The Fugs
Encyclopedia
The Fugs are a band formed in New York
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...

 in late 1964 by poets Ed Sanders
Ed Sanders
Ed Sanders is an American poet, singer, social activist, environmentalist, author and publisher and has been a longtime member of the band The Fugs. He has been called a bridge between the Beat and Hippie generations.-Biography:...

 and Tuli Kupferberg
Tuli Kupferberg
Naphtali "Tuli" Kupferberg was an American counterculture poet, author, cartoonist, pacifist anarchist, publisher and co-founder of the band The Fugs.-Biography:...

, with Ken Weaver
Ken Weaver (musician)
Ken Weaver is an American singer, songwriter and musician. Born on Galveston Island, Texas, he grew up in El Campo and went on to be a Russian translator for the Air Force. A drummer, Weaver joined Ed Sanders and Tuli Kupferberg to form the rock band The Fugs in 1964...

 on drums. Soon afterward, they were joined by Peter Stampfel and Steve Weber of the Holy Modal Rounders
Holy Modal Rounders
The Holy Modal Rounders were an American folk music duo from the Lower East Side of New York City which started in the early 1960s, consisting of Peter Stampfel and Steve Weber. Their unique blend of folk music revival and psychedelia gave them a cult-like following from the late 1960s into the 1970s...

. Kupferberg named the band from a euphemism
Euphemism
A euphemism is the substitution of a mild, inoffensive, relatively uncontroversial phrase for another more frank expression that might offend or otherwise suggest something unpleasant to the audience...

 for "fuck
Fuck
"Fuck" is an English word that is generally considered obscene which, in its most literal meaning, refers to the act of sexual intercourse. By extension it may be used to negatively characterize anything that can be dismissed, disdained, defiled, or destroyed."Fuck" can be used as a verb, adverb,...

" used in Norman Mailer
Norman Mailer
Norman Kingsley Mailer was an American novelist, journalist, essayist, poet, playwright, screenwriter, and film director.Along with Truman Capote, Joan Didion, Hunter S...

's novel, The Naked and the Dead
The Naked and the Dead
The Naked and the Dead is a 1948 novel by Norman Mailer. It was based on his experiences with the 112th Cavalry Regiment during the Philippines Campaign in World War II...

.

Band history

The band's original core members, Ed Sanders
Ed Sanders
Ed Sanders is an American poet, singer, social activist, environmentalist, author and publisher and has been a longtime member of the band The Fugs. He has been called a bridge between the Beat and Hippie generations.-Biography:...

, Tuli Kupferberg
Tuli Kupferberg
Naphtali "Tuli" Kupferberg was an American counterculture poet, author, cartoonist, pacifist anarchist, publisher and co-founder of the band The Fugs.-Biography:...

, and Ken Weaver
Ken Weaver (musician)
Ken Weaver is an American singer, songwriter and musician. Born on Galveston Island, Texas, he grew up in El Campo and went on to be a Russian translator for the Air Force. A drummer, Weaver joined Ed Sanders and Tuli Kupferberg to form the rock band The Fugs in 1964...

, were joined at various times in the 1960s by a number of others, some of whom were noted session musicians or members of other bands. These included Weber and Stampfel, bassist John Anderson, guitarist Vinny Leary, guitarist Peter Kearney, keyboardist Lee Crabtree, guitarist Jon Kalb, guitarist Stefan Grossman
Stefan Grossman
Stefan Grossman is an American acoustic fingerstyle guitarist and singer, music producer and educator, and co-founder of Kicking Mule records.-Early life and influences:Born in Brooklyn, New York, to Herbert and Ruth Grossman...

, singer/guitarist Jake Jacobs, guitarist Eric Gale
Eric Gale
Eric J. Gale was a leading American jazz and session guitarist.Born in Brooklyn, New York, Gale began playing guitar at the age of 12. Although he majored in chemistry at Niagara University, Gale was determined to pursue a musical career, and began contributing to accompaniments for such stars as...

