Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
Encyclopedia
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. , is an international pharmaceutical company
Pharmaceutical company
The pharmaceutical industry develops, produces, and markets drugs licensed for use as medications. Pharmaceutical companies are allowed to deal in generic and/or brand medications and medical devices...

 headquartered in Petah Tikva
Petah Tikva
Petah Tikva known as Em HaMoshavot , is a city in the Center District of Israel, east of Tel Aviv.According to the Central Bureau of Statistics, at the end of 2009, the city's population stood at 209,600. The population density is approximately...

, Israel. It specializes in generic
Generic drug
A generic drug is a drug defined as "a drug product that is comparable to brand/reference listed drug product in dosage form, strength, route of administration, quality and performance characteristics, and intended use." It has also been defined as a term referring to any drug marketed under its...

 and proprietary pharmaceuticals and active pharmaceutical ingredients. It is the largest generic drug
Medication
A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine, medication or medicament, can be loosely defined as any chemical substance intended for use in the medical diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of disease.- Classification :...

 manufacturer in the world and one of the 15 largest pharmaceutical companies worldwide.

Teva's facilities are located in Israel, North America, Europe, and Latin America. , Teva is the tenth largest company by market capitalization on the Nasdaq just behind Gilead Sciences
Gilead Sciences
Gilead Sciences is a biopharmaceutical company that discovers, develops and commercializes therapeutics. For many years since the company was founded, the company concentrated primarily on antiviral drugs to treat patients infected with HIV, hepatitis B or influenza. In 2006, Gilead acquired two...

, and is a member of both the NASDAQ-100
NASDAQ-100
The NASDAQ-100 is a stock market index of 100 of the largest non-financial companies listed on the NASDAQ. It is a modified capitalization-weighted index. The companies' weights in the index are based on their market capitalizations, with certain rules capping the influence of the largest components...

 and TA-25 Index (in which it represents 9.5% of the total Index value).

Eli Hurwitz was the CEO of Teva from 1976 to 2002, and chairman of the board until his death in 2011.

History

Teva's earliest predecessor was Salomon, Levin, and Elstein Ltd., a wholesale distributor based in Jerusalem that was founded in 1901. During the 1930s, new immigrants from Europe founded several pharmaceutical companies including Teva ("Nature" in Hebrew), Assia, and Zori. In 1951, Teva raised capital through the newly founded Tel-Aviv Stock Exchange.

In 1964, Assia and Zori merged and acquired a controlling interest in Teva. In 1976, these three companies merged into the modern Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. In 1980, Teva continued to follow its vision of becoming one of the world's biggest pharmaceutical companies by acquiring Ikapharm, then Israel's second largest drug manufacturer.

In 1982, Teva was granted approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for its Kfar Sava manufacturing plant, an essential milestone for marketing pharmaceuticals in the USA.

In 2005, Teva opened a new, state-of-the-art pharmaceutical manufacturing plant in Har Hotzvim
Har Hotzvim
Har Hotzvim , also Campus of Science-Rich Industries is a high-tech industrial park located in northwest Jerusalem, Israel. It is the city's main zone for science-based and technology industries, among them Intel, Teva, Amdocs, NDS, Ophir Optronics, Sandvine, Radware and IDT Global Israel...

, a technology park in Jerusalem. The plant received FDA approval in early 2007. Teva entered the Japanese market in 2005, and in 2008 established a generics joint venture
Joint venture
A joint venture is a business agreement in which parties agree to develop, for a finite time, a new entity and new assets by contributing equity. They exercise control over the enterprise and consequently share revenues, expenses and assets...

 with Kowa.

In 2008, sales totalled $11.08 billion, $13.9 billion in 2009, and in 2010 total sales rose to $16.1 billion, of which a major portion was in Europe and North America. Teva acquired its U.S. rival Ivax Corporation
Ivax Corporation
IVAX Corporation was a Miami, Florida, United States public corporation focused on manufacturing and distributing generic pharmaceutical products.-History:...

 in January 2006, Barr in 2007 and Ratiopharm in 2010.

