Tithonian

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Tithonian

The Tithonian is the final stage

Faunal stage

In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a Geologic record laid down in an single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition....
of the Late Jurassic

Late Jurassic

The Late Jurassic Epoch of the Jurassic Period is the unit of geologic time scale from 161.2 ? 4.0 to 145.5 ? 4.0 million years ago, which is preserved in Upper Jurassic stratum....
Epoch. It spans the time between 150.8 ± 4 Ma

Annum

Annum is one form of the Latin noun meaning year, not a form normally used for derivatives in modern languages: the accusative case Grammatical number of the second declension grammatical gender noun annus , anni ....
and 145.5 ± 4 Ma (million years ago). It is followed by the Berriasian

Berriasian

In the geologic timescale, Berriasian is a faunal stage of the Early Cretaceous epoch , and the first of the entire Cretaceous period. It spanned between 145.5 ? 4.0 annum and 140.2 ? 3.0 Ma ....
stage of the Early Cretaceous

Early Cretaceous

The Early Cretaceous or the Lower Cretaceous , is the earlier of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous Period . It began about 146 million years ago....
Epoch.

The name is unusual in geological stage names because it is derived from Greek mythology

Greek mythology

Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the Ancient Greece concerning their List of Greek mythological figures#Immortals and Greek hero cult, Cosmology#Metaphysical cosmology, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices....
. Tithonus

Tithonus

In Greek mythology, Tithonus or Tithonos was the lover of Eos, Titan of the dawn. He was a Troy by birth, the son of King Laomedon of Troy by a Naiad named Strymo ....
was the son of Laomedon

Laomedon

In Greek mythology, Laomedon was a Troy king, son of Ilus, brother of Ganymede and father of Priam, Astyoche, Lampus, Hicetaon, Clytius, Cilla , Proclia, Aethilla, Clytodora, and Hesione....
of Troy

Troy

Troy is a legendary city and center of the Trojan War, as described in the Epic Cycle, and especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer....
. He fell in love with Eos

Eos

Eos is, in Greek mythology, the Titan goddess of the dawn, who rose from her home at the edge of Oceanus, the Ocean that surrounds the world, to herald her brother Helios, the sun....
, the Greek goddess of dawn

Dawn

Dawn is the twilight before sunrise. It is recognized by the presence of weak sunlight, while the sun itself is still below the horizon. Dawn should not be confused with sunrise, which is the moment when the leading edge of the sun itself appears above the horizon....
and finds his place in the stratigraphy

Stratigraphy

Stratigraphy, a branch of geology, studies rock layers and layering . It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary rock and layered volcanic rocks....
because this stage, the Tithonian, finds itself hand in hand with the dawn of the Cretaceous

Cretaceous

The Cretaceous , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide, is a geologic period from circa to million years ago . In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows on the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period....
.
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Ankylosauria
Ankylosauria

Ankylosauria is a group of herbivorous dinosaurs of the order Ornithischia. It includes the great majority of dinosaurs with Armour in the form of bony osteoderms....
of the Tithonian

Taxa

Presence

Location

Description

Images

Morrison Formation

The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America....
, Wyoming, USA

The smallest and the earliest well-known ankylosaur.

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Encyclopedia

The Tithonian is the final stage

Faunal stage

In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a Geologic record laid down in an single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition....
of the Late Jurassic

Late Jurassic

Annum

Berriasian

Early Cretaceous

Greek mythology

Tithonus

In Greek mythology, Tithonus or Tithonos was the lover of Eos, Titan of the dawn. He was a Troy by birth, the son of King Laomedon of Troy by a Naiad named Strymo ....
was the son of Laomedon

Laomedon

Troy

Troy is a legendary city and center of the Trojan War, as described in the Epic Cycle, and especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer....
. He fell in love with Eos

Eos

Dawn

Stratigraphy

Cretaceous

Vertebrate Fauna

Ankylosaurs

Ankylosauria Ankylosauria Ankylosauria is a group of herbivorous dinosaurs of the order Ornithischia. It includes the great majority of dinosaurs with Armour in the form of bony osteoderms.... of the Tithonian
Taxa	Presence	Location	Description	Images
Gargoyleosaurus Gargoyleosaurus *Gargoyleosaurus* is both the smallest and the earliest well-known ankylosaur. Its skull measures only in length, and its total body length is an estimated ....		Morrison Formation Morrison Formation The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America.... , Wyoming, USA	The smallest and the earliest well-known ankylosaur. Its skull measures only 29 cm in length, and its total body length is an estimated three to four meters.
Mymoorapelta Mymoorapelta *Mymoorapelta* is an ankylosaur from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of western Colorado. The taxon is known from portions of a disarticulated skull, parts of three different skeletons and other postcranial remains.... Mymoorapelta maysi		Morrison Formation Morrison Formation The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America.... , Colorado, USA	A poorly known early ankylosaurian.

