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The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner

 

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The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner



 
 
The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner: Written by Himself. With a detail of curious traditionary facts and other evidence by the editor was published by the Scottish
Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
 author James Hogg
James Hogg

James Hogg was a Scotland poet and novelist who wrote in both Scots language and English language....
 in 1824. Considered in turn a Gothic novel
Gothic fiction

Gothic fiction is a genre of literature that combines elements of both Horror fiction and Romance . As a genre, it is generally believed to have been invented by the English author Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford, with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto....
, a psychological case study of an unreliable narrator
Unreliable narrator

In fiction an unreliable narrator is a narrator whose credibility has been seriously compromised. The use of this type of narrator is called unreliable narration and is a narrative mode that can be developed by the author for a number of reasons, though usually to make a negative statement about the narrator....
, and an examination of totalitarian thought, the ultimately unclassifiable novel
Novel

File:2009 stapelweise Neuerscheinungen im Buchladen.JPGA novel is today a long narrative in literary prose. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern Romance and in the tradition of the novella....
, set in a pseudo-Christian
Christian

A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism#Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus and interpreted by Christians to have been prophesied in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament....
 world of angel
Ángel

?ngel is the third single from Belinda Peregr?n's debut album: Belinda. It was a massive hit in Mexico and an international hit for Belinda....
s, devil
Devil

The Devil is the title given to the supernatural being, who, in mainstream Christianity, Islam, and some other religions, is believed to be a powerful, evil entity and the tempter of humankind....
s, and demonic possession
Demonic possession

Demonic possession is often the term used to describe the control over a human form by Satan himself or one of his assigned advocates. Descriptions of demonic possessions often include: erased memories or personalities, convulsions, ?fits? and fainting as if one were dying....
. It has been the subject of increasing critical attention in recent years, and has received wide acclaim for its probing quest into the nature of religious fanaticism
Religious fanaticism

Religious fanaticism can be defined as fanaticism related to a person's, or a group's, devotion to a religion. However, Religious Fanaticism is a subjective evaluation defined by the culture context that is performing the evaluation....
 and Calvinist predestination
Predestination

Predestination is a religion concept, which involves the relationship between God and His creation. The religious character of predestination distinguishes it from other ideas about determinism and free will....
.

It is written in a mixture of Scots
Scots language

Scots or Lowland Scots refers to the Germanic Variety derived from Middle English spoken in parts of Lowland Scotland, Northern Ireland and the border areas of the Republic of Ireland....
 and English
English language

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
, with Scots mainly appearing in dialogue.

he surface, this novel is a simple tale of a young man who encounters a shape-shifting devil, an early manifestation of a doppelganger, and the various misadventures that follow.






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The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner: Written by Himself. With a detail of curious traditionary facts and other evidence by the editor was published by the Scottish
Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
 author James Hogg
James Hogg

James Hogg was a Scotland poet and novelist who wrote in both Scots language and English language....
 in 1824. Considered in turn a Gothic novel
Gothic fiction

Gothic fiction is a genre of literature that combines elements of both Horror fiction and Romance . As a genre, it is generally believed to have been invented by the English author Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford, with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto....
, a psychological case study of an unreliable narrator
Unreliable narrator

In fiction an unreliable narrator is a narrator whose credibility has been seriously compromised. The use of this type of narrator is called unreliable narration and is a narrative mode that can be developed by the author for a number of reasons, though usually to make a negative statement about the narrator....
, and an examination of totalitarian thought, the ultimately unclassifiable novel
Novel

File:2009 stapelweise Neuerscheinungen im Buchladen.JPGA novel is today a long narrative in literary prose. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern Romance and in the tradition of the novella....
, set in a pseudo-Christian
Christian

A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism#Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus and interpreted by Christians to have been prophesied in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament....
 world of angel
Ángel

?ngel is the third single from Belinda Peregr?n's debut album: Belinda. It was a massive hit in Mexico and an international hit for Belinda....
s, devil
Devil

The Devil is the title given to the supernatural being, who, in mainstream Christianity, Islam, and some other religions, is believed to be a powerful, evil entity and the tempter of humankind....
s, and demonic possession
Demonic possession

