Trachurus
Encyclopedia
Jack mackerels are marine fishes in the Trachurus genus of the Carangidae
Carangidae
Carangidae is a family of fish which includes the jacks, pompanos, jack mackerels, and scads.They are marine fish found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans...

 family. The type species
Type species
In biological nomenclature, a type species is both a concept and a practical system which is used in the classification and nomenclature of animals and plants. The value of a "type species" lies in the fact that it makes clear what is meant by a particular genus name. A type species is the species...

 of the genus is the Atlantic horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus. The name of the genus is derived from the Greek word trachys, meaning "rough", and the Greek word oura, meaning "tail". Some species such as the inca are harvested in seine nets, and in some cases overfishing occurs (i.e. harvesting beyond sustainable levels).

It is often used in Japanese cuisine
Japanese cuisine
Japanese cuisine has developed over the centuries as a result of many political and social changes throughout Japan. The cuisine eventually changed with the advent of the Medieval age which ushered in a shedding of elitism with the age of shogun rule...

, where it is called "aji".

Species

  • Trachurus aleevi Rytov & Razumovskaya, 1984.
  • Cape horse mackerel, Trachurus capensis Castelnau, 1861.
  • Greenback horse mackerel
    Greenback horse mackerel
    The greenback horse mackerel or greenback scad, Trachurus declivis, is a species of jack in the family Carangidae, found around southern Australia, and around New Zealand, from the surface to depths of 460 m. Its length is up to 64 cm....

    , Trachurus declivis (Jenyns, 1841).
  • African scad, Trachurus delagoa Nekrasov, 1970.
  • Arabian scad, Trachurus indicus (Cuvier
    Georges Cuvier
    Georges Chrétien Léopold Dagobert Cuvier or Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric Cuvier , known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist...

    , 1833)
    .
  • Japanese jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus (Temminck
    Coenraad Jacob Temminck
    Coenraad Jacob Temminck was a Dutch aristocrat and zoologist.Temminck was the first director of the National Natural History Museum at Leiden from 1820 until his death. His Manuel d'ornithologie, ou Tableau systematique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe was the standard work on European birds...

     & Schlegel
    Hermann Schlegel
    Hermann Schlegel was a German ornithologist and herpetologist.-Early life and education:Schlegel was born at Altenburg, the son of a brassfounder. His father collected butterflies, which stimulated Schlegel's interest in natural history...

    , 1844)
    .
  • Rough scad, Trachurus lathami Nichols, 1920.
  • Crozet scad, Trachurus longimanus (Norman, 1935).
  • Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner
    Franz Steindachner
    Franz Steindachner was an Austrian zoologist.- Work and career :Being interested in natural history, Steindachner took up the study of fossil fishes on the recommendation of his friend Eduard Suess...

    , 1868
    .
  • Inca scad, Trachurus murphyi Nichols, 1920.
  • Yellowtail horse mackerel
    Yellowtail horse mackerel
    The yellowtail horse mackerel, Trachurus novaezelandiae, is a jack in the family Carangidae found around Australia and New Zealand at depths of up to 500 m. Its length is up to 50 cm....

    , Trachurus novaezelandiae Richardson
    John Richardson (naturalist)
    Sir John Richardson was a Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and arctic explorer.Richardson was born at Dumfries. He studied medicine at Edinburgh University, and became a surgeon in the navy in 1807. He traveled with John Franklin in search of the Northwest Passage on the Coppermine Expedition of...

    , 1843
    .
  • Blue jack mackerel, Trachurus picturatus (Bowdich, 1825).
  • Pacific jack mackerel
    Pacific jack mackerel
    The Pacific jack mackerel,Trachurus symmetricus , is an abundant species of pelagic marine fish in the jack family, Carangidae...

    , Trachurus symmetricus (Ayres
    William Orville Ayres
    William Orville Ayres was an American physician and ichthyologist. Born in Connecticut, he studied to become a doctor at Yale University School of Medicine....

    , 1855)
    .
  • Atlantic horse mackerel
    Atlantic horse mackerel
    The Atlantic horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus is a species of mackerel in the family Carangidae. It gets its common name from the legend that other smaller species of fish could ride on the back of it over great distances...

    , Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus
    Carolus Linnaeus
    Carl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...

    , 1758)
    .
  • Cunene horse mackerel, Trachurus trecae Cadenat, 1950.
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