In 2010, Teva announced that it would be building its main distribution center for the Americas in Philadelphia, PA and was considering opening its US headquarters in the area.
In 2010, it had 39,660 employees. In Israel, the number of workers rose 7.5% to 6,774. In March 2010, Teva acquired German-based company Ratiopharm
Ratiopharm
Ratiopharm is a German pharmaceutical company that is Europe's leading generics brand.Ratiopharm was owned by Adolf Merckle and makes generic Pharmaceuticals. They are based in Ulm, Germany and products being distributed in over 35 countries worldwide....

 in a nearly $5 billion deal, significantly expanding its European coverage. In May 2011 Teva announced it will purchase Cephalon
Cephalon
Cephalon, Inc. is a U.S. biopharmaceutical company co-founded in 1987 by Dr. Frank Baldino, Jr., a pharmacologist and former scientist with the DuPont Company, who served as the company's chairman and chief executive officer until his death in December 2010...

 for US$6.8 billion as part of its effort to expand its presence in the proprietary pharmaceuticals sector.

Within Teva operates Teva Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (TAPI)
Teva Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (TAPI)
-External links:***...

 as a stand-alone business unit. On top of supplying a major share of Teva's own needs, the TAPI division is an active competitor in world markets. In 2009, TAPI's sales to third parties totaled $565 million, and in 2010 sales rose by 13% to a total of $641 million.

Mergers and acquisitions

On December 23, 2008, Teva acquired Barr Pharmaceuticals
Barr Pharmaceuticals
Barr Pharmaceuticals was a global specialty pharmaceutical company that operated in more than 30 countries worldwide. Barr were engaged in the development, manufacture and marketing of generic and proprietary pharmaceuticals, biopharmaceuticals and active pharmaceutical ingredients.-History:Barr...

 for , making Barr and Pliva
Pliva
Pliva d.d. is a Croatian pharmaceutical company, based in Zagreb, Croatia. One of the world's largest producers of generic Adderall, it has seen drastic increases in revenue with an increasing number of patients being diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder . It is the largest pharmaceutical...

 (which Barr bought earlier) part of Teva. On March 18, 2010, Teva announced that it planned to acquire German generic Ratiopharm
Ratiopharm
Ratiopharm is a German pharmaceutical company that is Europe's leading generics brand.Ratiopharm was owned by Adolf Merckle and makes generic Pharmaceuticals. They are based in Ulm, Germany and products being distributed in over 35 countries worldwide....

 for US$5 billion. The deal was completed on August 2010.

In May 2011, Teva bought Cephalon for US$6.8 billion. The combined company is expected to have US$7 billion in sales of branded drugs. Shortly after this announcement, Teva announced the purchase of a majority stake in the Japanese generic drug company Taiyo Pharmaceutical Industry, a move to secure a Japan-local production facility. Teva completed the $934 million acquisition on July 2011.

Research and Development

Teva holds a patent on two drugs: Copaxone
Glatiramer acetate
Glatiramer acetate is an immunomodulator drug currently used to treat multiple sclerosis...

 (for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which the fatty myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord are damaged, leading to demyelination and scarring as well as a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms...

, now the world's best selling MS drug, and Azilect
Rasagiline
Rasagiline is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase used as a monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease or as an adjunct therapy in more advanced cases. It is selective for MAO type B over type A by a factor of fourteen....

 (sold as Agilect in some countries) for treatment of Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system...

.

In June 2006, Teva (through a former Ivax subsidiary) received from the FDA a 180-day exclusivity period to sell simvastatin
Simvastatin
Simvastatin is a hypolipidemic drug used to control elevated cholesterol, or hypercholesterolemia. Simvastatin is a member of the statin class of pharmaceuticals, is a synthetic derivate of a fermentation product of Aspergillus terreus.-Medical uses:The primary uses of simvastatin is for the...

 (Zocor) in the U.S. as a generic drug
Generic drug
A generic drug is a drug defined as "a drug product that is comparable to brand/reference listed drug product in dosage form, strength, route of administration, quality and performance characteristics, and intended use." It has also been defined as a term referring to any drug marketed under its...

 in all strengths except 80 mg. Teva presently competes with the maker of brand-name Zocor, Merck & Co.
Merck & Co.
Merck & Co., Inc. , also known as Merck Sharp & Dohme or MSD outside the United States and Canada, is one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world. The Merck headquarters is located in Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, an unincorporated area in Readington Township...

; Ranbaxy Laboratories
Ranbaxy Laboratories
Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited is a pharmaceutical company that was incorporated in India in 1961. The company went public in 1973 and Japanese pharmaceutical company Daiichi Sankyo gained majority control in 2008...

