São Bernardo do Campo
Encyclopedia
São Bernardo do Campo is a municipality
in the state of São Paulo, in southern Metropolitan
São Paulo and São Paulo microregion. The municipality
's total area
is 408.45 km ² and a population
estimated at 1 July 2009, according to the IBGE, was 810,979 inhabitants, which results in a population
density of 1,962.5 inhabitants / km ².
in 1553 and was known as Vila de Santo André da Borda do Campo de Piratininga, soon transferred to another nearby place, safer from hostile tribes. It is, however, historically perceived as the first brazilian settlement built away from the sea. The original settlement was then resettled as São Bernardo, became a parish in 1812 and became a municipality in 1890. In 1938, it became a part of the Santo André district only to be separated again in 1945.
The area where São Bernardo do Campo, Santo André, São Caetano do Sul, and Diadema are located was once a farm owned by Benedictine monks, who owned enslaved Africans. By the second half of the 19th century, European immigrants started to come to the area, mainly from Italy. Italians settled in cottages in the rural area of São Bernardo do Campo that were called colônias. By the beginning of the 20th century, Japanese immigrants arrived, most of them going to the neighborhood called Cooperativa.
Industry, particularly metal works, thrived in the city during the 1960s, when São Bernardo do Campo became known as Brazil's Automobile Capital (Portuguese: a Capital do Automóvel). Many of these plants have since relocated to other regions but the automobile industry remains a vital part of the history of São Bernardo do Campo. The city is also known for its furniture industry developed by Italian immigrants, who helped São Bernardo do Campo become a High-Tech industrial pole.
Industrialization also attracted migrants from the Brazilian Northeastern region in the 1960s. Among them was the family of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
, who grew up in the region. The former president of Brazil worked in automobile factories in São Bernardo do Campo in the 1970s, having become a union and anti-military dictatorship figure, albeit controversial, before being elected president of the republic.
São Bernardo also contributed to the development of brazilian cinema, mainly during the 50s and 60s, thanks to the Vera Cruz studios, which produced a great number of movies and revealed many notorious actors.
São Bernardo do Campo has a humid subtropical climate
. On average of the maximum temperatures is of 24.7 Celsius, on average of the minimums is of 15.08 and on average is of 19.09 Celsius. In the current year of 2010, the summer reached temperatures of 39°C and 40°C in January-February. Also in summer, normally in a few days occurs heavy storms that hits the city, reaching 110mm each one. Winter is the coldest of the ABC region. Some days in July and August, the temperatures reaches 8°C or less, but when winter is in the end, the hot begin again with temperatures reaching a rating of 23°C to 27°C.
.
Source: PNAD.http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/condicaodevida/indicadoresminimos/sinteseindicsociais2006/indic_sociais2006.pdf
based on the auto industry
- Be the first automakers to Brazil, such as Volkswagen, Ford, Scania, Toyota, Mercedes-Benz, Karmann Ghia - and paint industries as BASF , which produces paints Suvinil, and auto parts industries that support them and the largest industrial plant in the world of Colgate-Palmolive toothpaste.
In the 1990s, the economy of the region had a wide variation, which increased the importance of the service sector in the city. The trade is diverse and found in every neighborhood, especially the traditional trade Marshal Deodoro Street and environs, and the nationally known Center Furniture Jurubatuba, which gives the Sao Bernardo do Campo in the name of Mobile Capital. The construction and urban reform was boosted in 2008 with the construction of the southern section of the beltway, a ring road in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Avenida Pery Ronchetti with duplication and channeling Saracantan stream, plus the construction of many buildings, mostly residential, with reforms of the Metropolis Mall, the Golden Shopping Mall Heart of the inauguration of the new City Hall and City Hall.
(A = Santo André, B = São Bernardo do Campo, C = São Caetano do Sul
).
Public transportation in São Bernardo do Campo is provided by ETCSBC (Empresa de Transporte Coletivo de São Bernardo do Campo) and EMTU (Empresa Metropolitana de Transportes Urbanos, "Metropolitan Urban Transport Company").
