The lion hunts of Amenhotep III during the first ten years of his reign
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The Lion-Hunts of Amenhotep III
Amenhotep III
Amenhotep III also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. According to different authors, he ruled Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC after his father Thutmose IV died...

 During the First Ten Years of his Reign
is one of a group of five historical and commemorative
Commemoration (observance)
Commemorations are a type of religious observance in the Church of England. They are the least significant type of observance, the others being Principal Feasts, Principal Holy Days, Festivals, and Lesser Festivals. Whereas Principal Feasts must be celebrated, it is not obligatory to observe...

 scarab
Scarab artifact
Scarabs were popular amulets in ancient Egypt. According to ancient Egyptian myths, the sun rolls across the sky each day and transforms bodies and souls. Modeled upon the Scarabaeidae family dung beetle, which rolls dung into a ball for the purposes of eating and laying eggs that are later...

s made during the reign of Amenhotep III
Amenhotep III
Amenhotep III also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. According to different authors, he ruled Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC after his father Thutmose IV died...

. The set of five scarabs were presumably used to validate, and proclaim his choice of Tiye
Tiye
Tiye was the daughter of Yuya and Tjuyu . She became the Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III....

 as his wife. (Both were extremely young, not yet teenagers.)

Each of the five scarabs begin with the identical name pronunciation of Amenhotep, and then the addressing of his wife, Tiye.

Scarab specifics

Because the five memorial scarabs were for public dissemination, multiple copies were made and circulated. Kerrigan's book has a photo of the scarab from the Oriental Institute
Oriental Institute
Oriental Institute may refer to a number of institutes of Oriental studies:United States* Oriental Institute, Chicago, part of the University of ChicagoEngland* Oriental Institute, Oxford, part of the University of Oxford...

, Chicago. Budge's reference translates a British Museum
British Museum
The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture in London. Its collections, which number more than seven million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its...

 scarab-(B.M. 4096), of 8 lines of text. The Oriental Institute scarab is also a text of 8 lines, but has minor variations from the British Museum scarab; the scarab is pictured in the section for Tiy's Wedding Scarab, but there is no photo of Tiy's Wedding scarab. Instead they use the photo of Amenhotep's Lion Hunts.

Since copies of the five scarabs were made for dissemination, they have been claimed to be a form of 'public information reading', much like a "news release
News release
A press release, news release, media release, press statement or video release is a written or recorded communication directed at members of the news media for the purpose of announcing something ostensibly newsworthy...

" from a newspaper.

The lion hunt story, line-by-line

The translation of the lion-hunt story in the first 10 years of Amenhotep's reign is:
Amenhotep's name and Tiye's name;
List of the lions brought in His Majesty by
Owl (hieroglyph)
The Ancient Egyptian Owl hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. G17 for the owl-in-profile, but the head faces the observer.The owl hieroglyph is used in the Ancient Egyptian language hieroglyphs for the alphabetic consonant letter m....

 his
Viper (hieroglyph)
The Ancient Egyptian Viper hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. I9 for the viper; the viper is shown in full length extension, with undulations of motion....

 own shooting, beginning with year
Renpet
In the Egyptian language, Renpet was the word for year. Its hieroglyph was figuratively depicted in art as a woman wearing a palm shoot over her head. This figurative woman was often referred to as the mistress of eternity. She is the goddess of springtime and youth in ancient Egyptian history....

 1
-(="renpet") up to
Mouth (hieroglyph)
The Ancient Egyptian Mouth hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. D21 for the shape of the mouth, being open,...

 year X. Lions fierce 102 (!)

List of the 5 scarabs

  1. The Wild-Cattle Hunt by Amenhotep III
    Amenhotep III
    Amenhotep III also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. According to different authors, he ruled Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC after his father Thutmose IV died...

     in the IInd Year of his Reign-(2nd year)
  2. Scarab Giving the Names of the Father and Mother of Queen Ti
    Tiye
    Tiye was the daughter of Yuya and Tjuyu . She became the Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III....

  3. The Lion-Hunts of Amenhotep III
    Amenhotep III
    Amenhotep III also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. According to different authors, he ruled Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC after his father Thutmose IV died...

     During the First Ten Years of his Reign
  4. The Arrival in Egypt of Gilukhipa
    Gilukhipa
    Gilukhipa, or more probable Kilu-Hepa in Hurrian language, in the Egyptian language Kirgipa, was the daughter of Shuttarna II, king of Mitanni. She was the sister of Tushratta , Biria-Waza and Artashumara.-Biography:...

    , the Mitanni
    Mitanni
    Mitanni or Hanigalbat was a loosely organized Hurrian-speaking state in northern Syria and south-east Anatolia from ca. 1500 BC–1300 BC...

    an Bride of Amenhotep III
    Amenhotep III
    Amenhotep III also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. According to different authors, he ruled Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC after his father Thutmose IV died...

