Tasneem M. Shah
Encyclopedia
Tasneem M. Shah, Ph.D.
Doctor of Philosophy
Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated as Ph.D., PhD, D.Phil., or DPhil , in English-speaking countries, is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities...

, SI
Sitara-i-Imtiaz
The Sitara-i-Imtiaz , is the third highest honour and civilian award in the State of Pakistan. It recognizes the individuals who made an "especially meritorious contribution to the security or national interests of Pakistan, world peace, cultural or other significant public endeavors"...

, TI
Tamgha-i-Imtiaz
Tamgha-i-Imtiaz , English: Medal of Excellence, is state organized honour of State of Pakistan. It is the fourth-highest decoration given to any civilian in Pakistan based on their achievements. While, it is civilian award, it can also be bestowed to Military officers of the Pakistan Armed Forces...

, is a Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

i scientist
Scientist
A scientist in a broad sense is one engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge. In a more restricted sense, a scientist is an individual who uses the scientific method. The person may be an expert in one or more areas of science. This article focuses on the more restricted use of the word...

 and a prominent mathematician
Mathematician
A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study is the field of mathematics. Mathematicians are concerned with quantity, structure, space, and change....

 who has made pioneering and instrumental research and contributions to the field of computational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamics, usually abbreviated as CFD, is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows. Computers are used to perform the calculations required to simulate the interaction of liquids and gases with...

 (CFD) at Dr. A. Q. Khan Research Laboratories (KRL). Trained as an applied mathematician, he has made in a vast range of fields covered in mathematical sciences
Mathematical sciences
Mathematical sciences is a broad term that refers to those academic disciplines that are primarily mathematical in nature but may not be universally considered subfields of mathematics proper...

, including differential geometry, numerical analysis
Numerical analysis
Numerical analysis is the study of algorithms that use numerical approximation for the problems of mathematical analysis ....

, information security
Information security
Information security means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording or destruction....

, CFD-DEM model
CFD-DEM model
A CFD-DEM model is suitable for the modeling or simulation of fluid-solids or fluid-particles systems. In the CFD-DEM, the motion of discrete solids or particles phase is obtained by Discrete Element Method which applies Newton's laws of motion to every particle and the flow of continuum fluid is...

, hydrodynamics (of explosions), computer science
Computer science
Computer science or computing science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems...

, fluid mechanics
Fluid mechanics
Fluid mechanics is the study of fluids and the forces on them. Fluid mechanics can be divided into fluid statics, the study of fluids at rest; fluid kinematics, the study of fluids in motion; and fluid dynamics, the study of the effect of forces on fluid motion...

, Vacuum Technology  and CFD-DEM
CFD-DEM
CFD-DEM model is suitable for the modelling or simulation of fluid-solids or fluid-particles systems. In the CFD-DEM, the motion of discrete solids or particles phase is obtained by the Discrete Element Method which applies Newton's laws of motion to every particle, while the flow of continuum...

.

Tasneem M. Shah was a pioneer and senior member of the Kahuta Project, and, along with dr. G.D. Alam and dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan
Abdul Qadeer Khan
Abdul Qadeer Khan , also known in Pakistan as Mohsin-e-Pakistan , D.Eng, Sc.D, HI, NI , FPAS; more widely known as Dr. A. Q...

, dr. Tasneem M. Shah have had worked out in the nuclear physics
Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the building blocks and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons technology, but the research has provided application in many fields, including those...

 involved in gas centrifuge
Gas centrifuge
A gas centrifuge is a device that performs isotope separation of gases. A centrifuge relies on the principles of centripetal force accelerating molecules so that particles of different masses are physically separated in a gradient along the radius of a rotating container.A prominent use of gas...

 and the uranium based-device. As of today, he is a full professor and chaiman of the Department of Mathematics at the Air University.

Biography

Shah was born in Pakistan and had moved to Islamabad for his studies. He attended the jublient and newly founded university, the Quaid-i-Azam University
Quaid-i-Azam University
The Quaid-i-Azam University is a public, research university in Islamabad Capital Territory of Pakistan. It was initially founded as the "University of Islamabad" in July 1967...

 where he received his undergraduate degree in mathematics from there. He did his M.Sc.
Master of Science
A Master of Science is a postgraduate academic master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is typically studied for in the sciences including the social sciences.-Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay:...