Ceratopsians

Ceratopsia Ceratopsia Ceratopsia or Ceratopia is a group of herbivore, beaked dinosaurs which thrived in what are now North America and Asia, during the Cretaceous Period , although ancestral forms lived earlier, in the Jurassic.... of the Tithonian
Taxa	Presence	Location	Description	Images
Chaoyangsaurus Chaoyangsaurus *Chaoyangsaurus* was a marginocephalian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of China. Chaoyangsaurus belonged to the Ceratopsia , a group of primarily herbivorous dinosaurs with parrot-like beaks which thrived in North America and Asia during the Cretaceous Period ....	?	Chaoyang Chaoyang Chaoyang is a prefecture-level city in Liaoning province of the People's Republic of China.Within the prefecture there is a variety of mining.... area, Liaoning, China	One of the earliest ceratopsians
Xuanhuaceratops		Hebei, China	A member of the family Chaoyangsauridae, it was one of the earliest ceratopsians

Ornithopods

Ornithopoda of the Tithonian
Taxa	Presence	Location	Description	Images
Camptosaurus Camptosaurus *Camptosaurus* is a genus of plant-eating, beaked dinosaurs of the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Period . The name means 'bent lizard', because, when standing on all fours, its body must have been arched ....	Kimmeridgian to ?Berriasian Berriasian In the geologic timescale, Berriasian is a faunal stage of the Early Cretaceous epoch , and the first of the entire Cretaceous period. It spanned between 145.5 ? 4.0 annum and 140.2 ? 3.0 Ma ....	Wyoming, USA; England; France	Camptosaurus could be more than 7.9 meters long (26 ft), and 2.0 meters tall (6.7 ft) at the hips. They had heavy bodies but, as well as walking on four legs (quadrupedal), could also rear up to walk on two legs (bipedal). This genus is probably closely related to the ancestor of the later iguanodontid and hadrosaurid dinosaurs. It probably ate cycads with its parrot-like beak.
Draconyx Draconyx *Draconyx* is a genus of dinosaur from the Late Jurassic. It was an Ornithopoda which lived in what is now Portugal. It was found in Lourinh?, in 1991, and described by Oct?vio Mateus and Miguel Telles Antunes in 2001....		Lourinhã Lourinhã Lourinh? is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 147.2 km? and a total population of 24,601 inhabitants. The seat of the municipality is the village of Lourinh?, with a population of 8,800 inhabitants.... , Portugal	A camptosaurid iguanodont Iguanodont Iguanodonts were herbivorous dinosaurs that lived from the mid-Jurassic to Late Cretaceous. Some members include Camptosaurus, Callovosaurus, Iguanodon, and Ouranosaurus....
Drinker Drinker *Drinker* was a genus of hypsilophodont dinosaur from the late Jurassic period of North America. Although based on good remains, it remains obscure due to a lack of post-naming publications....
Dryosaurus Dryosaurus *Dryosaurus* meaning 'oak lizard', due to the vague oak shape of its cheek teeth was a genus of an ornithopod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic Period....
Othnielia Othnielia *Othnielia* is a genus of hypsilophodont dinosaur, named after its original describer, Professor Othniel Charles Marsh, an United States paleontologist of the 19th century....
Othnielosaurus Othnielosaurus *Othnielosaurus* is a genus of ornithischian dinosaur that lived about 155 to 148 million years ago, during the Late Jurassic-age Morrison Formation of the western United States....

Stegosaurs

Stegosaurs of the Tithonian
Taxa	Presence	Location	Description	Images
Stegosaurus Stegosaurus *Stegosaurus* is a genus of Stegosauria Thyreophora dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period in what is now western North America. In 2006, a specimen of Stegosaurus was announced from Portugal, showing that they were present in Europe as well....	Kimmeridgian Kimmeridgian The Kimmeridgian is a faunal stage of the Late Jurassic epoch . It spans the time between 155.7 ? 4 annum and 150.8 ? 4 Ma . The Kimmeridgian stage follows the Oxfordian stage and precedes the Tithonian stage.... to Early Tithonian	Morrison Formation Morrison Formation The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America.... , Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, USA	Averaging around 9 metres (30 ft) long and 4 metres (14 ft) tall, the quadrupedal Stegosaurus is one of the most easily identifiable dinosaurs, due to the distinctive double row of kite-shaped plates rising vertically along its arched back and the two pairs of long spikes extending horizontally near the end of its tail.

