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Tietê River

 
Tietê River

 
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Tietê River
 
 
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The Tietê River is a river
River

A river is a natural stream of water, usually freshwater, flowing toward an ocean, a lake, or another stream. In some cases a river flows into the ground or dries up completely before reaching another body of water....
 in the Brazil
Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the List of countries by population country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world....
ian state
States of Brazil

The Federative Republic of Brazil is a union of twenty-six estados and formed by the states and one district, the Brazilian Federal District which contains the capital city, Bras?lia....
 of São Paulo
São Paulo (state)

is a States of Brazil in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. It is named after Paul of Tarsus. S?o Paulo has the largest population, the biggest industrial park and the biggest economic production of the country....
. Although some parts are highly polluted , the Tietê river runs for 700 miles before joining the Paraná River
Paraná River

This article is about the second-longest river in South America: For the shorter river in Goi?s, central Brazil, see Paran? RiverThe Paran? River is a river in south central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina over a course of some 2,570 kilometers ....
, making it around the 130th longest river in the world. Its spring
Spring (hydrosphere)

A spring is a point where groundwater flows out from the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface.Dependent upon the constancy of the water source , a spring may be ephemeral or Perennial stream ....
 is located on the municipality of Salesópolis
Salesópolis

Sales?polis is a municipality in the S?o Paulo Metropolitan Region in the state of S?o Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 was 15,281, the density was 35.87/km? and the area is 426 km?....
, in Serra do Mar
Serra do Mar

Serra do Mar is a 1,500 km long system of mountain ranges and escarpments in Southeastern Brazil, which runs in parallel to the Atlantic Ocean coast, from the state of Esp?rito Santo to Santa Catarina State....
. Salesópolis is only 22km from the ocean, but the geography of the area forces the river to run towards the center of the continent.

Navigation
Many of the artificial lakes in the river contain locks that made navigation possible.






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Encyclopedia


The Tietê River is a river
River

A river is a natural stream of water, usually freshwater, flowing toward an ocean, a lake, or another stream. In some cases a river flows into the ground or dries up completely before reaching another body of water....
 in the Brazil
Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the List of countries by population country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world....
ian state
States of Brazil

The Federative Republic of Brazil is a union of twenty-six estados and formed by the states and one district, the Brazilian Federal District which contains the capital city, Bras?lia....
 of São Paulo
São Paulo (state)

is a States of Brazil in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. It is named after Paul of Tarsus. S?o Paulo has the largest population, the biggest industrial park and the biggest economic production of the country....
. Although some parts are highly polluted , the Tietê river runs for 700 miles before joining the Paraná River
Paraná River

This article is about the second-longest river in South America: For the shorter river in Goi?s, central Brazil, see Paran? RiverThe Paran? River is a river in south central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina over a course of some 2,570 kilometers ....
, making it around the 130th longest river in the world. Its spring
Spring (hydrosphere)

A spring is a point where groundwater flows out from the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface.Dependent upon the constancy of the water source , a spring may be ephemeral or Perennial stream ....
 is located on the municipality of Salesópolis
Salesópolis

Sales?polis is a municipality in the S?o Paulo Metropolitan Region in the state of S?o Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 was 15,281, the density was 35.87/km? and the area is 426 km?....
, in Serra do Mar
Serra do Mar

Serra do Mar is a 1,500 km long system of mountain ranges and escarpments in Southeastern Brazil, which runs in parallel to the Atlantic Ocean coast, from the state of Esp?rito Santo to Santa Catarina State....
. Salesópolis is only 22km from the ocean, but the geography of the area forces the river to run towards the center of the continent.

