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Toffee is a confection made by boiling molasses
Molasses

Molasses is a thick by-product from the processing of the sugar beet or sugar cane into sugar. The word molasses comes from the Portuguese language word mela?o, which comes from "meli", the Greek word for "honey"....
 or sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
 (creating inverted sugar
Inverted sugar syrup

Inverted sugar syrup is a sucrose-based syrup, produced by splitting each sucrose disaccharide molecule into its component monomers, glucose and fructose....
) along with butter
Butter

Butter is a dairy product made by churning fresh or fermentation cream or milk. It is generally used as a spread and a condiment, as well as in cooking applications such as baking, sauce making, and frying....
, and occasionally flour
Flour

Flour is a powder made of cereal grains. It is the main ingredient of bread, which is a staple food for many civilizations, making the availability of adequate supplies of flour a major economic and political issue at various times throughout history....
. The mixture is heated until its temperature reaches the hard crack stage of 150-160°C (302–310°F). While being prepared, toffee is sometimes mixed with nuts
Nut (fruit)

Nut is a general term for the large, dry, oily seed or fruit of some plant. While a wide variety of dried seeds and fruits are called nuts, only a certain number of them are considered by biologists to be true nuts....
 or raisins.

The process of making toffee involves boiling the ingredients until the mix is stiff enough to be pulled into a shape which holds and has a glossy surface.






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Toffee is a confection made by boiling molasses
Molasses

Molasses is a thick by-product from the processing of the sugar beet or sugar cane into sugar. The word molasses comes from the Portuguese language word mela?o, which comes from "meli", the Greek word for "honey"....
 or sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
 (creating inverted sugar
Inverted sugar syrup

Inverted sugar syrup is a sucrose-based syrup, produced by splitting each sucrose disaccharide molecule into its component monomers, glucose and fructose....
) along with butter
Butter

Butter is a dairy product made by churning fresh or fermentation cream or milk. It is generally used as a spread and a condiment, as well as in cooking applications such as baking, sauce making, and frying....
, and occasionally flour
Flour

Flour is a powder made of cereal grains. It is the main ingredient of bread, which is a staple food for many civilizations, making the availability of adequate supplies of flour a major economic and political issue at various times throughout history....
. The mixture is heated until its temperature reaches the hard crack stage of 150-160°C (302–310°F). While being prepared, toffee is sometimes mixed with nuts
Nut (fruit)

Nut is a general term for the large, dry, oily seed or fruit of some plant. While a wide variety of dried seeds and fruits are called nuts, only a certain number of them are considered by biologists to be true nuts....
 or raisins.

The process of making toffee involves boiling the ingredients until the mix is stiff enough to be pulled into a shape which holds and has a glossy surface. The resulting mixture will typically be poured into a shallow tray and allowed to cool to form a sweet. Different mixes, processes, and (most importantly) temperatures of toffee making will result in different textures and hardnesses, from soft and often sticky to a hard brittle material.

A popular variant in the US is English toffee, which is a very buttery toffee often made with almonds. It is available in both chewy and hard versions; there is some debate as to which is the traditional English style and which is an Americanized version. A popular presentation of English toffee is covered in chocolate
Chocolate

Chocolate comprises a number of raw and processed foods that are produced from the seed of the tropical cacao tree.Chocolate has become one of the most popular flavors in the world....
 and almond pieces. Heath bar
Heath bar

The Heath bar is an United States candy bar made of English-style toffee. A thin hard slab with a milk chocolate coating, the toffee originally contained sugar, butter, and almonds, and was a small squarish bar weighing 1 ounce....
s are a type of candy made with an English toffee core.

Another variant is cinder toffee, also called honeycomb or sponge toffee
Sponge toffee

File:Cinder Toffee.jpgSponge toffee is a sugary confection with a light, rigid, foam-like texture.The main ingredients are typically brown sugar, corn syrup and baking soda, sometimes with an acid such as vinegar....
, which is an aerated
Aeration

Aeration is the process by which air is circulated through, mixed with or solvation in a liquid or substance....
 version with bubbles introduced by adding baking soda
Sodium bicarbonate

Sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate is the chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder....
 and vinegar
Vinegar

Vinegar is an acidic liquid processed from the fermentation of ethanol in a process that yields its key ingredient, acetic acid . It also may come in a diluted form....
 while mixing. The baking soda and vinegar
Common experiments

The following are common scientific experiments and the results thereof....
 react to form carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalent bond to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state....
, which is trapped in the highly viscous mixture. In New Zealand
New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
 this is called Hokey pokey (ice cream)
Hokey pokey (ice cream)

Hokey pokey is a flavour of ice cream, invented in New Zealand and consisting of plain vanilla ice cream with small, solid lumps of Sponge_toffee....
.