, M. Phil.
Master of Philosophy
The Master of Philosophy is a postgraduate research degree.An M.Phil. is a lesser degree than a Doctor of Philosophy , but in many cases it is considered to be a more senior degree than a taught Master's degree, as it is often a thesis-only degree. In some instances, an M.Phil...

 from Quaid-I-Azam University, followed by his D.Phil.
Doctor of Philosophy
Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated as Ph.D., PhD, D.Phil., or DPhil , in English-speaking countries, is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities...

 in mathematics from University of Oxford
University of Oxford
The University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...

, United Kingdom. His doctoral thesis were written on "Analysis of Multi-Grid Methods
Multigrid method
Multigrid methods in numerical analysis are a group of algorithms for solving differential equations using a hierarchy of discretizations. They are an example of a class of techniques called multiresolution methods, very useful in problems exhibiting multiple scales of behavior...

, design, theory and development of Algo
ALGO
ALGO is an algebraic programming language developed between 1959 and 1961 for the Bendix G-15 computer.ALGO was one of several programming languages inspired by the Preliminary Report on the International Algorithmic Language written in Zürich in 1958. This report underwent several modifications...

.
".

M. Shah came back to Pakistan, after the 1971 Winter War
Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military conflict between India and Pakistan. Indian, Bangladeshi and international sources consider the beginning of the war to be Operation Chengiz Khan, Pakistan's December 3, 1971 pre-emptive strike on 11 Indian airbases...

 where he joined his alma mater, Quaid-i-Azam University. His early research were mainly focused and emphasized on Fluid
Fluid mechanics
Fluid mechanics is the study of fluids and the forces on them. Fluid mechanics can be divided into fluid statics, the study of fluids at rest; fluid kinematics, the study of fluids in motion; and fluid dynamics, the study of the effect of forces on fluid motion...

 and Aerodynamics
Aerodynamics
Aerodynamics is a branch of dynamics concerned with studying the motion of air, particularly when it interacts with a moving object. Aerodynamics is a subfield of fluid dynamics and gas dynamics, with much theory shared between them. Aerodynamics is often used synonymously with gas dynamics, with...

. In 1972, M. Shah was introduced by Asghar Qadir
Asghar Qadir
Asghar Qadir , HI, SI, FPAS, is a renowned Pakistani mathematician and a prominent cosmologist, specialized in Mathematical physics and Physical cosmology. He is considered as one of the top mathematicians in Pakistan...

 to dr. Abdus Salam
Abdus Salam
Mohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk Mohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk Mohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk (Urdu: محمد عبد السلام, pronounced , (January 29, 1926– November 21, 1996) was a Pakistani theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate in Physics for his work on the electroweak unification of the...

, where Professor Salam had delegated M. Shah to Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, , is an administrative governmental and autonomous science and technology governmental department of Pakistan, responsible for development of nuclear energy and development of nuclear power sector in Pakistan...

 where he had closely collaborated with dr. Riazuddin and dr. Asghar Qadir in the development of the nuclear device. At the end of 1975, dr. A. Qadeer Khan
Abdul Qadeer Khan
Abdul Qadeer Khan , also known in Pakistan as Mohsin-e-Pakistan , D.Eng, Sc.D, HI, NI , FPAS; more widely known as Dr. A. Q...

 had brought the drawings of the Zippe-type centrifuge
Zippe-type centrifuge
The Zippe-type centrifuge is a device designed to collect Uranium-235. It was developed in the Soviet Union by a team of 60 Austrian and German scientists captured after World War II, working in detention...

s, which according to dr. Ghulam Dastagir Alam, were incomplete and the drawings of the centrifuge machine were incorrect. Dr. Anwar Ali
Anwar Ali (scientist)
Anwar Ali, born: 1945 in Lahore, British Punjab State, British Indian Empire, , is a Pakistani nuclear physicist who served as the Chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission from 2006 till 2009...

 then contacted Hafeez Qureshi
Muhammad Hafeez Qureshi
Muhammad Hafeez Qureshi , Neuclear Physics. SI, HI, , also known as Hafeez Qureshi, was a Pakistani Nuclear Scientist...

 to re-design and work out the solution of the Centrifuge machine. Hafeez Qureshi informed Munir Ahmad Khan
Munir Ahmad Khan
Munir Ahmad Khan , HI, was a Pakistani nuclear engineer and a scientist who served as the Chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission from 1972 to 1991...