The city is known for important private universities such as the Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
and Centro Universitário FEI.
SBC is also known because of the number of small Newspapers that the city has, for example: Jornal da Balsa, Jornal Hoje
, Tribuna do ABCD, and more.
There is the Diário do Grande ABC a daily news about all region, the paper is located in Santo André, but it is distributed in all ABC and some parts of São Paulo
.
, Italy
Shunan, Japan
Montigny-le-Bretonneux
, France
Mignano Monte Lungo
, Italy
Hodonin
, Czech Republic
Bavaria
, Germany
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
in the state of São Paulo, in southern Metropolitan
Metropolitan area
The term metropolitan area refers to a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing. A metropolitan area usually encompasses multiple jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships,...
São Paulo and São Paulo microregion. The municipality
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
's total area
Area
Area is a quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional surface or shape in the plane. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint necessary to cover the surface with a single coat...
is 408.45 km ² and a population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
estimated at 1 July 2009, according to the IBGE, was 810,979 inhabitants, which results in a population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
density of 1,962.5 inhabitants / km ².
History
The city was founded by João RamalhoJoão Ramalho
João Ramalho is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 is 4,245 and the area is 417.18 km². The elevation is 551 m....
in 1553 and was known as Vila de Santo André da Borda do Campo de Piratininga, soon transferred to another nearby place, safer from hostile tribes. It is, however, historically perceived as the first brazilian settlement built away from the sea. The original settlement was then resettled as São Bernardo, became a parish in 1812 and became a municipality in 1890. In 1938, it became a part of the Santo André district only to be separated again in 1945.
The area where São Bernardo do Campo, Santo André, São Caetano do Sul, and Diadema are located was once a farm owned by Benedictine monks, who owned enslaved Africans. By the second half of the 19th century, European immigrants started to come to the area, mainly from Italy. Italians settled in cottages in the rural area of São Bernardo do Campo that were called colônias. By the beginning of the 20th century, Japanese immigrants arrived, most of them going to the neighborhood called Cooperativa.
Industry, particularly metal works, thrived in the city during the 1960s, when São Bernardo do Campo became known as Brazil's Automobile Capital (Portuguese: a Capital do Automóvel). Many of these plants have since relocated to other regions but the automobile industry remains a vital part of the history of São Bernardo do Campo. The city is also known for its furniture industry developed by Italian immigrants, who helped São Bernardo do Campo become a High-Tech industrial pole.
Industrialization also attracted migrants from the Brazilian Northeastern region in the 1960s. Among them was the family of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva , known popularly as Lula, served as the 35th President of Brazil from 2003 to 2010.A founding member of the Workers' Party , he ran for President three times unsuccessfully, first in the 1989 election. Lula achieved victory in the 2002 election, and was inaugurated as...
, who grew up in the region. The former president of Brazil worked in automobile factories in São Bernardo do Campo in the 1970s, having become a union and anti-military dictatorship figure, albeit controversial, before being elected president of the republic.
São Bernardo also contributed to the development of brazilian cinema, mainly during the 50s and 60s, thanks to the Vera Cruz studios, which produced a great number of movies and revealed many notorious actors.
Geography
Locates-itself in the high one of the Mountain Range of the Sea, of the Atlantic plateau, occupies an area of 407,1 square kilometres, and the altitude varies between 60 meters of the level of the sea, in the juncture of Rio Passareúva with the river of the Grinders Foot of the Mountain Range, to 986.5 meters, in the peak of the Bonilha, in the neighborhood Montanhão.Climate
According the Köppen climate classificationKöppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
São Bernardo do Campo has a humid subtropical climate
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
. On average of the maximum temperatures is of 24.7 Celsius, on average of the minimums is of 15.08 and on average is of 19.09 Celsius. In the current year of 2010, the summer reached temperatures of 39°C and 40°C in January-February. Also in summer, normally in a few days occurs heavy storms that hits the city, reaching 110mm each one. Winter is the coldest of the ABC region. Some days in July and August, the temperatures reaches 8°C or less, but when winter is in the end, the hot begin again with temperatures reaching a rating of 23°C to 27°C.