A particular application of toffee is in toffee apples, which are apple
APPLE

This article is about the satellite APPLE. For the fruit apple, see Apple. For other uses see Apple .The Ariane Passenger PayLoad Experiment , was an experimental communication satellite with a C-Band transponder launched by Indian Space Research Organisation satellite on June 19, 1981 by Ariane 1, a launch vehicle of the European Spac...
s on sticks which are coated with toffee. Toffee apples are similar to taffy apples and caramel apple
Caramel apple

Caramel apples or taffy apples are created by dipping or rolling apples-on-a-stick in hot caramel, sometimes then rolling them in nut or other small savories or confections, and allowing them to cool....
s (both names for apples which are covered in caramel
Caramel

Caramel refers to a range of confectionerys that are beige to dark brown in color and derived from the caramelization of sugar. Caramel is often made when cooking sweets....
).

The origins of the word are unknown; The Oxford English Dictionary
Oxford English Dictionary

The Oxford English Dictionary , published by the Oxford University Press , is a comprehensive dictionary of the English language. Two fully-bound print editions of the OED have been published under its current name, in 1928 and 1989; as of December 2008 the dictionary's current editors have completed a quarter of the third edition....
 dates the first publication of the word to 1825, although it is almost certain that the sweet dates back further than that. (McGee, 1984 p. 410) claims it to be "from the Creole
Louisiana Creole French

Louisiana Creole is a French-based creole languages language spoken by the mixed Louisiana Creole people of the state of Louisiana. The language consists of elements of French, Native American, Spanish, and West African roots....
 for a mixture of sugar and molasses" and that it entered the language early in the 19th century.

See also


  • Caramel
    Caramel

    Caramel refers to a range of confectionerys that are beige to dark brown in color and derived from the caramelization of sugar. Caramel is often made when cooking sweets....
  • Fudge
    Fudge

    Fudge is a type of confectionery which is usually very sweet, extremely rich and sometimes flavored with cocoa. It is made by mixing sugar, butter, and milk and heating it to the soft-ball stage at , and then beating the mixture while it cools so that it acquires a smooth, creamy consistency....
  • Bonfire toffee
    Bonfire toffee

    Bonfire toffee, or treacle toffee, is a very hard, very brittle toffee that is associated with Halloween and Guy Fawkes Night in the United Kingdom....
     a very dark toffee
  • Knäck
    Knäck

    File:Kn?ck 2.jpgKn?ck is a traditional Sweden toffee prepared at Christmas. The name translates into "break" and refers to its hard consistency ....
     traditional Swedish toffee
  • Butterscotch
    Butterscotch

    Butterscotch is a type of confectionery whose primary ingredients are brown sugar and butter. Other ingredients such as corn syrup, cream, vanilla, and salt are typically part of the recipe also....
     a softer form of toffee
  • Almond Roca
    Almond Roca

    Almond Roca is a brand of chocolate toffee butter crunch candy containing a ground almond coating and also almond chunks inside the candy itself....
     a chocolate coated toffee
  • Peanut brittle
  • Taffy (candy)
    Taffy (candy)

    Taffy is a type of chewy candy. Taffy is made by stretching or pulling a sticky mass of boiled sugar, butter, flavorings, and coloring until fluffy....
     an airy, chewy candy often fruit flavored
  • Caramel candy
    Caramel

    Caramel refers to a range of confectionerys that are beige to dark brown in color and derived from the caramelization of sugar. Caramel is often made when cooking sweets....
     a dense, chewy soft candy
  • Moffat toffee
    Moffat Toffee

    Moffat Toffee is not toffee, but a boiled sweet made in the Scotland town of Moffat.The confectionery is notable for its lemon centre which gives the sweet its unusual flavour....
    , a boiled sweet made in Scotland
  • Toffee hammer
    Toffee hammer

    A toffee hammer is a very small hammer designed for breaking up sheets or slabs of hard toffee, such as bonfire toffee, into small pieces suitable for consumption....