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Third Anglo-Maratha War
 
 
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The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817 – 1818) was a final and decisive conflict between the British East India Company
British East India Company

The East India Company was an early England joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the Indies, but that ended up trading with the Indian subcontinent and China....
 and the Maratha Empire
Maratha Empire

The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was a Hindu state located in present-day India. It existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire's territories covered much of South Asia....
 in India
India

India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....
, which left the Company in control of most of India.

The war began with an invasion of Maratha territory by the British Governor General
Governor-General of India

The Governor-General of India was the head of the British Raj in India, and later, after Indian Independence Act 1947, the representative of the List of Indian monarchs#Kings of India and Pakistan....
, Lord Hastings
Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings

Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings, was a British politician and military officer who served as Governor-General of India from 1813 to 1823....
, in the course of operations against Pindari
Pindari

The Pindaris were the irregular military horsemen who accompanied the Maratha armies in central India during the 18th century when the Mughal Empire was breaking up....
 robber bands. The Peshwa
Peshwa

The Peshwa were Brahmin Prime Ministers to the Maratha Chattrapatis , who began commanding Maratha armies and later became the hereditary rulers of the Maratha empire of central India from 1749 to 1818....
 of Pune
Pune

Pune ,Pune is the administrative capital of Pune district and the 7th Metro city of India.Pune is known to have existed as a town since 937 AD....
's forces (see Battle of Khadki
Battle of Khadki

The Battle of Khadki took place at Khadki on November 5, 1817 between the forces of the English East India Company and those of Bajirao II, the Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy....
), followed by those of the Bhonsle
Bhonsle

The Bhosle or Bhosale were a prominent Maratha clan who served as rulers of several states in India .The most prominent member of the clan was Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire....
 of Nagpur
Nagpur

Nagpur is the largest city in central India and second capital of the States and territories of India of Maharashtra. It is headquarter of Nagpur district and Nagpur division and is third largest city by population of Maharashtra....
 and Holkar
Holkar

The Holkar were a prominent Dhangar family, who ruled as Rajas and later Maharajas of Indaur in Central India as an independent member of the Maratha Confederacy until 1818, and afterwards as a princely state -under protectorate- of British India with a 19-guns salute until India's independence, when the state acceded to the Indian governm...
 of Indore
Indore

Indore .The family retained its possessions of royalty, which included having an elephant, Nishan, Danka and Gadi even after the advent of Holkars and also retained the right of performing the first puja of Dushera before the Holkar rulers....
 (see Battle of Mahidpur
Battle of Mahidpur

The Battle of Mahidpur was fought during the Third Anglo-Maratha War between the Marathas and the United Kingdom led by Sir Thomas Hislop at Mahidpur, a town in the Malwa region, on 20 December 1817....
 ), rose against the British, but British diplomacy convinced the Sindhia of Gwalior
Gwalior

Gwalior ,, is a city in Madhya Pradesh in India. It lies 76 miles south of Agra and has a population of over 12 lakh . The Gwalior metropolitan area is the 46th most populated area in the country....
 to remain neutral, although he lost control of Rajasthan
Rajasthan

Rajasthan is the largest States and territories of India of the Republic of India in terms of area. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with Pakistan....
.






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The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817 – 1818) was a final and decisive conflict between the British East India Company
British East India Company

The East India Company was an early England joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the Indies, but that ended up trading with the Indian subcontinent and China....
 and the Maratha Empire
Maratha Empire

The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was a Hindu state located in present-day India. It existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire's territories covered much of South Asia....
 in India
India

India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....
, which left the Company in control of most of India.

The war began with an invasion of Maratha territory by the British Governor General
Governor-General of India

The Governor-General of India was the head of the British Raj in India, and later, after Indian Independence Act 1947, the representative of the List of Indian monarchs#Kings of India and Pakistan....
, Lord Hastings
Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings

Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings, was a British politician and military officer who served as Governor-General of India from 1813 to 1823....
, in the course of operations against Pindari
Pindari

The Pindaris were the irregular military horsemen who accompanied the Maratha armies in central India during the 18th century when the Mughal Empire was breaking up....
 robber bands. The Peshwa
Peshwa

The Peshwa were Brahmin Prime Ministers to the Maratha Chattrapatis , who began commanding Maratha armies and later became the hereditary rulers of the Maratha empire of central India from 1749 to 1818....
 of Pune
Pune

Pune ,Pune is the administrative capital of Pune district and the 7th Metro city of India.Pune is known to have existed as a town since 937 AD....
's forces (see Battle of Khadki
Battle of Khadki