Demographics
As of the census of 2006, the population was 803,906, making it the second most populous suburb of São Paulo, and fourth most populous city in the state. The population density was 1,937.02/km². The city is a municipality located in the Greater São PauloSão Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
.
| Color/Race | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Whites | 50,4% |
| Brown Pardo In Brazil, Pardo is a race/colour category used by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics in Brazilian censuses. It is a Portuguese word that encompasses various shades of brown, but is usually translated as "grayish-brown"... |
40,8% |
| Blacks Afro-Brazilian In Brazil, the term "preto" is one of the five categories used by the Brazilian Census, along with "branco" , "pardo" , "amarelo" and "indígena"... |
6,7% |
| Asian Asian Brazilian An Asian Brazilian is is a Brazilian citizen of full or partial Asian ancestry, who remains culturally connected to Asia, or an Asian-born person permanently residing in Brazil. Brazil received many immigrants from Asia, both from Middle East and East Asia... or Amerindian |
2% |
Source: PNAD.http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/condicaodevida/indicadoresminimos/sinteseindicsociais2006/indic_sociais2006.pdf
Ethnic groups
The population is composed of, or descends from African-Luso-Brazilians—Luso meaning Portuguese, Italians, Arabs and Asian, mostly Japanese, as well as Spaniards and Germans.Economy
St. Bernard, from the 50's had its economyEconomy
An economy consists of the economic system of a country or other area; the labor, capital and land resources; and the manufacturing, trade, distribution, and consumption of goods and services of that area...
based on the auto industry
Industry
Industry refers to the production of an economic good or service within an economy.-Industrial sectors:There are four key industrial economic sectors: the primary sector, largely raw material extraction industries such as mining and farming; the secondary sector, involving refining, construction,...
- Be the first automakers to Brazil, such as Volkswagen, Ford, Scania, Toyota, Mercedes-Benz, Karmann Ghia - and paint industries as BASF , which produces paints Suvinil, and auto parts industries that support them and the largest industrial plant in the world of Colgate-Palmolive toothpaste.
In the 1990s, the economy of the region had a wide variation, which increased the importance of the service sector in the city. The trade is diverse and found in every neighborhood, especially the traditional trade Marshal Deodoro Street and environs, and the nationally known Center Furniture Jurubatuba, which gives the Sao Bernardo do Campo in the name of Mobile Capital. The construction and urban reform was boosted in 2008 with the construction of the southern section of the beltway, a ring road in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Avenida Pery Ronchetti with duplication and channeling Saracantan stream, plus the construction of many buildings, mostly residential, with reforms of the Metropolis Mall, the Golden Shopping Mall Heart of the inauguration of the new City Hall and City Hall.
Colleges and universities
- Universidade Federal do ABCUniversidade Federal do ABCUniversidade Federal do ABC is a Brazilian institution of higher learning based in Santo André, with operations scheduled for several municipalities in the ABC region, all in the state of São Paulo....
- Faculdade de Tecnologia Termomecânica - FTT
- Faculdade SENAI de Tecnologia AmbientalSENAIServiço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial , Portuguese language for National Service for Industrial Training is a network of not-for-profit secondary level professional schools established and maintained by the Brazilian Confederation of Industry...
- Centro Universitário da FEIFeiFei is a traditional Chinese surname. It is ranked 65th in the Hundred Family Surnames.This surname has three main sources. Two of them are from the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period , part of present-day Shandong province. A senior official of the state of Lu was granted a city...
- Faculdade de Tecnologia de São Bernardo do Campo - FATEC
- Faculdade PanAmérica - FAPAN
- Faculdade de São Bernardo do Campo
- Faculdade Anchieta
- Faculdade de Direito de São Bernardo do CampoFaculdade de Direito de São Bernardo do CampoFaculty of Law of São Bernardo do Campo is a public institution of higher education located in São Bernardo do Campo.-History:...