, bassist Chuck Rainey
Chuck Rainey
Chuck Rainey, is an American bass guitar session musician, known for playing with many well-known American musicians and acts, including Donald Byrd, Steely Dan, Quincy Jones, and Aretha Franklin.-Biography:Rainey's youthful pursuits included violin, piano and trumpet...

, keyboardist Robert Banks, bassist Charles Larkey, guitarist Ken Pine, guitarist Danny Kortchmar
Danny Kortchmar
Danny "Kootch" Kortchmar is a guitarist, session musician, and songwriter. Kortchmar's work with singer-songwriters such as David Crosby, Carole King, Graham Nash, Carly Simon and James Taylor helped define the signature sound of the singer-songwriter era of the 1970s...

, clarinetist Perry Robinson
Perry Robinson
Perry Morris Robinson is an American jazz clarinetist and composer. He is the son of the noted composer Earl Robinson. -Biography:...

, and drummer Bill Wolf.

For most of the last twenty-five years, The Fugs have been composed of primary singer/songwriters Sanders and, until his death, Kupferberg; composer, song writer, guitarist and long-time Allen Ginsberg
Allen Ginsberg
Irwin Allen Ginsberg was an American poet and one of the leading figures of the Beat Generation in the 1950s. He vigorously opposed militarism, materialism and sexual repression...

-collaborator Steven Taylor; singer/songwriter and percussionist Coby Batty; and Scott Petito, a musician and music producer.

A satirical and self-satirizing rock band with a political slant, they have performed at various war protests — against the Vietnam War and since the 1980s at events around other U.S. involved wars. The band's often frank and almost always humorous lyrics about sex, drugs, and politics have caused a hostile reaction in some quarters.

Their participation in a protest against the Vietnam War in the late 1960s, during which they purportedly attempted to encircle and levitate the Pentagon, is chronicled in Norman Mailer
Norman Mailer
Norman Kingsley Mailer was an American novelist, journalist, essayist, poet, playwright, screenwriter, and film director.Along with Truman Capote, Joan Didion, Hunter S...

's novel, Armies of the Night
Armies of the Night
The Armies of the Night is a Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award-winning nonfiction novel written by Norman Mailer and sub-titled History as a Novel/The Novel as History. Mailer essentially creates his own genre for the narrative, split into historicized and novelized accounts of the October...

.

One of their better-known songs is an adaptation of Matthew Arnold
Matthew Arnold
Matthew Arnold was a British poet and cultural critic who worked as an inspector of schools. He was the son of Thomas Arnold, the famed headmaster of Rugby School, and brother to both Tom Arnold, literary professor, and William Delafield Arnold, novelist and colonial administrator...

's poem, Dover Beach
Dover Beach
"Dover Beach" is a short lyric poem by the English poet Matthew Arnold. It was first published in 1867 in the collection New Poems, but surviving notes indicate its composition may have begun as early as 1849...

. Others were renditions of William Blake
William Blake
William Blake was an English poet, painter, and printmaker. Largely unrecognised during his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of both the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age...

's poems: Ah! Sun-flower
Ah, Sunflower
"Ah Sunflower" is a poem written by the English poet William Blake. It was published as part of his collection Songs of Experience in 1794. Ed Sanders of The Fugs set the poem to music and recorded it on The Fugs First Album in 1965...

and How Sweet I Roam'd.

After pursuing individual projects over the years, in 1984 Sanders and Kupferberg decided to reform the band and stage a series of Fugs reunion concerts. On Wednesday, August 15, 1988 at the Byrdcliff Barn in Woodstock, New York, the Fugs performed one of their first real reunion concerts. This incarnation of the Fugs included, at various times, guitarist and singer Steve Taylor who was also Allen Ginsberg
Allen Ginsberg
Irwin Allen Ginsberg was an American poet and one of the leading figures of the Beat Generation in the 1950s. He vigorously opposed militarism, materialism and sexual repression...

's teaching assistant at the Naropa Institute, drummer and singer Coby Batty, bassist Mark Kramer
Mark Kramer
Mark Kramer , known professionally as Kramer, is a musician, composer, record producer and founder of the New York City record label Shimmy-Disc...

