TNFRSF21
Encyclopedia
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 21, also known as TNFRSF21, is a protein
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 which in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF21 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor
Tumor necrosis factor receptor
A tumor necrosis factor receptor , or death receptor, is a trimeric cytokine receptor that binds tumor necrosis factors . The receptor cooperates with an adaptor protein , which is important in determining the outcome of the response A tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR), or death receptor, is a...

 superfamily. This receptor has been shown to activate NF-κB and MAPK8
MAPK8
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK8 gene.-Interactions:MAPK8 has been shown to interact with SPIB, DUSP1, Activating transcription factor 2, SH3BP5, GSTP1, MAPK8IP1, MAP2K7, CRK, MAP2K4, DUSP22, Myc, MAP3K2, DUSP10, REL, MAPK8IP3, IRS1, MAP3K1 and...

/JNK
C-Jun N-terminal kinases
c-Jun N-terminal kinases , were originally identified as kinases that bind and phosphorylate c-Jun on Ser-63 and Ser-73 within its transcriptional activation domain. They belong to the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, and are responsive to stress stimuli, such as cytokines, ultraviolet...

, and induce cell apoptosis
Apoptosis
Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that may occur in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes and death. These changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and chromosomal DNA fragmentation...

. Through its death domain, this receptor interacts with TRADD
TRADD
Tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRADD gene.TRADD is an adaptor protein.- Function :...

 protein, which is known to serve as an adaptor that mediates signal transduction of TNF-receptors. Knockout
Gene knockout
A gene knockout is a genetic technique in which one of an organism's genes is made inoperative . Also known as knockout organisms or simply knockouts, they are used in learning about a gene that has been sequenced, but which has an unknown or incompletely known function...

 studies in mice suggested that this gene plays a role in T helper cell
T helper cell
T helper cells are a sub-group of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, that play an important role in the immune system, particularly in the adaptive immune system. These cells have no cytotoxic or phagocytic activity; they cannot kill infected host cells or pathogens. Rather, they help other...

activation, and may be involved in inflammation and immune regulation.

Further reading

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