- UMESP - Universidade Metodista de São PauloUniversidade Metodista de São PauloThe Universidade Metodista de São Paulo or Umesp is a private university based primarily in the city of São Bernardo do Campo, in the São Paulo state of Brazil....
- Seminário Presbiteriano Conservador
- Universidade Bandeirante de São Paulo - UNIBANUniversidade Bandeirante de São PauloUniversidade Bandeirante de São Paulo is a private university in São Paulo, Brazil. It is one of the largest higher learning institutions in the country, with approximately 75,000 undergraduate and graduate students and thirteen campuses in the cities of Sâo Paulo, Osasco and São Bernardo do Campo...
- Faculdade Interação Americana - FIA
- ESPM - Centro de Estudos de Propaganda e Marketing LTDA.
- Colégio Termomecanica
Today
The city is a core part of the ABC regionABC Region
The term ABC Region is an industrial region in Greater São Paulo, Brazil.The name refers to three smaller cities bordering on São Paulo, capital of the Brazilian state of the same name. Originally, these three cities were Santo André, São Bernardo do Campo, and São Caetano do Sul...
(A = Santo André, B = São Bernardo do Campo, C = São Caetano do Sul
São Caetano do Sul
São Caetano do Sul is a city in São Paulo state in Brazil, located in the Greater São Paulo Metropolitan Area. It is the city with the highest per capita income in Brazil and it also has the highest Human Development Index .-Geography:São Caetano do Sul is located on a plateau that is part of the...
).
Public transportation in São Bernardo do Campo is provided by ETCSBC (Empresa de Transporte Coletivo de São Bernardo do Campo) and EMTU (Empresa Metropolitana de Transportes Urbanos, "Metropolitan Urban Transport Company").
The city is known for important private universities such as the Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
The Universidade Metodista de São Paulo or Umesp is a private university based primarily in the city of São Bernardo do Campo, in the São Paulo state of Brazil....
and Centro Universitário FEI.
SBC is also known because of the number of small Newspapers that the city has, for example: Jornal da Balsa, Jornal Hoje
Jornal Hoje
Jornal Hoje is a news programme aired by the Brazilian television broadcaster Rede Globo; the programme is broadcast in the early afternoon each day from Monday to Saturday and comes after Globo Esporte and before Vídeo Show....
, Tribuna do ABCD, and more.
There is the Diário do Grande ABC a daily news about all region, the paper is located in Santo André, but it is distributed in all ABC and some parts of São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
.
| Northwest: Diadema | North: São Paulo São Paulo São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among... (except for Diadema) | Northeast: São Caetano do Sul São Caetano do Sul São Caetano do Sul is a city in São Paulo state in Brazil, located in the Greater São Paulo Metropolitan Area. It is the city with the highest per capita income in Brazil and it also has the highest Human Development Index .-Geography:São Caetano do Sul is located on a plateau that is part of the... and Santo André |
| West: São Paulo (except for Diadema) | São Bernardo do Campo | East: Cubatão |
| South: São Vicente | Southeast: Cubatão |
Sister cities
MarosticaMarostica
Marostica , is a town and comune in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, northern Italy. It is mostly famous for its living chess event and for the local cherry variety.-History:...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
Shunan, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
Montigny-le-Bretonneux
Montigny-le-Bretonneux
Montigny-le-Bretonneux is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. It is located in the south-western suburbs of Paris from the center, in the "new town" of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, of which it is the central and most populated...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Mignano Monte Lungo
Mignano Monte Lungo
Mignano Monte Lungo is a comune in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 70 km northwest of Naples and about 45 km northwest of Caserta....
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
Hodonin
Hodonín
Hodonín is a town on the River Morava in the southeast of Moravia, in the Czech Republic. It lies in the South Moravian Region. The population is 26,226 . Hodonín was first mentioned in 1046. In 1228 it became a town...
, Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...