, guitarist Vinny Leary (who had contributed to the first two original Fugs albums), and bassist/keyboardist Scott Petito. The re-formed Fugs performed concerts at numerous locations in the U.S. and Europe over the next several years.

In 1994 the band intended to perform a series of concerts in Woodstock, New York
Woodstock, New York
Woodstock is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 5,884 at the 2010 census, down from 6,241 at the 2000 census.The Town of Woodstock is in the northern part of the county...

, (where Sanders had lived for many years) to commemorate the 1969 Woodstock Festival
Woodstock Festival
Woodstock Music & Art Fair was a music festival, billed as "An Aquarian Exposition: 3 Days of Peace & Music". It was held at Max Yasgur's 600-acre dairy farm in the Catskills near the hamlet of White Lake in the town of Bethel, New York, from August 15 to August 18, 1969...

, which had actually occurred near the town of Bethel, some 50 miles away. They learned that a group of promoters were planning to stage Woodstock '94
Woodstock '94
Woodstock '94, often called the "commercial Woodstock" or "Mudstock", was a music festival organized to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the original Woodstock Festival of 1969...

 that August near Saugerties, about 8 miles from Woodstock, and that this festival would be much more tightly controlled and commercialized than the original. Consequently The Fugs decided to stage their own August 1994 concerts as "The Real Woodstock Festival", in an atmosphere more in keeping with the spirit of the 1969 festival. The basic Fugs roster of Sanders, Kupferberg, Taylor, Batty, and Petito performed in this series of concerts with additional vocal support from Amy Fradon and Leslie Ritter and also with appearances by Allen Ginsberg
Allen Ginsberg
Irwin Allen Ginsberg was an American poet and one of the leading figures of the Beat Generation in the 1950s. He vigorously opposed militarism, materialism and sexual repression...

 and Country Joe McDonald
Country Joe McDonald
Country Joe McDonald is an American musician who was the lead singer of the 1960s psychedelic rock group Country Joe and the Fish.-Personal life:...

. In 2003, the group released The Fugs Final CD (Part 1) with positive feedback. In 2004, The Fugs began to record their last CD, Be Free: The Fugs Final CD (Part 2).

In 2008 their song "CIA Man" is featured in the movie Burn After Reading
Burn After Reading
Burn After Reading is a 2008 black comedy film written, produced, and directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. The film stars George Clooney, John Malkovich, Frances McDormand, Tilda Swinton, and Brad Pitt. It was released in the United States on September 12, 2008, and it was released on October 17, 2008...

by the Coen brothers
Coen Brothers
Joel David Coen and Ethan Jesse Coen known together professionally as the Coen brothers, are American filmmakers...

. In 2009, Kupferberg suffered two stroke
Stroke
A stroke, previously known medically as a cerebrovascular accident , is the rapidly developing loss of brain function due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. This can be due to ischemia caused by blockage , or a hemorrhage...

s, the latter of which severely hindered his eyesight. He was under constant care, but was able to finish recording his tracks for Be Free in his New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...

 apartment. A benefit for Kupferberg was held in Brooklyn
Brooklyn
Brooklyn is the most populous of New York City's five boroughs, with nearly 2.6 million residents, and the second-largest in area. Since 1896, Brooklyn has had the same boundaries as Kings County, which is now the most populous county in New York State and the second-most densely populated...

, New York in February 2010, featuring all of the Fugs minus Kupferberg, as well as Lou Reed
Lou Reed
Lewis Allan "Lou" Reed is an American rock musician, songwriter, and photographer. He is best known as guitarist, vocalist, and principal songwriter of The Velvet Underground, and for his successful solo career, which has spanned several decades...

, Sonic Youth
Sonic Youth
Sonic Youth is an American alternative rock band from New York City, formed in 1981. The current lineup consists of Thurston Moore , Kim Gordon , Lee Ranaldo , Steve Shelley , and Mark Ibold .In their early career, Sonic Youth was associated with the No Wave art and music scene in New York City...

, Patti Smith Group guitarist Lenny Kaye
Lenny Kaye
Lenny Kaye is an American guitarist, composer and writer who is best known as a member of the Patti Smith Group.- Early life :...

