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Thierry Lodé

 

 
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Thierry Lodé
 
 
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Born in 1956, Thierry Lodé is a French biologist, professor, teaching evolutionary ecology
Evolutionary ecology

Evolutionary ecology lies at the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology. It approaches the study of ecology in a way that explicitly considers the evolutionary histories of species and the interactions between them....
  in the CNRS Units ETHOS (Ethology, Evolution, Ecology, [University of Rennes1] , France). As VicePresident of council for natural and biodiversity
Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or for the entire Earth. Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the health of biological systems....
 preservation, Thierry Lodé widely contributes in conservation biology
Conservation biology

Conservation biology is the scientific study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction....
, chiefly carnivores (otter
Otter

Otters are semi-aquatic fish-eating mammals. The otter Rank Lutrinae forms part of the Family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, polecats, badgers, as well as others....
s, polecat, mink
Mink

There are two living species of mink: the American Mink and the European Mink. The extinct Sea Mink is related to the American Mink, but is much larger....
 etc…) and aquatic fauna (beaver
Beaver

Beavers are two primarily nocturnal, semi-aquatic species of rodent, one native to North America and one to Eurasia. They are known for building dams, canals, and lodges ....
, amphibians). His work deals mainly with sexual conflict
Sexual conflict

Sexual conflict occurs when the two sexes have conflicting optimal fitness strategies concerning reproduction, leading to evolutionary arms race between males and females....
, stressing that sexuality appears as a confrontation between males and females.






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Born in 1956, Thierry Lodé is a French biologist, professor, teaching evolutionary ecology
Evolutionary ecology

Evolutionary ecology lies at the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology. It approaches the study of ecology in a way that explicitly considers the evolutionary histories of species and the interactions between them....
  in the CNRS Units ETHOS (Ethology, Evolution, Ecology, [University of Rennes1] , France). As VicePresident of council for natural and biodiversity
Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or for the entire Earth. Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the health of biological systems....
 preservation, Thierry Lodé widely contributes in conservation biology
Conservation biology

Conservation biology is the scientific study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction....
, chiefly carnivores (otter
Otter

Otters are semi-aquatic fish-eating mammals. The otter Rank Lutrinae forms part of the Family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, polecats, badgers, as well as others....
s, polecat, mink
Mink

There are two living species of mink: the American Mink and the European Mink. The extinct Sea Mink is related to the American Mink, but is much larger....
 etc…) and aquatic fauna (beaver
Beaver

Beavers are two primarily nocturnal, semi-aquatic species of rodent, one native to North America and one to Eurasia. They are known for building dams, canals, and lodges ....
, amphibians). His work deals mainly with sexual conflict
Sexual conflict

Sexual conflict occurs when the two sexes have conflicting optimal fitness strategies concerning reproduction, leading to evolutionary arms race between males and females....
, stressing that sexuality appears as a confrontation between males and females. "No norms, he said, no exclusive behaviors exist in natural sexuality but variations of sexual behaviors, from homosexuality
Homosexuality

Homosexuality refers to human sexual behavior or same-sex attraction between people of the same sex or to homosexual orientation. As a sexual orientation, homosexuality refers to "having sexual and romantic attraction primarily or exclusively to members of one?s own sex"; "it also refers to an individual?s sense of personal and social identi...
 to polygyny
Polygyny

Polygyny is a form of polygamy, where a man has more than one recognized female sexual partner or wife at the one time. It is distinguished from a man who has a sexual partner outside marriage, such as a concubine, casual sexual partner, paramour, or other culturally recognized secondary partner....
". Resulting in an antagonistic co-evolution, the sexual conflict leads to speciation
Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise. The biologist Orator F. Cook seems to have been the first to coin the term 'speciation' for the splitting of lineages or 'cladogenesis,' as opposed to 'anagenesis' or 'phyletic evolution' occurring within lineages....
 i.e. the development of new species. Thierry Lodé wrote more than 80 international scientific papers (in english) and 3 books.

Scientific conceptions


Developing an original point of view, (biodiversity in love), Thierry Lodé analyses the beauty
Beauty

Beauty is a characteristic of a person, Location , Object , or idea that provides a perception experience of pleasure, Value , or satisfaction....
 as a result of the supra-normal stimulus in evolution
Evolution

In biology, evolution is change in the heritability trait of a population of organisms from one generation to the next. These changes are caused by a combination of three main processes: variation, reproduction, and selection....
 and builts a theory including bilateral symmetry and supra-normal stimulus from the concept developed by Lorenz
Lorenz

Lorenz is a originally german name derived from the Roman surname, Laurentius, which mean "from Laurentum".Lorenz may refer to:Law Firm...
. Thierry Lodé said that bilateral symmetry
Symmetry

Symmetry generally conveys two primary meanings. The first is an imprecise sense of harmonious or aesthetically-pleasing proportionality and balance; such that it reflects beauty or perfection....
 is an essential characters in life. Most animals prefer to mate with sexual partners exhibiting symmetric pattern. Actually, symmetric traits are largely altered by growth and health, and asymmetry often reveals genetic problem or immune system
Immune system

An immune system is a collection of biological processes within an organism that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumour cells....
 (MHC) deficiencies.

