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The Syrian Air Force (Al Quwwat al-Jawwiya al Arabiya as-Souriya) is the Aviation
Aircraft

An aircraft is a vehicle which is able to flight by being supported by the air, or in general, the atmosphere, of a planet. Examples include balloons, airplanes and helicopters....
 branch of the Syrian armed forces
Military of Syria

The President of Syria is commander in chief of the Syrian armed forces, comprising some 400,000 troops upon mobilization. The military is a conscripted force; males serve 24 months in the military upon reaching the age of 18....
.

roundel used by the Syrian Air Force has the same basic design as that used by the Egyptian Air Force
Egyptian Air Force

The Egyptian Air Force, or EAF , is the aviation branch of the Egyptian armed forces. The EAF is headed by an Air Marshal . Currently, the commander of the Egyptian Air Force is Air Marshal Reda Mahmoud Hafez Mohamed....
. It consists of three concentric circles, with a red outer, white middle and black inner. The unique part of the Syrian roundels is the presence of two green stars in the white circle, which is reflective of the two stars on the national flag
Flag of Syria

File:Flag of Syria.svgThe current flag of Syria was re-adopted in 1980. It is also the flag of the former United Arab Republic.History...
.






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The Syrian Air Force (Al Quwwat al-Jawwiya al Arabiya as-Souriya) is the Aviation
Aircraft

An aircraft is a vehicle which is able to flight by being supported by the air, or in general, the atmosphere, of a planet. Examples include balloons, airplanes and helicopters....
 branch of the Syrian armed forces
Military of Syria

The President of Syria is commander in chief of the Syrian armed forces, comprising some 400,000 troops upon mobilization. The military is a conscripted force; males serve 24 months in the military upon reaching the age of 18....
.

Markings

The roundel used by the Syrian Air Force has the same basic design as that used by the Egyptian Air Force
Egyptian Air Force

The Egyptian Air Force, or EAF , is the aviation branch of the Egyptian armed forces. The EAF is headed by an Air Marshal . Currently, the commander of the Egyptian Air Force is Air Marshal Reda Mahmoud Hafez Mohamed....
. It consists of three concentric circles, with a red outer, white middle and black inner. The unique part of the Syrian roundels is the presence of two green stars in the white circle, which is reflective of the two stars on the national flag
Flag of Syria

File:Flag of Syria.svgThe current flag of Syria was re-adopted in 1980. It is also the flag of the former United Arab Republic.History...
. The fin flash is also an image of the flag.

History

The end of World War II
World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
 led to a withdrawal of the United Kingdom
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
 and France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 from the Middle East
Middle East

File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
, and this included a withdrawal from Syria
Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....
. In 1948, the Syrian Air Force was officially established after the first class of pilots graduated from flight schools in Britain
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
.

The 1950s saw Syria
Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....
 and Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
 attempt to unify as the United Arab Republic
United Arab Republic

The United Arab Republic , often abbreviated as the U.A.R., was a union between Egypt and Syria. The union began in 1958 and existed until 1961 when Syria seceded from the union....
, this was reflected in the Syrian Air Force with growth in personnel and aircraft. However, this union would not last. With the ascent to power of the Baath Party and Hafez Al-Asad, Syria began looking to the members of the Warsaw Pact
Warsaw Pact

The Warsaw Pact was an organization of communist states in Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The treaty was signed in Warsaw, Poland on May 14, 1955 and official copies were made in Russian language, Polish language, Czech language and German language....
 for help and built closer ties with the USSR. This in turn led to a massive influx of Eastern-made equipment to the Syrian Armed Forces, including the Air Force.

The Syrian Air Force, despite its training and capabilities never fared well against Israel
Israel

Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
. In the Six-Day War
Six-Day War

In the Six-Day War of June 5-10, 1967, Israel defeated the armies of the neighboring states of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. In Arabic, the war is called ....
, the Syrian Air Force was defeated rapidly, losing two-thirds of its forces with the rest retreating to bases in remote parts of Syria. This in turn helped the IDF in defeating the Syrian Army on the ground and led to the loss of the Golan Heights
Golan Heights

The Golan Heights is a contested, strategic plateau and mountainous region at the southern end of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains. The term Golan Heights actually has two separate meanings, one geography and one political:...
.

The Yom Kippur War
Yom Kippur War

The Yom Kippur War, Ramadan War or October War , also known as the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and the Fourth Arab-Israeli War, was fought from October 6 to October 26, 1973 by a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel....
 provided initial success for both Syria
Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....
 and Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
. Though again Israel scored far more casualties in the air than it endured. Following this conflict, the Syrian Air Force continued to remain in the Eastern sphere of influence, whereas Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
 abandoned Eastern aid, and began building its Air Force
Egyptian Air Force

The Egyptian Air Force, or EAF , is the aviation branch of the Egyptian armed forces. The EAF is headed by an Air Marshal . Currently, the commander of the Egyptian Air Force is Air Marshal Reda Mahmoud Hafez Mohamed....
 with Western-made equipment.