 (who later consulted with dr. Abdus Salam
Abdus Salam
Mohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk Mohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk Mohammad Abdus Salam, NI, SPk (Urdu: محمد عبد السلام, pronounced , (January 29, 1926– November 21, 1996) was a Pakistani theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate in Physics for his work on the electroweak unification of the...

) about the problem faced by the KRL
Khan Research Laboratories
The Khan Research Laboratories ,, formerly known as Engineering Research Laboratories , is a multi-program Pakistan's weapons science and engineering research and development institute and nuclear research facility...

 scientists. Tasneem M. Shah who specialized in Fluid dynamics
Fluid dynamics
In physics, fluid dynamics is a sub-discipline of fluid mechanics that deals with fluid flow—the natural science of fluids in motion. It has several subdisciplines itself, including aerodynamics and hydrodynamics...

 from Oxford, was named by dr. Abdus Salam for the gas-centrifuge project when Munir Ahmad Khan and Hafeez Qureshi consulted with him. In 1975, Anwar Ali and dr. G.D. Alam had met with Tasneem Shah in Islamabad, and Shah, with the full backing of Abdus Salam, was accompanied by Dr. G. D. Alam to a secret project in Kahuta in 1975.

The following years, M. Shah had joined Abdul Qadeer Khan's then-known as Engineering Research Laboratories (ERL) from its begaining years. Trained as an applied mathematician, Shah was an instrumental carrying out the experimental and theoretical research at KRL. He was the founder and had served as the first director of the Computational Fluid Dynamics Division at the KRL. In particular, he had developed the expertise techniques in fluid explosions—phenomena which are difficult to model mathematically. M. Shah, a pioneer in fluid dynamics, had used complex integrations, and mathematical methods to developed the sustainable method for the gas-centrifuges which he published his work at the KRL.

He gained fame in the research laboratory when Dr. M. Shah had mathematically modeled the fuild system in a Zippe-type centrifuge
Zippe-type centrifuge
The Zippe-type centrifuge is a device designed to collect Uranium-235. It was developed in the Soviet Union by a team of 60 Austrian and German scientists captured after World War II, working in detention...

, and have had improved the technology that was brought by dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan
Abdul Qadeer Khan
Abdul Qadeer Khan , also known in Pakistan as Mohsin-e-Pakistan , D.Eng, Sc.D, HI, NI , FPAS; more widely known as Dr. A. Q...

 in mid 1970s. His developed theories and the experimental research led to an improvement in the devices, and KRL had developed the advanced and newer versions of the Zippe-type technology as P-1 and P-2. M. Shah's principal contribution to the gas-centrifuge program was the rotational dynamics of the 235U
Uranium-235
- References :* .* DOE Fundamentals handbook: Nuclear Physics and Reactor theory , .* A piece of U-235 the size of a grain of rice can produce energy equal to that contained in three tons of coal or fourteen barrels of oil. -External links:* * * one of the earliest articles on U-235 for the...

 by using the complex and difficult applications of Washer
Disk integration
Disk integration, , is a means of calculating the volume of a solid of revolution of a solid-state material, when integrating along the axis of revolution. This method models the generated 3 dimensional shape as a "stack" of an infinite number of disks of infinitesimal thickness...

 and Shell integration
Shell integration
Shell integration is a means of calculating the volume of a solid of revolution, when integrating along an axis perpendicular to the axis of revolution.It makes use of the so-called "representative cylinder"...

s.

Dr. T. M. Shah was one of the key scientist who had helped developing the Inertial and Thermal system of the Ghauri missile system series
Ghauri (missile)
The Hatf V, named Ghauri , is a medium-range ballistic missile developed by Kahuta Research Laboratories of Pakistan. Powered by a single stage liquid fuel rocket motor, the missile has an optimum range of 1,500 km and can carry a payload of 700 kg...

