All Topics  
Thermidor

 
Thermidor

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Thermidor
 
 
  Topics Thermidor Topic Home

Thermidor was the eleventh month
Month

The month is a unit of time, used with calendars, which is approximately as long as some natural Orbital period related to the motion of the Moon; month and Moon are cognates....
 in the French Republican Calendar
French Republican Calendar

The French Republican Calendar or French Revolutionary Calendar was a calendar proposed during the French Revolution, and used by the French government for about 12 years from late 1793 to 1805, and for 18 days in 1871 in Paris....
. The month was named after the French
French language

French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
 word thermal which comes from the Greek word "Thermos" which means heat.

Thermidor was the second month of the summer quarter (mois d'été). It started July 19 or July 20. It ended August 17 or August 18. It follows the Messidor
Messidor

Messidor was the tenth month in the French Republican Calendar. The month was named after the Latin word messis, which means harvest.Messidor was the first month of the summer quarter ....
 and precedes the Fructidor
Fructidor

Fructidor was the twelfth month in the French Republican Calendar. The month was named after the Latin word fructus, which means fruit....
. During Year 2, it was sometimes called Fervidor.

Thermidor in Revolution
The Thermidorian Reaction
Thermidorian Reaction

The Thermidorian Reaction was a revolt in the French Revolution against the excesses of the Reign of Terror. It was triggered by a vote of the Committee of Public Safety to execute Maximilien Robespierre, Antoine Louis L?on de Richebourg de Saint-Just and several other leading members of the Terror....
, Revolution of Thermidor, or simply Thermidor refers to the coup of 9 Thermidor (27 July, 1794) in which Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre

Maximilien Fran?ois Marie Isidore de Robespierre is one of the best-known figures of the French Revolution. He was an influential member of the Committee of Public Safety and was instrumental in the period of the Revolution commonly known as the Reign of Terror that ended with his arrest and execution in 1794....
 was guillotine
Guillotine

The guillotine consists of a tall upright frame from which a long, smooth, heavy blade is suspended. This blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the victim's head from his or her body....
d and the Reign of Terror
Reign of Terror

The Reign of Terror or simply The Terror was a period of violence that occurred fifteen months after the onset of the French Revolution, incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobin Club, and marked by mass executions of "enemies of the revolution." Estimates vary widely as to how many were kil...
 ended.

Consequently, for historians of revolutionary movements, the term Thermidor has come to mean the phase in some revolutions when the political pendulum swings back towards something resembling a pre-revolutionary state, and power slips from the hands of the original revolutionary leadership.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Thermidor'
Start a new discussion about 'Thermidor'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


Thermidor was the eleventh month
Month

The month is a unit of time, used with calendars, which is approximately as long as some natural Orbital period related to the motion of the Moon; month and Moon are cognates....
 in the French Republican Calendar
French Republican Calendar

The French Republican Calendar or French Revolutionary Calendar was a calendar proposed during the French Revolution, and used by the French government for about 12 years from late 1793 to 1805, and for 18 days in 1871 in Paris....
. The month was named after the French
French language

French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
 word thermal which comes from the Greek word "Thermos" which means heat.

Thermidor was the second month of the summer quarter (mois d'été). It started July 19 or July 20. It ended August 17 or August 18. It follows the Messidor
Messidor

Messidor was the tenth month in the French Republican Calendar. The month was named after the Latin word messis, which means harvest.Messidor was the first month of the summer quarter ....
 and precedes the Fructidor
Fructidor

Fructidor was the twelfth month in the French Republican Calendar. The month was named after the Latin word fructus, which means fruit....
. During Year 2, it was sometimes called Fervidor.