During this war the Pakistani Air Force sent 16 pilots to the Middle East
Middle East

File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
 in order to support Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
 and Syria
Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....
 but by the time they arrived, Egypt had already been pushed into a ceasefire. Syria remained in a state of war against Israel
Israel

Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
. Eight (8) PAF pilots started flying out of Syrian airbases; they formed the A-flight of 67 Squadron at Dumayr Airbase.

The Pakistani pilots flew Syrian MiG-21 aircraft conducting CAP missions for the Syrians. Flt/Lt. A. Sattar Alvi became the first Pakistan
Pakistan

Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia and borders Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046 kilometre coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and People's Republic of China in th...
i pilot, during the Yom Kippur War, to shoot down an Israeli Mirage in air combat. He was honored by the Syrian government. Other aerial encounters involved Israeli F4 Phantoms; The Pakistani pilots stayed on in Syria until 1976, training Syrian pilots in the art of air warfare.

With Syria's continued supply of Eastern equipment its Air Force did not achieve any success during conflicts with Israel
Israel

Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
 over Lebanon
Lebanon

Lebanon , officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea....
 in the early 1980s, losing 87 planes while the Israeli Air Force
Israeli Air Force

The Israeli Air Force is the air force of the Israel Defense Forces. The current Commander in Chief is Aluf Ido Nehoshtan. The Israeli Air Force has approximately 700 aircraft....
 lost 0.

Modernization


Since then, the Syrian Air Force has continued to rebuild with Eastern-made equipment. However the full extent of this rebuilding is not known. Nor are the exact numbers of planes or what types of aircraft are in the Air Force. This is due to the amount of secrecy maintained by the Syrian government in regard to its military. It is known though that the Syrians have procured MiG-29s and Su-24
Sukhoi Su-24

The Sukhoi Su-24 was the Soviet Union's most advanced all-weather Air interdiction and attack aircraft in the 1970s and 1980s. The two-seat, twin-engined aircraft carried the USSR's first integrated digital nav/attack system....
s which should give its Air Force a great boost, though rumours regarding the recent purchase of some Su-27s appear to be unfounded. As of 2008, the Syrian Air Force is taking deliveries of 8 examples of MiG-31E from Russia, as well as MiG-29SMT and Yak-130.

In September 2007, the Syrian Air Force proved unable to intercept or stop the Israeli Air Force
Israeli Air Force

The Israeli Air Force is the air force of the Israel Defense Forces. The current Commander in Chief is Aluf Ido Nehoshtan. The Israeli Air Force has approximately 700 aircraft....
 in Operation Orchard
Operation Orchard

Operation Orchard was an Israeli airstrike on a target in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate of Syria carried out just after midnight on September 6, 2007....
.

Aircraft Inventory


! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Aircraft ! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Origin ! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type ! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Versions ! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Numbers In Service ! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Comments ! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Image |----- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Fighter Aircraft
Fighter aircraft

A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other aircraft, as opposed to a bomber, which is designed primarily to attack ground targets by dropping bombs....
 |----- | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 | | Multirole Aircraft (Various Roles) | MiG-29 total
MiG-29A
MiG-29SMT
MiG-29U | 62
42
14
6 | Plans to upgrade to MiG-29SMT, and acquire a squadron of MiG-29M2. |
Mig 29 Fuselage
|- | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23

The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 is a swing-wing fighter aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan bureau in the Soviet Union and is considered to belong to the "Third Generation" aircraft category along with similar-aged Russian-produced fighters like the MiG-25 "Foxbat"....
 | | Fighter | MiG-23 total
MiG-23
MiG-23BN
MiG-23UM | 173
107
60
6 | Plans to upgrade. |
Mig 23 Flogger K
|- | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25

The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 is a high-supersonic Interceptor aircraft and reconnaissance/bomber aircraft designed by the Soviet Union's Mikoyan bureau....
 | | Interceptor | MiG-25 total
MiG-25
MiG-25R
MiG-25U | 38
30
6
2 | ||- | Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21

The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 is a supersonic jet fighter aircraft, designed and built by the Mikoyan Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. It was popularly nicknamed "balalaika", from the aircraft's planform-view resemblance to the Balalaika or ol?wek by Polish pilots due to the shape of its fuselage....
 | | Fighter | MiG-21 total
MiG-21H/J
MiG-21
MiG-21U | 162
40
102
20 | plans to upgrade them, possibly with India ||----- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Ground Attack
Close air support

