Toll interacting protein, also known as
TOLLIP, is an inhibitory adaptor
proteinProteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and folded into a globular form. The amino acids in a polymer chain are joined together by the peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid residues...
which in humans is encoded by the
TOLLIP geneA gene is the basic unit of heredity in a living organism. All living things depend on genes. Genes hold the information to build and maintain their cells and pass genetic traits to offspring...
.
Discussion
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Toll interacting protein, also known as
TOLLIP, is an inhibitory adaptor
proteinProteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and folded into a globular form. The amino acids in a polymer chain are joined together by the peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid residues...
which in humans is encoded by the
TOLLIP geneA gene is the basic unit of heredity in a living organism. All living things depend on genes. Genes hold the information to build and maintain their cells and pass genetic traits to offspring...
.
Function
It is an inhibitory adaptor protein within
Toll-like receptorToll-like receptors are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single membrane-spanning non-catalytic receptors that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes...
s (TLR). The TLR pathway is a part of the
innate immune systemThe innate immune system comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms, in a non-specific manner. This means that the cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but unlike the adaptive immune system, it does not confer...
that recognizes structurally conserved molecular patterns of microbial pathogens, leading to an inflammatory immune response.
Clinical significance
PolymorphismsPolymorphism in biology occurs when two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species — in other words, the occurrence of more than one form or morph...
in TLR genes have been implicated in various diseases like
atopic dermatitisAtopic dermatitis is an inflammatory, chronically relapsing, non-contagious and pruritic skin disease. It has been given names like "prurigo Besnier," "neurodermitis," "endogenous eczema," "flexural eczema," "infantile eczema," and "prurigo diathsique".-Presentation:The skin of a patient with...
.
Interactions
TOLLIP has been shown to
interactProtein-protein interactions involve not only the direct-contact association of protein molecules but also longer range interactions through the electrolyte, aqueous solution medium surrounding neighbor hydrated proteins over distances from less than one nanometer to distances of several tens of...
with
TOM1Target of Myb protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TOM1 gene.-Interactions:TOM1 has been shown to interact with TOLLIP and ZFYVE16.-Further reading:...
,
TLR 2Toll-like receptor 2 also known as TLR-2 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TLR2 gene. TLR2 has also been designated as CD282 . TLR-2 plays a role in the immune system...
,
TLR 4Toll-like receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR4 gene. TLR 4 is a toll-like receptor. It detects lipopolysaccharide on Gram-negative bacteria and is thus important in the activation of the innate immune system...
and
IL1RAPInterleukin-1 receptor accessory protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RAP gene.-Interactions:IL1RAP has been shown to interact with TOLLIP and Interleukin 1 receptor, type I.-Further reading:...
.
Further reading