Demonic possession is often the term used to describe the control over a human form by Satan himself or one of his assigned advocates. Descriptions of demonic possessions often include: erased memories or personalities, convulsions, ?fits? and fainting as if one were dying....
. It has been the subject of increasing critical attention in recent years, and has received wide acclaim for its probing quest into the nature of religious fanaticism
Religious fanaticism

Religious fanaticism can be defined as fanaticism related to a person's, or a group's, devotion to a religion. However, Religious Fanaticism is a subjective evaluation defined by the culture context that is performing the evaluation....
 and Calvinist predestination
Predestination

Predestination is a religion concept, which involves the relationship between God and His creation. The religious character of predestination distinguishes it from other ideas about determinism and free will....
.

It is written in a mixture of Scots
Scots language

Scots or Lowland Scots refers to the Germanic Variety derived from Middle English spoken in parts of Lowland Scotland, Northern Ireland and the border areas of the Republic of Ireland....
 and English
English language

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
, with Scots mainly appearing in dialogue.

Plot introduction

On the surface, this novel is a simple tale of a young man who encounters a shape-shifting devil, an early manifestation of a doppelganger, and the various misadventures that follow. The devilish figure, known only to the reader and Robert Wringhim (sometimes 'Wringham') himself as "Gil-Martin," appears to Robert after being told that he is one of the Elect, a group of people predestined for salvation. Based on this assumption, Wringhim is coerced by Gil-Martin into murders and other crimes.

Literary style

The novel's use of conflicting accounts of events as well as the questioning of a single truth about historical events or a single rational world view has led some critics to see it as anticipating ideas associated with postmodernism
Postmodernism

Postmodernism literally means 'after the modernist movement'. While "modern" itself refers to something "related to the present", the movement of modernism and the following reaction of postmodernism are defined by a set of perspectives....
. The first person narrative of Robert Wringhim, which comprises the middle section of the novel, is purported to be a manuscript found in the grave of a suicide's remains. This narrative is preceded by an "Editor's Narrative," a factual description of folklore and local tradition. The final section of the novel describes the exhumation of the suicide's remains and the discovery of the manuscript. The various narratives offer contradictory explanations for the events of the novel, which primarily revolve around the murder of Robert's estranged brother, George Colwan. Each progressive narrative reveals more about the story of the murder and the circumstances surrounding it.

Influence

The novel has been cited as an inspiration for Robert Louis Stevenson
Robert Louis Stevenson

Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson , was a Scottish novelist, poet, essayist and Travel writing. Stevenson was greatly admired by many authors, including Jorge Luis Borges, Ernest Hemingway, Rudyard Kipling, Vladimir Nabokov, J....
's The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde

Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a novella written by the Scotland author Robert Louis Stevenson and first published in 1886. It is about a London lawyer who investigates strange occurrences between his old friend, Dr....
, which examines the duality of good and evil.

Eve Sedgwick, in her book Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire, views Robert Wringhim's character as failing to successfully negotiate the demands of the configuration of male homosocial desire existing in his society by being too manifest in his desire for other men.

The novel Gilchrist (1995) by Maurice Leitch is a reworking of Confessions in a contemporary Northern Ireland setting, with a central character loosely based on Ian Paisley
Ian Paisley

Ian Richard Kyle Paisley , styled The Rt Hon. The Revd Ian Paisley and also known as Dr Ian Paisley, is a veteran politician and church minister in Northern Ireland....
.

The main character of James Hynes
James Hynes

James Hynes is an United States novelist. He was born in Okemos, Michigan, and grew up in Big Rapids, Michigan. He lived for many years in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and currently resides in Austin, Texas, where he has taught creative writing at the University of Texas at Austin....
' novel The Lecturer's Tale is a Hogg scholar. He wanted to write his dissertation on guilt and predestination in The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner, but ended up writing on the more fashionable Conrad. The Lecturer's Tale is also a gothic horror novel.

External links

  • , at Project Gutenberg.
  • , by Louise Norlie.
  • Ian Rankin
    Ian Rankin

    Ian Rankin Order of the British Empire, Deputy Lieutenant, is a Scotland crime writer. His best known books are the Inspector Rebus novels....
    's