- for outdoor applications such as free-way line painting
- 700 mm (28 in) 7lbs -For Non-highway applications eg. Local street
- 700 mm (28 in) 10lbs - for free-way/high-way applications
- 900 mm (36 in) - as above
Other forms
Cones are easy to move or remove. Where sturdier (and larger) markers are needed, construction sites use traffic barrels (plastic orange barrels with reflective stripes, normally about the same size as a 55 gallon (208 L) drum), which may be weighted with sandbags. When a lane closure must also be a physical barrier against cars accidentally crossing it, a Jersey barrier is preferred. See also Fitch Barrier.
In countries such as Australia traffic barrels are rarely seen. Devices called bollards are used instead of cones where larger and sturdier warning or delineation devices are needed. Typically, bollards are 1150 mm high fluorescent orange posts with reflective tape and heavy weight rubber bases. Larger devices such as barrier boards may be used instead of cones where larger areas need to be excluded or for longer periods.
Indoor and non traffic use
Cones are also frequently used in indoor public spaces to mark off areas which are closed to pedestrians, such as a restroom being out of order, or to denote a dangerous condition, such as a slippery floor. They can be used on school playgrounds to limit areas of a playing field. Some of the cones used for this purpose are miniature, as small as 5cm tall, and some are disposable full size cones made of biodegradable paper.
Being distinctive, easily portable and usually left unguarded, traffic cones are often stolen. Students are frequently blamed, to the extent that the British National Union of Students has attempted to play down this "outdated stereotype".
Traffic cones in popular culture
Traffic cones are ubiquitous in many urban environments and around highway construction or repair projects. In 2007 the artist Dennis Oppenheim commemorated the traffic cone with a monumental sculpture of five five-metre tall cones. They were installed temporarily in Miami , Seattle's Olympic Sculpture Park, and are presently in Seoul, Korea
In Jackass: The Movie, Wee Man walks around busy Tokyo streets wearing a giant traffic cone.
See also
External links
- -- Kibo's collection of photographs of cones in unusual places
- -- Many photos of traffic cones
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