Navigation


Many of the artificial lakes in the river contain locks that made navigation possible. The cost of river transport usually lower than using roads. The waterway
Waterway

A waterway is any navigable body of water. These include rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, and canals. In order for a waterway to be navigable, it must meet several criteria:...
 Tietê-Paraná is 2,400km long, and includes 1,100km between Conchas
Conchas

Conchas is a municipality in the state of S?o Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 was 16,450 and the area is 469.46 km?. The elevation is 503 m....
 and São Simão, Goiás
São Simão, Goiás

S?o Sim?o is a small town and a municipality in south-central Goi?s state, Brazil....
. One million tonnes of grain
GRAIN

GRAIN is an international non-governmental organization based in Barcelona, Spain, which works toward sustainable agriculture. It was formed upon the realization that the genetic diversity of the world's food crops are being drastically eliminated....
 and 2 tons
Long ton

Long ton is the name for the unit called the "ton" in the avoirdupois or Imperial unit system of measurements, as formerly used in the United Kingdom and several other Commonwealth of Nations countries....
 are transported annually.

Problems


Pollution

The Tietê River suffers from high levels of pollution
Water pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater caused by human activities, which can be harmful to organisms and plants that live in these water bodies....
, however in the 1960's the problem was not so widespead, the river having many fish living within it. The causes of the pollution are said to be linked to the industrialisation
Industrialisation

Industrialization is the process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a pre-industrial society into an industry one....
 of the city of São Paulo
São Paulo

S?o Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, and along with Tokyo, Seoul and Mexico City is among the four largest metropolitan regions of the world....
 and the building of the Guarapiranga
Guarapiranga

The Reservoir of Guarapiranga is a reservoir in the southern area of the city of S?o Paulo, in the S?o Paulo , Brazil....
 artificial lake. After the lake's construction, the Tietê river became redundant and was no longer used as the city's main water supply. Because of this the river was neglected, as maintenance procedures were suspended by the government.

In 1992 the city's inhabitants pressured the state government into trying to reverse the damage to the river. A petition
Petition

A petition is a request to change some thing, most commonly made to a government official or public entity. Petitions to a deity are a form of prayer....
 was handed over with the support of over one million people which turned out to be the largest petition in Brazilian history. With finances from the IDB
Inter-American Development Bank

The Inter-American Development Bank , is an international organization established and headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, in 1959 to support Latin America and Caribbean economic and social development and regional integration by lending mainly to governments and government agencies, including State corporations....
, a program named "Projeto Tietê" was started. With intense participation from NGOs, the level of wastewater
Wastewater

Wastewater is any water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. It comprises liquid waste discharged by domestic residences, commercial properties, industry, and/or agriculture and can encompass a wide range of potential contaminants and concentrations....
 treatment increased from 20% to 60%. It is expected that the program will reach at least 90% by its end.

The program also focuses on the industries within the vicinity of the river. At present 1,200 industries have agreed not to discharge their waste into the river. This corresponds to 90% of all the industrial pollution. From 1992 to 2006, the project spent over $1.5 billion.

Flooding

The Tietê River is also known for occasionally flood
Flood

A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land, a deluge. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide....
ing. This happens when it receives a large amount of water from one of its tributaries such as the Aricanduva
Aricanduva

Aricanduva, or, more properly, Aricanduva-Formosa , is a borough of the city of S?o Paulo, Brazil. It's placed in the west margin of the Aricanduva River, which crosses the city from east to southeast....
 River. The river has levee
Levee

A levee, lev?e, dike , embankment, floodbank or stopbank is a natural or artificial slope or wall to regulate water levels....
s built alongside it that attempt to contain the increased volume of water. However, this area is poorly maintained and is normally occupied by squatters
Squatting

Squatting is the act of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied space or building, usually residential, that the squatter does not Land ownership and tenure....
 and filled with waste
WASTE

WASTE is a peer-to-peer and friend-to-friend protocol and software application developed by Justin Frankel at Nullsoft in 2003 that features instant messaging, chat rooms and file browsing/sharing capabilities....
.

The problem of flooding is still far from resolved. It should be noted however, that there were no floods for three years from 2002 to 25 May 2005, when the second largest rainfall since 1943 struck the area. The government has started projects to prevent flooding, but they will not be completed until some time in 2009.

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