. He had laid down the ground work of the Liquid-propellant rocketry system and formulated the various mathematical theories of the rocket science. On May 28  1998, with numerous other KRL and PAEC weapon scientists, M. Shah was an eyewitness to the first atomic weapons testing
Chagai-I
The Chagai-I was a codename referring to the five underground nuclear tests conducted by Pakistan at 15:15hrs in 28th May of 1998. It was named Chagai-I, as the tests were conducted in the Chagai District...

, at Ras Koh Hills near at Chagai Hills
Chagai Hills
The Chagai Hills is a range of granite hills in the Chagai District in Pakistan's Balochistan province.-Location:The Chagai Hills lie in a desert area in the northernmost part of Chagai District north of Pakistan's Ras Koh Hills and south of Afghanistan's Helmand and Nimruz provinces.- Topography...

. He, along with other scientists, was conferred with high civilian awards
Civil decorations of Pakistan
The Pakistan Civil Awards were established on March 19, 1957, following the proclamation of Pakistan as an independent Republic on March 23, 1956. The announcement of civil awards is generally made once a year on Independence Day, August 14, and their investiture takes place on the following...

 in 1998, and in 1999.

After serving in KRL for more than 27 years, M. Shah had begun providing training and teaching at the KRL to the field of Fluid dynamics
Fluid dynamics
In physics, fluid dynamics is a sub-discipline of fluid mechanics that deals with fluid flow—the natural science of fluids in motion. It has several subdisciplines itself, including aerodynamics and hydrodynamics...

. He established the Department of Cryptology at NUST whereas he served as its first director. He also established the first IT University in private corporate sector and become the first Rector of KASBIT, Karachi. He remained Dean, Faculty of Computer Sciences at Bahria University
Bahria University
Bahria University is a multi-campus university with headquarters in Islamabad, Pakistan. BU has two main campuses, one in Islamabad and the other in Karachi, Pakistan...

 and established an Integrated Scientific and Industrial Software house for contract research (ISIS). He is the author of 14 Research papers. He is also working for establishment of an HEC project, "National Institute of Vacuum Science and technology".

Monte Carlo simulation

The Monte Carlo simulation are a class of modern computation mathematics that are rely on repeated random in a often used in simulating
Computer simulation
A computer simulation, a computer model, or a computational model is a computer program, or network of computers, that attempts to simulate an abstract model of a particular system...

 physical
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...

 and mathematical
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...

 systems to compute their results. Tasneem M. Shah's research is focused more in the applications of Monte Carlo method to the field of thermal
Thermal radiation
Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation generated by the thermal motion of charged particles in matter. All matter with a temperature greater than absolute zero emits thermal radiation....

 radiative transfer
Radiative transfer
Radiative transfer is the physical phenomenon of energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The propagation of radiation through a medium is affected by absorption, emission and scattering processes. The equation of radiative transfer describes these interactions mathematically...

. During his time in KRL, Shah had richly contributed to the development and undertaking the research to the field of Monte Carlo method. At KRL, he produces Monte Carlo Simulation in Thermal Radiative Transfer: Method Review, Validation and Parameter Sensitivity, which heavily demonstrates the Monte Carlo methods in thermal-power plants. Through the intensive research in KRL, his contributions led to developed the computerized electronic of systems of the KRL-based missile program. He is considered a pioneering scientist who introduced the MC Method research in KRL. Tasneem Shah used the Monte-Carlo method for solving thermal radiation problems, while approaching better methods in improving the enrichment technology. He also used MC method solving the problems affecting the missile's high-temperature combustion chambers and explosive weapon warhead.

Computation fluid dynamics

Dr. Tasneem M. Shah was a pioneering scientist in KRL
Kahuta Research Laboratories
The Khan Research Laboratories ,, formerly known as Engineering Research Laboratories , is a multi-program Pakistan's weapons science and engineering research and development institute and nuclear research facility...

 who launched the research programs to the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics
Computational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamics, usually abbreviated as CFD, is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows. Computers are used to perform the calculations required to simulate the interaction of liquids and gases with...