Thermidor in Revolution


The Thermidorian Reaction
Thermidorian Reaction

The Thermidorian Reaction was a revolt in the French Revolution against the excesses of the Reign of Terror. It was triggered by a vote of the Committee of Public Safety to execute Maximilien Robespierre, Antoine Louis L?on de Richebourg de Saint-Just and several other leading members of the Terror....
, Revolution of Thermidor, or simply Thermidor refers to the coup of 9 Thermidor (27 July, 1794) in which Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre

Maximilien Fran?ois Marie Isidore de Robespierre is one of the best-known figures of the French Revolution. He was an influential member of the Committee of Public Safety and was instrumental in the period of the Revolution commonly known as the Reign of Terror that ended with his arrest and execution in 1794....
 was guillotine
Guillotine

The guillotine consists of a tall upright frame from which a long, smooth, heavy blade is suspended. This blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the victim's head from his or her body....
d and the Reign of Terror
Reign of Terror

The Reign of Terror or simply The Terror was a period of violence that occurred fifteen months after the onset of the French Revolution, incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobin Club, and marked by mass executions of "enemies of the revolution." Estimates vary widely as to how many were kil...
 ended.

Consequently, for historians of revolutionary movements, the term Thermidor has come to mean the phase in some revolutions when the political pendulum swings back towards something resembling a pre-revolutionary state, and power slips from the hands of the original revolutionary leadership. Leon Trotsky
Leon Trotsky

Leon Trotsky , born Lev Davidovich Bronstein , was a Bolshevik revolutionary and Marxism theorist. He was one of the leaders of the Russian October Revolution, second only to Lenin....
, in his book The Revolution Betrayed
The Revolution Betrayed

The Revolution Betrayed is a book by the Russians Bolshevik leader Leon Trotsky, published in 1937, analyzing and criticizing Stalinism and the post-Lenin development in the Soviet Union....
, refers to the rise of Stalin and the accompanying post-revolutionary bureaucracy as the "Soviet Thermidor".

Thermidor in Culture


The Thermidors is a Rock & Roll outfit from Buffalo, New York. The group consists of Nick Mirco, Brian Hyrek, Jimbo Jamboree, and Cameron Spivey.

The food Lobster Thermidor
Lobster Thermidor

Lobster Thermidor is a French cuisine dish consisting of a creamy cheese mixture of cooked lobster meat, egg yolks, and brandy or sherry, stuffed into a lobster shell, and optionally served with an oven-browned cheese crust....
 was named, directly or indirectly, after the month. (Sometimes it is said that it was first prepared for Napoleon during the month of Thermidor; others say that it was created by Tony Girod at the Café de Paris to celebrate the opening of a play called Thermidor.)

Lobster Thermidor was one of the last meals served on the RMS Titanic
RMS Titanic

The Royal Mail Ship Titanic was an Olympic class ocean liner superliner owned by the White Star Line and built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland....
. It was also a menu option presented in the Monty Python
Monty Python

Monty Python is a group of six comedians who created Monty Python's Flying Circus, a British television comedy sketch show that first aired on the BBC on October 5, 1969....
 skit "Spam
Spam (Monty Python)

"Spam" is a popular Monty Python sketch comedy, first televised in 1970. In the sketch, two customers are trying to order a breakfast from a menu that includes the spam in almost every dish....
".

Thermidor is also the name of a story revolving around the end of the French Revolution in Neil Gaiman
Neil Gaiman

Neil Richard Gaiman is an England author of science fiction and fantasy short stories and novels, graphic novels, comics, and films. His notable works include The Sandman comic series, Stardust , American Gods and Coraline....
's The Sandman, issue #29.

"Thermidor" and "Thermidor 2" were robots on Robot Wars.

A man by the name of "Thermidor" is the leader of the ORCA reactionary group in the video game Armored Core: For Answer. Additionally, in the game, ORCA launches a large-scale offensive on "13 Thermidor," as the game narration states that "for many, the chaos began in early July."

Day Name Table

Like all FRC months, Thermidor lasted 30 days and was divided into three 10-day weeks called décades (decades). Every day had the name of an agricultural plant, except the 5th (Quintidi) and 10th day (Decadi) of every decade, which had the name of a domestic animal or an agricultural tool, respectively.

Conversion Table

Table for conversion between Republican and Gregorian Calendar
for the month "Thermidor"
I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
July 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 August
VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. XIII.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
July 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 August


External links