Sauropoda

Sauropoda Sauropoda Sauropoda , or the sauropods , are an Order or clade of saurischian dinosaurs. They notable for the enormous sizes attained by some species, and the group includes many of the largest animals to have ever lived on land.... of the Tithonian
Taxa	Presence	Location	Description	Images
Apatosaurus Apatosaurus *Apatosaurus* , also formerly known as *Brontosaurus*, is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived about 150 Annum, during the Jurassic Period ....
Diplodocus Diplodocus *Diplodocus* is a genus of diplodocid sauropod dinosaur whose fossils were first discovered in 1877 by Samuel Wendell Williston. The generic name, coined by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1878, is a Neo-Latin term derived from Ancient Greek "double" and "beam", in reference to its double-beamed chevron located in the underside of the tail....
Mamenchisaurus Mamenchisaurus *Mamenchisaurus* was a herbivore quadruped dinosaur, known for its remarkably long neck. Most species lived 145 to 150 million years ago, in the Tithonian faunal stage of the late Jurassic Period ....

Thalattosuchians

Thalattosuchians of the Tithonian
Taxa	Presence	Location	Description	Images
Dakosaurus Dakosaurus *Dakosaurus* is an extinct genus within the family Metriorhynchidae that lived during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. It was large, with teeth that were serrated edge and compressed lateromedially .... Dakosaurus maximus Dakosaurus andiniensis			A large genus of metriorhynchid, that was a high order predator which fed on other marine reptiles The type species Type species In taxonomy, a type species is the species that originally defined a genus . It is an individual specimen that fixes the name of a genus . Two different definitions are used interchangeably, in a general term and a botanical term.... from Western Europe of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian). Argentina Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is a country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city.... of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Early Tithonian), knicknamed "Godzilla Godzilla is a kaiju from the Godzilla series of science fiction films. He was first seen in the 1954 in film film Godzilla and has appeared in 28 films to date, all of which were produced by Toho As one of the most iconic characters in film history, Godzilla has also appeared in numerous Godzilla , Godzilla video games, novels and Godzilla in popula... ".
Geosaurus Geosaurus *Geosaurus* was a small, gracile genus of marine crocodyliform within the family Metriorhynchidae that lived during the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous.... G. giganteus G. gracilis G. suevicus: G. saltillense: G. vignaudi: G. araucanensis:		Western Europe Western Europe Western Europe Mexico Mexico Argentina	A relatively small metriorhynchid genus. No known species of Geosaurus attained lengths in excess of 3 meters (10 feet). There were multiple Geosaurus species alive during the Tithonian. The type species Type species In taxonomy, a type species is the species that originally defined a genus . It is an individual specimen that fixes the name of a genus . Two different definitions are used interchangeably, in a general term and a botanical term.... from Western Europe of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian). Western Europe of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian). Was originally the type species of the genus Rhacheosaurus. Western Europe of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian) Mexico Mexico The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federalism constitutionalism republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico.... of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian) Mexico Mexico The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federalism constitutionalism republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico.... of the Late Jurassic (Middle Tithonian) Argentina Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is a country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city.... of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Early Tithonian)
Machimosaurus Machimosaurus *Machimosaurus* is an extinct genus of Teleosauridae crocodyliform from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous . The type species, Machimosaurus hugii, was found in France....
Metriorhynchus Metriorhynchus *Metriorhynchus* is an extinct genus of marine crocodyliformes that lived in the oceans during the Middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic. Metriorhynchus was named by the Germans palaeontologist Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer in 1830.... M. potens			An opportunistic carnivore Carnivore A carnivore , meaning 'meat eater' , is any animal with a diet consisting mainly of meat, whether it comes from animals living or dead .In a more general sense, an animal may be considered a carnivore if it prefers feeding on animal matter over plant matter.... that fed on fish Fish A fish is any marine biology vertebrate animal that is typically ectothermic , covered with scale , and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins.... , belemnites and other marine animals and possible carrion. Metriorhynchus grew to an average adult length of 3 meters (9.6 feet).
Steneosaurus Steneosaurus *Steneosaurus* is an extinct genus of Teleosauridae crocodyliform from the Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous . Fossil specimens have been found in England, France, Germany, Switzerland and Morocco....

Invertebrate Fauna

Belemnites

Belemnites of the Tithonian
Taxa	Presence	Location	Description	Images
Produvalia