Besides, the French kiss
French Kiss

French Kiss is a 1995 United States romantic comedy film set primarily in France. The film was greeted less than enthusiastically by film critics but the moviegoing public made it a major financial success....
 consists in a saliva
Saliva

Saliva is the watery and usually frothy substance produced in the mouths of humans and most other animals. Saliva is produced in and secreted from the salivary glands....
 exchange resulting from the exploration of the sexual partner’s immune responses (MHC
MHC

MHC may refer to:...
). He stresses that the divergences which occur resulting from the conflict could lead to sympatric speciation
Sympatric speciation

Sympatric and sympatry are terms from biogeography, referring to organisms whose ranges overlap or are even identical, so that they occur together at least in some places....
. Arguing that evolution is a historic process for adaptation
Adaptation

Adaptation is the process, which takes place under natural selection, whereby an organism becomes better suited to its habitat. Also, the term may refer to some characteristic which stands out as being especially significant in the organism's survival....
, he opposes creationism
Creationism

Creationism is the religious belief that humanity, life, the Earth, and the universe were Creation myth in their original form by a deity or deities....
, including intelligent design
Intelligent design

Intelligent design is the term used for the assertion that "certain features of the universe and of life are best explained by an intelligent causality, not an undirected process such as natural selection." It is a modern form of the traditional teleological argument for the existence of God that avoids specifying the nature or identity of th...
. Finally, analyzing numerous animal strategies, Thierry Lodé denies some major genetic explications in sociobiology
Sociobiology

Sociobiology is a Neo-Darwinism synthesis of scientific disciplines that attempts to explain social behavior in all species by considering the evolutionary advantages the behaviors may have....
 and behavioral ecology
Behavioral ecology

Behavioral ecology is the study of the ecology and evolution basis for animal behavior, and the roles of behavior in enabling an animal to adapt to its environment ....
, especially regarding kin selection
Kin selection

Some organisms tend to exhibit strategies that favor the reproductive success of their relatives, even at a cost to their own survival and/or reproduction....
, homosexuality
Homosexuality

Homosexuality refers to human sexual behavior or same-sex attraction between people of the same sex or to homosexual orientation. As a sexual orientation, homosexuality refers to "having sexual and romantic attraction primarily or exclusively to members of one?s own sex"; "it also refers to an individual?s sense of personal and social identi...
 and sympatric speciation
Sympatric speciation

Sympatric and sympatry are terms from biogeography, referring to organisms whose ranges overlap or are even identical, so that they occur together at least in some places....
.

Thierry Lodé proposed that the sexual conflict
Sexual conflict

Sexual conflict occurs when the two sexes have conflicting optimal fitness strategies concerning reproduction, leading to evolutionary arms race between males and females....
, as a new paradigm in evolutionary biology, provides valuable information that refutes most of common places arguments for theories of preference in sexual selection.

Social engagement


Thierry Lodé is a nonconformist biologist, engaged in social struggles and extolling a libertarian biology. Thierry Lodé championed also several human rights causes, especially as an anarchist, prison abolition. He developed activities for the liberty of the contraception, asserting that he is against the institution of the marriage
Marriage

Marriage is a social, spirituality, or law union of individuals. This union may also be called matrimony, while the ceremony that marks its beginning is usually called a wedding and the married status created is sometimes called wedlock....
, for the equality between sexes and for a sexuality stamping contemporary taboos. He supported José Bové
José Bové

Joseph Bov? is a France farmer and syndicalism, member of the alterglobalization, and spokesman for Via Campesina. He was one of the twelve official candidates in the French presidential election, 2007....
 to the last French presidential elections and collaborates to the monthly Monde Libertaire and to the anarchist newspaper l’.

Books


  • Thierry Lodé "La guerre des sexes chez les animaux, une histoire naturelle de la sexualité" 2006 Eds Odile Jacob ISBN 2-7381-1901-8 (Preface by Patricia Adair Gowaty. Distinguished Research Professor Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia.


  • Thierry Lodé "Les stratégies de reproduction des animaux" 2001 Éditions Dunod Masson Sciences
  • Thierry Lodé "Génétique des populations" 1998 Editions Ellipses


External links


  • CNRS


  • EnDehors
    EnDehors

    The Endehors is a French anarchist newspaper, created by Zo d'Axa in 1891.Numerous activists and libertarian people contributed to the paper, including Jean Grave, Bernard Lazare, Albert Libertad, Octave Mirbeau, Saint-Pol-Roux, Tristan Bernard, Georges Darien, Lucien Descaves, S?bastien Faure, F?lix F?n?on, ?mile Henry, Camille Mauclai...