    , in the Tenth Year of his Reign
  5. The Construction of a Lake in Western Thebes for Queen Ti
    Tiye
    Tiye was the daughter of Yuya and Tjuyu . She became the Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III....

     by Amenhotep III
    Amenhotep III
    Amenhotep III also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. According to different authors, he ruled Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC after his father Thutmose IV died...

     in the Eleventh Year of his Reign

Complete scarab BM 4096

Introduction with wife Tiye, and entire 8 lines of scarab BM 4096:
"Horus
Horus
Horus is one of the oldest and most significant deities in the Ancient Egyptian religion, who was worshipped from at least the late Predynastic period through to Greco-Roman times. Different forms of Horus are recorded in history and these are treated as distinct gods by Egyptologists...

 the living one, bull mighty diademed
Sun rising-Coronation (hieroglyph)
The ancient Egyptian "Rising sun" hieroglyph is one of the oldest language hieroglyphs from Ancient Egypt. It was used by Pharaoh Khasekhemwy- of the 2nd dynasty in composing his name...

(crowned) with
Owl (hieroglyph)
The Ancient Egyptian Owl hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. G17 for the owl-in-profile, but the head faces the observer.The owl hieroglyph is used in the Ancient Egyptian language hieroglyphs for the alphabetic consonant letter m....

 Maat(Truth), Nebty-(Two Ladies
Two Ladies
In Ancient Egyptian texts, Two Ladies is a religious euphemism for Wadjet and Nekhbet, the deities who were the patrons of the Ancient Egyptians and worshiped by all after the unification of its two parts, Lower Egypt, and Upper Egypt...

), Stablisher of laws, pacifier of the Two Land
Upper and Lower Egypt
Ancient Egypt was divided into two regions, namely Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. To the north was Lower Egypt where the Nile stretched out with its several branches to form the Nile Delta. To the south was Upper Egypt, stretching to Syene. The two kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt were united c....

s, Horus of
Fivefold Titulary
The royal titulary or royal protocol of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. It symbolises worldly power and holy might and also acts as a sort of mission statement for the reign of a monarch .The full titulary, consisting of five names, did not...

 Gold
Gold (hieroglyph)
The ancient Egyptian Gold hieroglyph is a member of the crowns, dress, staves hieroglyphs. Its major importance is as one of the Fivefold Titulary names of the Egyptian pharaoh, the Horus of Gold name....

, Mighty of Thigh, Smiter of the Nomads, King of the South and the North
Upper and Lower Egypt
Ancient Egypt was divided into two regions, namely Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. To the north was Lower Egypt where the Nile stretched out with its several branches to form the Nile Delta. To the south was Upper Egypt, stretching to Syene. The two kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt were united c....

, Neb-Maat-Ra, Son of Amenhotep
Amenhotep II
Amenhotep II was the seventh Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt. Amenhotep inherited a vast kingdom from his father Thutmose III, and held it by means of a few military campaigns in Syria; however, he fought much less than his father, and his reign saw the effective cessation of hostilities...

, Governor of Thebes
Thebes, Egypt
Thebes is the Greek name for a city in Ancient Egypt located about 800 km south of the Mediterranean, on the east bank of the river Nile within the modern city of Luxor. The Theban Necropolis is situated nearby on the west bank of the Nile.-History:...

, Given Life, King's Woman, Tiye
Tiye
Tiye was the daughter of Yuya and Tjuyu . She became the Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III....

, Living One-("Living One, Like Ra", Ra not on this scarab); (in Tut's reign for Ankhesenamun
Ankhesenamun
Ankhesenamun was a queen of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. Born as Ankhesenpaaten, she was the third of six known daughters of the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten and his Great Royal Wife Nefertiti, and became the Great Royal Wife of her cousin Tutankhamun. The change in her name reflects the changes...

, "May She Live")

List of the lions brought in His Majesty by
Owl (hieroglyph)
The Ancient Egyptian Owl hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. G17 for the owl-in-profile, but the head faces the observer.The owl hieroglyph is used in the Ancient Egyptian language hieroglyphs for the alphabetic consonant letter m....

 his
Viper (hieroglyph)
The Ancient Egyptian Viper hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. I9 for the viper; the viper is shown in full length extension, with undulations of motion....

 own shooting, beginning with year
Renpet
In the Egyptian language, Renpet was the word for year. Its hieroglyph was figuratively depicted in art as a woman wearing a palm shoot over her head. This figurative woman was often referred to as the mistress of eternity. She is the goddess of springtime and youth in ancient Egyptian history....

 1 up to
Mouth (hieroglyph)
The Ancient Egyptian Mouth hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. D21 for the shape of the mouth, being open,...

 year X. Lions fierce 102 (!)
"



Other scarabs with this title have variations of what hieroglyphs are added or omitted because of the multiple copies made of this scarab series. (The Two Ladies
Two Ladies
In Ancient Egyptian texts, Two Ladies is a religious euphemism for Wadjet and Nekhbet, the deities who were the patrons of the Ancient Egyptians and worshiped by all after the unification of its two parts, Lower Egypt, and Upper Egypt...

are goddesses/gods of the South and North.)
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