The Battle of Khadki took place at Khadki on November 5, 1817 between the forces of the English East India Company and those of Bajirao II, the Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy....
), followed by those of the Bhonsle
Bhonsle

The Bhosle or Bhosale were a prominent Maratha clan who served as rulers of several states in India .The most prominent member of the clan was Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire....
 of Nagpur
Nagpur

Nagpur is the largest city in central India and second capital of the States and territories of India of Maharashtra. It is headquarter of Nagpur district and Nagpur division and is third largest city by population of Maharashtra....
 and Holkar
Holkar

The Holkar were a prominent Dhangar family, who ruled as Rajas and later Maharajas of Indaur in Central India as an independent member of the Maratha Confederacy until 1818, and afterwards as a princely state -under protectorate- of British India with a 19-guns salute until India's independence, when the state acceded to the Indian governm...
 of Indore
Indore

Indore .The family retained its possessions of royalty, which included having an elephant, Nishan, Danka and Gadi even after the advent of Holkars and also retained the right of performing the first puja of Dushera before the Holkar rulers....
 (see Battle of Mahidpur
Battle of Mahidpur

The Battle of Mahidpur was fought during the Third Anglo-Maratha War between the Marathas and the United Kingdom led by Sir Thomas Hislop at Mahidpur, a town in the Malwa region, on 20 December 1817....
 ), rose against the British, but British diplomacy convinced the Sindhia of Gwalior
Gwalior

Gwalior ,, is a city in Madhya Pradesh in India. It lies 76 miles south of Agra and has a population of over 12 lakh . The Gwalior metropolitan area is the 46th most populated area in the country....
 to remain neutral, although he lost control of Rajasthan
Rajasthan

Rajasthan is the largest States and territories of India of the Republic of India in terms of area. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with Pakistan....
. British victory was swift, resulting in the breakup of the Maratha Empire and the loss of Maratha independence to the British. The Battle of Koregaon
Battle of Koregaon

The Battle of Koregaon took place on January 1, 1818, at the bank of river Bhima in Koregaon , situated on the north west of Pune. A small force of 500 men of the 2nd Battalion 1st Regiment of the Bombay Native Light Infantry mostly Mahar under the command of Capt....
 gave decisive victory to the British; the Peshwa was pensioned off and most of his territory was annexed to the Bombay Presidency
Bombay Presidency

The Bombay Presidency was a former province of British India. It was established in the 17th century as a trading post for the British East India Company, but later grew to encompass much of western and central India, as well as parts of post-partition Pakistan and the Arabian Peninsula....
, although the Maharaja of Satara
Satara

Satara is a town located in the Satara District of Maharashtra states and territories of India of India. The name is derived from the seven hills surrounding the town....
 was restored as ruler of a princely state
Princely state

For other uses, see Principality, Princely state#Other princely statesA Princely State was a nominally sovereign entity of British rule in India that was not directly administered by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule such as suzerainty or paramountcy....
 until its annexation to Bombay state in 1848. The northern portion of the Nagpur Bhonsle dominions, together with the Peshwa's territories in Bundelkhand
Bundelkhand

Bundelkhand is a geographic List of regions in India of central India. The region is now divided between the states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, with the larger portion lying in the latter....
, were annexed to British India as the Saugor and Nerbudda Territories
Saugor and Nerbudda Territories

The Saugor and Nerbudda Territories was a region of British India, located in central part of present-day Madhya Pradesh state in central India....
. The Maratha kingdoms of Indore, Gwalior, Nagpur, and Jhansi
Jhansi

Jhansi is a city of Uttar Pradesh state of northern India. Jhansi is a major road and rail junction, and is the administrative seat of Jhansi District and Jhansi Division....
 became princely states, acknowledging British control.

The Third Anglo-Maratha War left the British in control of virtually all of present-day India south of the Sutlej River. In addition, the famed Nassak Diamond
Nassak Diamond

The Nassak Diamond is a large, diamond that originated as a larger diamond in the 15th century in India. Found in the Amaragiri mine located in Mahbubnagar district, Andhra Pradesh, India, and originally cut in India, the diamond adorned the statue of Shiva in the Trimbakeshwar Shiva Temple, near Nashik, in the state of Maharashtra, India f...
 was acquired by the East India Company as part of the spoils of the war.

See also

  • History of India
    History of India

    The known history of India begins with the Indus Valley Civilization, which spread and flourished in the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent, from c....


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