, and others. Be Free: The Fugs Final CD (Part 2) was released on February 23, 2010. The album art featured a snail reading Allen Ginsberg
Allen Ginsberg
Irwin Allen Ginsberg was an American poet and one of the leading figures of the Beat Generation in the 1950s. He vigorously opposed militarism, materialism and sexual repression...

's poem Howl
Howl
"Howl" is a poem written by Allen Ginsberg in 1955 and published as part of his 1956 collection of poetry titled Howl and Other Poems. The poem is considered to be one of the great works of the Beat Generation, along with Jack Kerouac's On the Road and William S. Burroughs's Naked Lunch...

, and was designed by Ed Sanders. The album was produced by Steve Taylor and Ed Sanders.

Kupferberg died on July 12, 2010 in Manhattan
Manhattan
Manhattan is the oldest and the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on the island of Manhattan at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York...

, at the age of 86. In 2008, in one of his last interviews, he told MOJO Magazine
Mojo (magazine)
MOJO is a popular music magazine published initially by Emap, and since January 2008 by Bauer, monthly in the United Kingdom. Following the success of the magazine Q, publishers Emap were looking for a title which would cater for the burgeoning interest in classic rock music...

, "Nobody who lived through the '50s thought the '60s could've existed. So there's always hope."

Primary lineups

The Fugs went through a number of lineup changes. Below are those that lasted the longest. For instance, guitarist Stefan Grossman was with the band for only several weeks, so this lineup is not included.

January - June 1965
  • Kendell Kardt - vocals
  • Tuli Kupferberg
    Tuli Kupferberg
    Naphtali "Tuli" Kupferberg was an American counterculture poet, author, cartoonist, pacifist anarchist, publisher and co-founder of the band The Fugs.-Biography:...

    - vocals
  • Ed Sanders
    Ed Sanders
    Ed Sanders is an American poet, singer, social activist, environmentalist, author and publisher and has been a longtime member of the band The Fugs. He has been called a bridge between the Beat and Hippie generations.-Biography:...

    - vocals
  • Ken Weaver
    Ken Weaver (musician)
    Ken Weaver is an American singer, songwriter and musician. Born on Galveston Island, Texas, he grew up in El Campo and went on to be a Russian translator for the Air Force. A drummer, Weaver joined Ed Sanders and Tuli Kupferberg to form the rock band The Fugs in 1964...

    - vocals, conga
  • Steve Weber - guitar, vocals
  • Peter Stampfel - fiddle, harmonica, vocals


Summer 1965
  • Tuli Kupferberg - vocals, percussion
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Ken Weaver - drums, vocals
  • Steve Weber - guitar, vocals
  • Vinny Leary - guitar, vocals
  • John Anderson - bass, vocals


September - December 1965
  • Tuli Kupferberg - vocals, percussion
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Ken Weaver - drums, vocals
  • Steve Weber - guitar, vocals


December 1965 - July 1966
  • Tuli Kupferberg - vocals
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Ken Weaver - drums, vocals
  • Lee Crabtree - keyboards, percussion
  • Vinny Leary - guitar, vocals
  • John Anderson - bass, vocals
  • Pete Kearney - guitar, vocals


July - October 1966
  • Tuli Kupferberg - vocals
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Ken Weaver - drums, vocals
  • Lee Crabtree - keyboards, percussion
  • Jon Kalb - lead guitar
  • Vinny Leary - rhythm guitar, vocals
  • John Anderson - bass, vocals


October 1966 - Spring 1967
  • Tuli Kupferberg - vocals
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Ken Weaver - drums, vocals
  • Lee Crabtree - keyboards, percussion
  • Jake Jacobs - guitar, vocals
  • Chuck Rainey - bass


Summer 1967 - Summer 1968
  • Tuli Kupferberg - vocals
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Ken Weaver - drums, vocals
  • Ken Pine - guitar, vocals
  • Danny Kortchmar
    Danny Kortchmar
    Danny "Kootch" Kortchmar is a guitarist, session musician, and songwriter. Kortchmar's work with singer-songwriters such as David Crosby, Carole King, Graham Nash, Carly Simon and James Taylor helped define the signature sound of the singer-songwriter era of the 1970s...