In military tactics, close air support is defined as air action by fixed or rotary winged aircraft against hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces, and which requires detailed integration of each air mission with fire and movement of these forces....
 |----- | Sukhoi Su-24
Sukhoi Su-24

The Sukhoi Su-24 was the Soviet Union's most advanced all-weather Air interdiction and attack aircraft in the 1970s and 1980s. The two-seat, twin-engined aircraft carried the USSR's first integrated digital nav/attack system....
 | | Ground Attack | Su-24 | 20 | ||- | Sukhoi Su-22 | | Attack | Su-22F | 50 | ||----- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Trainer Aircraft |----- |- | Aero L-39 Albatros
Aero L-39

The Aero L-39 Albatros is a high-performance jet trainer aircraft developed in Czechoslovakia to meet requirements for a "C-39" during the 1960s to replace the Aero L-29 Delf?n....
 | | Trainer | L-39 | 23 | |- | MBB 223 Flamingo
MBB 223 Flamingo

The MBB 223 Flamingo was a light aircraft developed in West Germany in the 1960s in response to a competition for a standard trainer for the country's aeroclubs....
 | West Germany
West Germany

West Germany was the common English name for the Germany , from its formation in May 1949 to German reunification in October 1990, when East Germany was dissolved and its States of Germany became part of the Federal Republic, ending the more than 40-year division of Germany....
 | Trainer | MBB 223 | 35 | |- | MFI-17 Mushshak | Pakistan
Pakistan

Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia and borders Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046 kilometre coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and People's Republic of China in th...
 | Trainer | MFI-17 | 6 | |----- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Transport Airplane |----- | Antonov An-26
Antonov An-26

The Antonov An-26 is a twin-engined light turboprop Cargo aircraft and is a development of the Antonov An-24, with particular attention to military use....
 | | Transport | An-26 | 5 | ||- | Ilyushin Il-76
Ilyushin Il-76

The Ilyushin Il-76 is a 4-engined strategic airlifter designed in the Soviet Union and in widespread use in Europe, Asia and Africa. Originally built for the military, the plane has subsequently seen extensive service as a commercial freighter, especially for the delivery of outsized or very heavy cargo....
 | | Transport | Il-76 | 4 | |
Sudan Nyala Airport Ilyushin 76
|- | Dassault Falcon 20
Dassault Falcon 20

The Dassault Falcon 20 is a France business jet and was the first of a family of business jets built by Dassault Aviation....
 | France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 | VIP Transport | | 2 | |- | Dassault Falcon 900 | France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 | VIP Transport | | 1 | |- | Tupolev Tu-134
Tupolev Tu-134

The Tupolev Tu-134 is a Soviet Union twin-engined airliner, similar to the American Douglas DC-9. One of the most widely used aircraft in the former Warsaw Pact countries, the number in active service is decreasing because of noise restrictions....
 | | VIP Transport | Tu-134 | 4 | |- | Yakovlev Yak-40
Yakovlev Yak-40

File:Lineup of Yak-40 at Zhulyany Airport.jpegThe Yakovlev Yak-40 is a small, trijet airliner that is often called the first regional jet transport aircraft....
 | | VIP Transport | Yak-40 | 6 | |----- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Attack Helicopter
Attack helicopter

An attack helicopter is a military helicopter specifically designed and built to carry weapons for attacking targets on the ground, such as enemy infantry, armored vehicles and structures....
 |----- | Mil Mi-24
Mil Mi-24

The Mil Mi-24 is a large helicopter gunship and low-capacity troop transport produced by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant and operated from 1972 by the Soviet Air Forces, its successors, and over thirty other nations....
 | | Attack Helicopter | Mi-24 | 46 | ||- | Aérospatiale SA-341 Gazelle
Aérospatiale Gazelle

The Gazelle is a France-designed helicopter, created by the company Sud Aviation, which later became A?rospatiale, and later still Eurocopter Group....
 | France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 | Attack Helicopter | SA-341 | 42 | |- | Mil Mi-2
Mil Mi-2

The Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant Mi-2 is a small, lightly armored transport helicopter that could also provide close air support when armed with 57 mm rockets and a 23 mm cannon....
 | Poland
Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
 | Attack Helicopter | Mi-2 | 20 | ||----- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Transport Helicopter |----- | Mil Mi-8
Mil Mi-8

The Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant Mi-8 is a medium twin-turbine transport helicopter that can also act as a gunship. The first prototype, the W-8, flew in 9 July 1961....
 | | Transport Helicopter | Mi-8 | 55 | ||- | Mil Mi-17
Mil Mi-17

The Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant Mi-17...
 | | Transport Helicopter | Mi-17 | 45 | ||}

Air Bases


Missiles


Air-to-air
Air-to-air missile

An air-to-air missile is a guided missile fired from an aircraft for the purpose of destroying another aircraft. AAMs are typically powered by one or more rocket motors, usually solid-fuel rocket but sometimes liquid-fuel rocket....