, which has 180-day exclusivity for the 80 mg strength; and Dr. Reddy's Laboratories
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. is an integrated pharmaceutical company focused on providing medicines through its three business segments: Global Generics segment, Pharmaceutical Services and Active Ingredients segment and Proprietary Products segment. The company was founded by Dr...

, whose authorized generic version (licensed by Merck) is exempt from exclusivity.

In June 2010, the company announced it would discontinue its production of propofol
Propofol
Propofol is a short-acting, intravenously administered hypnotic agent. Its uses include the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, sedation for mechanically ventilated adults, and procedural sedation. Propofol is also commonly used in veterinary medicine...

, a major sedative estimated to be used in 75% of all US anesthetic procedures.

Legal issues

On June 25, 2010, Bayer sued Teva for falsely claiming that Gianvi, Teva's Generic of Yaz, was "stabilized by betadex as a clathrate." The lawsuit stems from Bayer's US patent, 5798338, on the binding and preservative agents that were not in fact present in Gianvi. "In the preparation of such low-dosed dosage forms, strong fluctuations of the active ingredient concentrations in the dosage units occur almost unavoidably (inadequate content uniformity), which manifest themselves more strongly, the smaller the amount of the active ingredient. It has now been found that the drawbacks that are observed especially in the preparation and storage of dosage forms which contain low-dosed steroidal sex hormones can be avoided, at least to a large extent, if dosage forms are prepared that contain powdery cyclodextrin clathrates of these active ingredients."
The settlement of the lawsuit resulted in Teva changing its product marketing to remove the claim that it used the same ingredients as Yaz. Bayer's patent is on a method specifically designed to prevent oxidative degradation of the estrogen.

Subsidiaries

  • North America
    • Barr Pharmaceuticals
    • Plantex USA
    • Teva Animal Health
    • Teva Biopharmaceuticals USA
    • Teva Canada
    • Teva Neuroscience
    • Teva Neuroscience Canada
    • Teva Parenteral Medicines
    • Teva Pharmaceuticals USA
    • Teva Specialty Pharmaceuticals
  • Latin America
    • Corporacion Infarmasa - Peru
    • Corporacion Medco - Peru
    • Ivax Argentina
    • Laboratorio Chile
    • Teva Brazil
    • Teva Mexico
    • Teva Pharmaceuticals Curaçao N.V.
  • Asia
    • Teva API India Ltd.
    • Teva Japan
    • Teva Singapore
  • Africa
    • Assia Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
    • Teva Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Ltd.

  • Europe
    • Med Ilaç A.Ş.
    • Plantex Chemicals B.V.
    • Pliva Croatia
    • Prosintex - ICI
    • Ratiopharm GmbH
    • Sicor Biotech UAB
    • Sicor Europe
    • Sicor Italy S.r.I.
    • Teva API International Spain
    • Teva Belarus
    • Teva Belgium
    • Teva Bulgaria
    • Teva Classics France
    • Teva Finland Oy
    • Teva Generics Spain
    • Teva Group Germany
    • Teva Hungary Ltd.
    • Teva Kazakhstan
    • Teva Moscow

    • Teva Pharmaceuticals Europe B.V.
    • Teva Pharmachemie B.V.
    • Teva Pharma UK
    • Teva Pharma AG
    • Teva Pharma Italia S.r.I.
    • Teva Pharma Portugal Ltd.
    • Teva Sweden AB
    • Teva Pharmaceutical Fine Chemicals S.r.I.
    • Teva Pharmaceutical Works Ltd.
    • Teva Pharmaceuticals CR, s.r.o.
    • Teva Pharmaceuticals Ireland
    • Teva Pharmaceuticals Polska (Poland)
    • Teva Pharmaceuticals Slovakia, s.r.o.
    • Teva UK Limited
    • Teva Ukraine


Pharmaceutical products

  • Adderall IR (generic)
  • Adipex(Phentermine)
  • Alprazolam
    Alprazolam
    Alprazolam is a short-acting anxiolytic of the benzodiazepine class of psychoactive drugs. Alprazolam, like other benzodiazepines, binds to specific sites on the GABAA gamma-amino-butyric acid receptor...

  • Atorvastatin Teva
  • Azilect
  • Azilent
  • Azithromycin
    Azithromycin
    Azithromycin is an azalide, a subclass of macrolide antibiotics. Azithromycin is one of the world's best-selling antibiotics...

     (generic)
  • Budesonide
    Budesonide
    Budesonide is a glucocorticoid steroid for the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis , and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis...