     - guitar, violin
  • Charles Larkey - bass


Winter 1968 - March 1969
  • Tuli Kupferberg - vocals
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Ken Weaver - drums, vocals
  • Ken Pine - guitar, vocals
  • Bill Wolf - bass, vocals
  • Bob Mason - drums


1985–2010
  • Tuli Kupferberg - vocals
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Steve Taylor - vocals, guitar
  • Coby Batty - drums, percussion, vocals
  • Scott Petito - bass, keyboards


2010–present
  • Ed Sanders - vocals
  • Steve Taylor - vocals, guitar
  • Coby Batty - drums, percussion, vocals
  • Scott Petito - bass, keyboards

Discography

  • The Village Fugs Sing Ballads of Contemporary Protest, Point of Views [sic], and General Dissatisfaction 1965, Broadside 304, Folkways FW 05304. Re-released 1966 on ESP-1018 as The Fugs First Album
    The Fugs First Album
    The Fugs First Album is the 1965 debut album by The Fugs, described in their All Music profile as "arguably the first underground rock group of all time". In 1966, the album charted #142 on Billboard's "Top Pop Albums" chart...

    (with alternate takes/edits of at least three songs and stronger language); ESP version re-released on CD by Fantasy as The Fugs First Album 1994
  • The Fugs
    The Fugs (album)
    The Fugs is a 1966 album by The Fugs, described in their All Music profile as "arguably the first underground rock group of all time". The album charted #95 on Billboard's "Top Pop Albums" chart...

    1966, ESP-1028; re-released on CD by Fantasy as The Fugs Second Album 1994
  • Virgin Fugs
    Virgin Fugs
    Virgin Fugs is a 1967 album by The Fugs. While it is their third released album, it consists of outtakes from the two 1965 sessions for their first album, The Village Fugs . While that album emphasized the second recording session, this compilation favors the first, making this arguably their...

    ESP-1038, (possibly unauthorized—outtakes from first album sessions) 1967
  • Tenderness Junction
    Tenderness Junction
    Tenderness Junction is a 1968 studio album by The Fugs, a band formed in 1964 by anti-war musician/poets Ed Sanders, Tuli Kupferberg and Ken Weaver. It was released in the U.S. by record company Reprise...

    Reprise, 1968
  • It Crawled into My Hand, Honest
    It Crawled into My Hand, Honest
    It Crawled into My Hand, Honest is the second 1968 studio album by The Fugs, a band composed of anti-war poets. It was released in the USA by record company Reprise...

    Reprise, 1968
  • The Belle of Avenue A
    The Belle of Avenue A
    The Belle Of Avenue A is a 1969 studio album by The Fugs, a band composed of anti-war poets. It was released in the USA by record company Reprise...

    Reprise, 1969
  • Golden Filth (Live at the Fillmore East) Reprise, 1970
  • Fugs 4, Rounders Score
    Fugs 4, Rounders Score
    Fugs 4, Rounders Score is a 1975 compilation album of material by The Fugs and The Holy Modal Rounders, including seven previously unreleased performances from the Fugs' first recording session , when the Rounders were members of the Fugs' band...

    ESP-2018 (unauthorized split compilation album with Holy Modal Rounders
    Holy Modal Rounders
    The Holy Modal Rounders were an American folk music duo from the Lower East Side of New York City which started in the early 1960s, consisting of Peter Stampfel and Steve Weber. Their unique blend of folk music revival and psychedelia gave them a cult-like following from the late 1960s into the 1970s...

    ) recorded 1965-6, released 1975
  • Refuse to Be Burnt Out (Live reunion) 1984
  • No More Slavery (Studio album) 1985
  • Star Peace (two disk set, an opera) 1986
  • Fugs Live in Woodstock 1989
  • Songs from a Portable Forest (best of 1980s reunions) 1992
  • Fugs Live From The 60s Ace, 1994
  • The Real Woodstock Festival (2 CD set) 1995
  • The Fugs Final CD (Part 1) 2003
  • Be Free: The Fugs Final CD (Part 2) 2010

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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