  • Vympel AA-2 Atoll
    Vympel K-13

    The K-13 , was one of the world's most proliferated air-to-air missiles. Developed by the Soviet Union as a reverse-engineered copy of the AIM-9 Sidewinder, it saw widespread service in many nations....
  • Bisnovat AA-6 Acrid
    Bisnovat R-40

    The Bisnovat R-40 was a long-range air-to-air missile developed in the 1960s by the Soviet Union for use by interceptor aircraft....
     - to be retired
  • Vympel AA-7 Apex
    Vympel R-23

    The Vympel R-23 is a medium-range air-to-air missile developed by the Soviet Union for fighter aircraft. An updated version with greater range, the R-24, replaced it in service....
  • Molniya AA-8 Aphid
    Molniya R-60

    The Molniya R-60 is a lightweight air-to-air missile designed for use by Soviet fighter aircraft. It has been widely exported, and remains in service with the Commonwealth of Independent States and many other nations....
  • Vympel AA-9 Amos
    Vympel R-33

    The Vympel R-33 is a long-range air-to-air missile developed by the Soviet Union. It is the primary armament of the Mikoyan MiG-31 interceptor, intended to attack large high-speed targets such as the SR-71 Blackbird, the B-1 Lancer bomber, and the B-52 Stratofortress....
     - on order
  • Vympel AA-10 Alamo
    Vympel R-27

    The Vympel R-27 is a medium-range air-to-air missile developed by the Soviet Union. It remains in service with the Commonwealth of Independent States and Russian Air Force....


Air-to-surface
Air-to-surface missile

An air-to-surface missile is a missile designed to be launched from military aircraft and strike ground targets on land, at sea, or both. They are similar to guided glide bombs but to be considered a missile, they usually contain some form of propulsion system....

  • Zvezda AS-7 Kerry
    Kh-23

    The Zvezda Kh-66 and Kh-23 Grom are a family of early Soviet Union tactical air-to-surface missiles with a range of 10 km. They were intended for use against small ground or naval targets....
  • Zvezda AS-10 Karen
    Kh-25

    The Kh-25/Kh-25M is a family of Russian lightweight air-to-ground missiles with a modular range of guidance systems and a range of 10 km. The anti-radar variant is known to NATO as the AS-12 'Kegler and has a range up to 40 km....
  • Raduga AS-11 Kilter
    Kh-58

    The Kh-58 is a Russian anti-radiation missile with a range of 120 km. the Kh-58U variant was still the primary anti-radiation missile of Russia and her allies....
  • Zvezda AS-12 Kegler
    Kh-25

    The Kh-25/Kh-25M is a family of Russian lightweight air-to-ground missiles with a modular range of guidance systems and a range of 10 km. The anti-radar variant is known to NATO as the AS-12 'Kegler and has a range up to 40 km....
  • Molniya AS-14 Kedge
    Kh-29

    The Kh-29 is a Russian air-to-surface missile with a range of 10-30 km. It has a large warhead of 320 kg, has a choice of laser or TV guidance, and is typically carried by tactical aircraft such as the Su-24 'Fencer' and Su-30 'Flanker'....
  • Euromissile HOT
    Euromissile HOT

    HOT is an anti-tank missile system developed by Euromissile , a joint venture of France and Germany, and produced since 1978. It has become one of the most successful missiles of its class, used by no fewer than a dozen countries worldwide and has been validated in actual combat....


Surface-to-air
Surface-to-air missile

A surface to air missile or ground-to-air missile is a missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft. It is a type of anti-aircraft....

  • Lavochkin SA-2 Guideline
    S-75 Dvina

    The Lavochkin S-75 is a Soviet designed high-altitude, command guided, surface-to-air missile system. Since its first deployment in 1957, it has become the most widely deployed and used air defense missile in history....
     launchers
  • Isayev SA-3 Goa
    S-125

    The Aleksei Mihailovich Isaev S-125 Neva/Pechora Soviet surface-to-air missile system was designed to complement the S-25 Berkut and S-75 Dvina....
     launchers - under upgrade
  • Almaz SA-5 Gammon launchers
  • SA-8 Gecko
    9K33 Osa

    The 9K33 OSA is a highly mobile, low-altitude, short-range tactical surface-to-air missile system. "9K33" is its GRAU designation. Its NATO reporting name is SA-8 Gecko....


See also

  • Air Force Intelligence Directorate
    Air Force Intelligence Directorate

    Air Force Intelligence is an intelligence service of Syria. It mainly is involved with things other than airforce intelligence. This service was headed for nearly thirty years Maj....


External links