Tati (
PersianPersian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is widely spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and to some extent in Iraq and Bahrain, and has a status of official language in the first three countries under different names...
: تاتی) is a group of northwestern Iranian dialects which are closely related to the
Talysh languageThe Talyshi language is a Northwestern Iranian language spoken in the northern regions of the Iranian provinces of Gilan and Ardabil and the southern regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Historically, the language and its people can be traced through the middle Iranian period back to the ancient...
.
Some sources use the term old Azari/Azeri to refer to the Tati language which was spoken in the region before the spread of Turkic languages (see
Ancient Azari languageAzari, also spelled Adari, Adhari, is the name used for the Iranian language composed of groups of dialects which were spoken in Azerbaijan at one time...
), and is now only spoken by different rural communities in Iranian Azerbaijan (such as villages in Harzanabad area, villages around
KhalkhalKhalkhal or Khalkhāl may refer to:*Xalxal, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan*Xalxal, Oghuz, Azerbaijan*Khalkhal County, a subdivision of Ardabil Province, Iran*Herowabad, a city in Ardabil Province, Iran...
and
ArdabilArdabil is a historical city in north-western Iran. The name Ardabil probably comes from the Zoroastrian name of "Artavil" which means a holy place. Ardabil is the center of Ardabil province. Its population is estimated to be around 340,386, the dominant majority of whom are ethnic Azerbaijanis...
), and also in
ZanjanZanjan is one of the Azeri inhabited provinces of Iran located in the North-West Iran. Its capital is Zanjan city. Zanjan province with an area of 36,400 km² has a mostly rural, population of 964,601 . The province lies 330 km northwest of Tehran, connected to it via a freeway.Zanjan...
and
QazvinQazvīn is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. It is in the north-west of the country, and its center is the city of Qazvin. The province was created in 1996 out of part of Zanjan Province and includes 20 cities: Qazvin, Takestan, Abyek, Bou'in-Zahra, Eqhbalieh, Mohammadieh, Alvand, Esfarvarin, Mahmood...
provinces.
Tati (
PersianPersian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is widely spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and to some extent in Iraq and Bahrain, and has a status of official language in the first three countries under different names...
: تاتی) is a group of northwestern Iranian dialects which are closely related to the
Talysh languageThe Talyshi language is a Northwestern Iranian language spoken in the northern regions of the Iranian provinces of Gilan and Ardabil and the southern regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Historically, the language and its people can be traced through the middle Iranian period back to the ancient...
.
Some sources use the term old Azari/Azeri to refer to the Tati language which was spoken in the region before the spread of Turkic languages (see
Ancient Azari languageAzari, also spelled Adari, Adhari, is the name used for the Iranian language composed of groups of dialects which were spoken in Azerbaijan at one time...
), and is now only spoken by different rural communities in Iranian Azerbaijan (such as villages in Harzanabad area, villages around
KhalkhalKhalkhal or Khalkhāl may refer to:*Xalxal, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan*Xalxal, Oghuz, Azerbaijan*Khalkhal County, a subdivision of Ardabil Province, Iran*Herowabad, a city in Ardabil Province, Iran...
and
ArdabilArdabil is a historical city in north-western Iran. The name Ardabil probably comes from the Zoroastrian name of "Artavil" which means a holy place. Ardabil is the center of Ardabil province. Its population is estimated to be around 340,386, the dominant majority of whom are ethnic Azerbaijanis...
), and also in
ZanjanZanjan is one of the Azeri inhabited provinces of Iran located in the North-West Iran. Its capital is Zanjan city. Zanjan province with an area of 36,400 km² has a mostly rural, population of 964,601 . The province lies 330 km northwest of Tehran, connected to it via a freeway.Zanjan...
and
QazvinQazvīn is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. It is in the north-west of the country, and its center is the city of Qazvin. The province was created in 1996 out of part of Zanjan Province and includes 20 cities: Qazvin, Takestan, Abyek, Bou'in-Zahra, Eqhbalieh, Mohammadieh, Alvand, Esfarvarin, Mahmood...
provinces. .
In the field of phonetics tati similar to the rest of the north-western Iranian languages: it is distinguished by the persistence of Iranian * z, * s, * y-, * v-against the south-western d, h, j-, b-; development /ʒ/<* j, * against the south-west z, and the preservation of intervocalic and postvocalic * r and even, for a number of dialects, development
RhotacismRhotacism may refer to several phenomena related to the usage of the consonant r .*the excessive or idiosyncratic use of the r;...
.
In the field of morphology, tati is less analytical in structure than the south-western Iranian languages. Having lost the ancient foundations of classes and verb, tati preserved case (two case: direct, or subjective, and oblique). It is a gender neutral language except in some name and verb formations.
Tati is an ergative language, i.e.
with transitive verbs the subject/agent of the verb is expressed by the direct case in the present tenses, but by the oblique in the past tenses, whereas the direct object/patient in the present tenses is expressed by the oblique, but by the direct in the past.
Tati Dialects
- Chāli, Tākestāni, Eshtehardi, Khiāraji, Ebrāhim-ābādi, Sagz-ābādi, Dānesfāni, Esfarvarini, Khoznini
- Kho'ini, Balbavini, Sefid-kamari, Halabi, Sa'd-ābādi
- Khalkhāli, Tāromi
- Harzandi
Harzandi is a modern Northwestern Iranian language spoken in the north of the Iranian province of East Azarbaijan, around the village of Harzand. It is closely related to the Talishi and Karingani dialects....
, Dizmāri
- Kuhpaya'i, Rudbari, Alamuti
External links