  • Ciprofloxacin
    Ciprofloxacin
    Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class.It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial. It kills bacteria by interfering with the enzymes that cause DNA to rewind after being copied, which stops synthesis of DNA and of...

     (generic)
  • Citalopram
    Citalopram
    Citalopram brand names: Celexa, Cipramil) is an antidepressant drug of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class. It has U.S...

     (generic)
  • Cetirizine
    Cetirizine
    Cetirizine , a second-generation antihistamine, is a major metabolite of hydroxyzine, and a racemic selective H1 receptor inverse agonist used in the treatment of allergies, hay fever, angioedema, and urticaria.-Availability:...

     (generic)
  • Clarithromycin
    Clarithromycin
    Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat pharyngitis, tonsillitis, acute maxillary sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia , skin and skin structure infections...

  • clonazepam
    Clonazepam
    Clonazepamis a benzodiazepine drug having anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, and hypnotic properties. It is marketed by Roche under the trade name Klonopin in the United States and Rivotril in Australia, Brazil, Canada and Europe...

  • Codeine
    Codeine
    Codeine or 3-methylmorphine is an opiate used for its analgesic, antitussive, and antidiarrheal properties...

     (generic)
  • Copaxone
  • Dextroamphetamine
    Dextroamphetamine
    Dextroamphetamine is a psychostimulant drug which is known to produce increased wakefulness and focus as well as decreased fatigue and decreased appetite....

     (generic)
  • Dexmethylphenidate
    Dexmethylphenidate
    Dexmethylphenidate, otherwise known as d-threo-methylphenidate , is the dextrorotatory enantiomer of methylphenidate. It is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor and releasing agent and thus a psychostimulant, which affects the CNS...

     (generic)
  • Diazepam
    Diazepam
    Diazepam , first marketed as Valium by Hoffmann-La Roche is a benzodiazepine drug. Diazepam is also marketed in Australia as Antenex. It is commonly used for treating anxiety, insomnia, seizures including status epilepticus, muscle spasms , restless legs syndrome, alcohol withdrawal,...

     (generic)
  • Dihydrocodeine
    Dihydrocodeine
    Dihydrocodeine, also called DHC, Drocode, Paracodeine and Parzone and known by the brand names of Synalgos DC, Panlor DC, Panlor SS, Contugesic, New Bron Solution-ACE, Huscode, Drocode, Paracodin, Codidol, Didor Continus, Dicogesic, Codhydrine, Dekacodin, DH-Codeine,...

     (generic)

  • Famciclovir
    Famciclovir
    Famciclovir is a guanine analogue antiviral drug used for the treatment of various herpesvirus infections, most commonly for herpes zoster . It is a prodrug form of penciclovir with improved oral bioavailability...

  • Flunitrazepam
    Flunitrazepam
    Flunitrazepam is marketed as a potent hypnotic, sedative, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, amnestic, and skeletal muscle relaxant drug most commonly known as Rohypnol...

     (generic, marketed as "Fluscand" 0.5 mg and 1mg tablets in Sweden)
  • Fluocinonide
    Fluocinonide
    Fluocinonide is a potent glucocorticoid steroid used topically as anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of skin disorders such as eczema and seborrhoeic dermatitis...

  • Fluoxetine
    Fluoxetine
    Fluoxetine is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class. It is manufactured and marketed by Eli Lilly and Company...

     (generic)
  • Fluvoxamine
    Fluvoxamine
    Fluvoxamine is an antidepressant which functions as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor . Fluvoxamine was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1993 for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder . Fluvoxamine CR is approved to treat social anxiety disorder...

     (generic)
  • Gabapentin
    Gabapentin
    Gabapentin is a pharmaceutical drug, specifically a GABA analogue. It was originally developed for the treatment of epilepsy, and currently is also used to relieve neuropathic pain...

  • Lamotrigine
    Lamotrigine
    Lamotrigine, marketed in the US and most of Europe as Lamictal by GlaxoSmithKline, is an anticonvulsant drug used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It is also used as an adjunct in treating depression, though this is considered off-label usage...

  • Laquinimod
    Laquinimod
    Laquinimod is an experimental immunomodulator developed by Active Biotech and Teva. It is currently being investigated as an oral treatment for multiple sclerosis ....

  • Letrozole
    Letrozole
    Letrozole is an oral non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor for the treatment of hormonally-responsive breast cancer after surgery.Estrogens are produced by the conversion of androgens through the activity of the aromatase enzyme...