 (CFD) at Dr. A. Q. Khan Research Laboratories (KRL). He made important contribution in the field of CFD and had published numerous papers while staying in KRL. One of his important contribution to CFD while applying the Computation Fluid Dynamics in nuclear power technology. He did his research using Pakistan's nuclear power plants, notably Karachi Nuclear Power Plant. One of his major research publication is "An analysis and comparison of tube natural frequency modes with fluctuating force frequency from thermal cross-flow fluid in 300 MWE PWR", which analysis the CFD applications in nuclear power plant
Nuclear power plant
A nuclear power plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is one or more nuclear reactors. As in a conventional thermal power station the heat is used to generate steam which drives a steam turbine connected to a generator which produces electricity.Nuclear power plants are usually...

s powered with a gross capacity of 300 MWe
MWE
MWE may refer to:*Manufacturer's Weight Empty*McDermott Will & Emery*Midwest Express, an airline*Merowe Airport - IATA code*Multiword expressionMWe may refer to:*Megawatt electrical...

. His publication highly stressed the motion and the movement of the advanced fluid dynamics in a Nuclear reactor core
Nuclear reactor core
A nuclear reactor core is the portion of a nuclear reactor containing the nuclear fuel components where the nuclear reactions take place.- Description :...

. In a Reactor core, it is generally difficult to model mathematically the thermal and fluid systems accurately as the core consists of both high-temperature
High-temperature superconductivity
High-temperature superconductors are materials that have a superconducting transition temperature above . From 1960 to 1980, 30 K was thought to be the highest theoretically possible Tc...

 thermal fluid flow behavior in a reactor core. Dr. T.M. Shah's publication and studies are considered one of the groundbreaking contributions to computational fluid dynamics in KRL due to its emphasize on physical and mathematical understanding and insight into the fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena in a nuclear reactor core. His teaching and research has brought a groundbreaking change in the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics at Dr. A. Q. Khan Research.

Conference papers

  • Numerical Solution for Qualification of Thermal Protection System (TPS) Components for Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines.
  • An Analysis and comparison of tube natural frequency modes with fluctuating force frequency from thermal cross-flow fluid, by Dr. T.M. Shah.
  • Data Security based on public private a symmetric key. Papers were presented in SZABIST University by Dr. Tasneem Shah.

Research papers

  • Modeling and Numerical Solution of Rotating Flows (2003), by dr. Tasneem M. Shah and Dr. Tahira Haroon. International Conference on Models and Methods in Fluid Mechanics.
  • Science Vision:A Numerical Technique for the Solution of Navier–Stokes Equations (2000) Tahira Haroon, T. M. Shah.
  • Fluid Mechanics, A Multigrid Solution of Rotating Compressible Navier–Stokes Problem (1994), by T. M. Shah, M. N. Akhter, T. Haroon
  • Monte Carlo Simulation in Thermal Radiative Transfer: Method Review, Validation and Parameter Sensitivity, Zafar U. Koreshi, Sadaf Siddiq, Tasneem M. Shah

Quotes


Awards

  • Sitara-i-Imtiaz
    Sitara-i-Imtiaz
    The Sitara-i-Imtiaz , is the third highest honour and civilian award in the State of Pakistan. It recognizes the individuals who made an "especially meritorious contribution to the security or national interests of Pakistan, world peace, cultural or other significant public endeavors"...

     (1998)
  • Tamgha-i-Imtiaz
    Tamgha-i-Imtiaz
    Tamgha-i-Imtiaz , English: Medal of Excellence, is state organized honour of State of Pakistan. It is the fourth-highest decoration given to any civilian in Pakistan based on their achievements. While, it is civilian award, it can also be bestowed to Military officers of the Pakistan Armed Forces...

     (1999)
  • Chagai Medal
    Chagai-I
    The Chagai-I was a codename referring to the five underground nuclear tests conducted by Pakistan at 15:15hrs in 28th May of 1998. It was named Chagai-I, as the tests were conducted in the Chagai District...

     (1998)

Research Papers

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