     (generic)
  • Losartan/HCT
  • Methotrexate
    Methotrexate
    Methotrexate , abbreviated MTX and formerly known as amethopterin, is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug. It is used in treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, ectopic pregnancy, and for the induction of medical abortions. It acts by inhibiting the metabolism of folic acid. Methotrexate...

  • Mirtazapine
    Mirtazapine
    Mirtazapine is a tetracyclic antidepressant used primarily in the treatment of depression. It is also sometimes used as a hypnotic, antiemetic, and appetite stimulant, and for the treatment of anxiety, among other indications...

  • Naproxen
    Naproxen
    Naproxen sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as:...

  • Olanzapine
    Olanzapine
    Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic, approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder...

     (generic)
  • Optalgin
  • Pantoprazole
    Pantoprazole
    Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion.-Use:...

     (generic)

  • Pantoprazole
    Pantoprazole
    Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion.-Use:...

    : On December 24, 2007, Teva released an AB-rated generic alternative to the proton-pump inhibitor Protonix.
  • Rasagiline
    Rasagiline
    Rasagiline is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase used as a monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease or as an adjunct therapy in more advanced cases. It is selective for MAO type B over type A by a factor of fourteen....

  • Salbutamol (Albuterol)
    Salbutamol
    Salbutamol or albuterol is a short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist used for the relief of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is marketed as Ventolin among other brand names....

  • Sertraline
    Sertraline
    Sertraline hydrochloride is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class. It was introduced to the market by Pfizer in 1991. Sertraline is primarily used to treat major depression in adult outpatients as well as obsessive–compulsive, panic, and social anxiety disorders in...

  • Simvastatin
    Simvastatin
    Simvastatin is a hypolipidemic drug used to control elevated cholesterol, or hypercholesterolemia. Simvastatin is a member of the statin class of pharmaceuticals, is a synthetic derivate of a fermentation product of Aspergillus terreus.-Medical uses:The primary uses of simvastatin is for the...

  • Sumatriptan
    Sumatriptan
    Sumatriptan is a triptan sulfa drug containing a sulfonamide group. It is used for the treatment of migraine headaches. Sumatriptan is produced and marketed by various drug manufacturers with many different trade names such as Sumatriptan, Imitrex, Imigran, Imigran recovery.-Approval and...

     (generic equivalent to Imitrex)
  • Topiramate
    Topiramate
    Topiramate is an anticonvulsant drug. It was originally produced by Ortho-McNeil Neurologics and Noramco, Inc., both divisions of the Johnson & Johnson Corporation. This medication was discovered in 1979 by Bruce E. Maryanoff and Joseph F. Gardocki during their research work at McNeil...

  • Trazadone - through Pliva acquisition
  • Venlafaxine
    Venlafaxine
    Venlafaxine is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor class. First introduced by Wyeth in 1993, now marketed by Pfizer, it is licensed for the treatment of major depressive disorder , as a treatment for generalized anxiety disorder, and comorbid indications in...

  • Yaz(Gianvi)
  • Zolpidem
    Zolpidem
    Zolpidem is a prescription medication used for the short-term treatment of insomnia, as well as some brain disorders. It is a short-acting nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic of the imidazopyridine class that potentiates gamma-aminobutyric acid , an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by binding to GABAA...

     (generic)


See also

  • Economy of Israel
    Economy of Israel
    The economy of Israel is a technologically advanced market economy, including a rapidly-developing high-tech and service sectors. As of 2010, Israel has the 24th largest economy in the world, and ranks 15th among 169 world nations on the UN's Human Development Index, which places it in the category...

  • Science and technology in Israel
    Science and technology in Israel
    Science and technology in Israel is one of the country's most developed sectors. The percentage of Israelis engaged in scientific and technological inquiry, and the amount spent on research and development in relation to gross domestic product , is amongst the highest in the world...

  • Health care in Israel
    Health care in Israel
    Health care in Israel is universal and participation in a medical insurance plan is compulsory. Health care coverage is administered by a small number of organizations, with funding from the government...

  • Teva Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (TAPI)
    Teva Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (TAPI)
    -External links:***...

  • Qualitest
    Qualitest
    Qualitest is an American pharmaceutical company that produces generic drugs. It is headquartered in Huntsville, Alabama with manufacturing facilities in Charlotte, North Carolina, and Huntsville, Alabama.Endo Pharmaceuticals agreed to buy the company in 2010....


External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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