Symphony No. 14 (Haydn)
Encyclopedia
Joseph Haydn
's Symphony No. 14 in A major, Hoboken
I/14, may have been written between 1761 and 1763.
Symphony No. 14 is scored for 2 oboe
s, bassoon
, 2 horn
s, strings and continuo. As was becoming more common for Haydn, this symphony has four movements:
The Andante was originally the finale of an early divertimento
"Der Geburtstag" (en. "Birthday"), Hob. II/11. The variations of the divertimento are reworked into sonata form for the symphony.
The trio of the Minuet features an oboe solo accompanied by violins and cello.
The finale is highly contrapuntal
and is based on a descending scale.
Joseph Haydn
Franz Joseph Haydn , known as Joseph Haydn , was an Austrian composer, one of the most prolific and prominent composers of the Classical period. He is often called the "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet" because of his important contributions to these forms...
's Symphony No. 14 in A major, Hoboken
Hoboken-Verzeichnis
The Hoboken-Verzeichnis is the catalogue of over 750 works by Joseph Haydn as compiled by Anthony van Hoboken.Unlike Ludwig von Köchel's catalogue of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's works, or Otto Erich Deutsch's catalogue of Franz Schubert's works, which are both arranged chronologically by date of...
I/14, may have been written between 1761 and 1763.
Symphony No. 14 is scored for 2 oboe
Oboe
The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. In English, prior to 1770, the instrument was called "hautbois" , "hoboy", or "French hoboy". The spelling "oboe" was adopted into English ca...
s, bassoon
Bassoon
The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that typically plays music written in the bass and tenor registers, and occasionally higher. Appearing in its modern form in the 19th century, the bassoon figures prominently in orchestral, concert band and chamber music literature...
, 2 horn
Horn (instrument)
The horn is a brass instrument consisting of about of tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. A musician who plays the horn is called a horn player ....
s, strings and continuo. As was becoming more common for Haydn, this symphony has four movements:
- Allegro molto, 3/4
- Andante in D majorD majorD major is a major scale based on D, consisting of the pitches D, E, F, G, A, B, and C. Its key signature consists of two sharps. Its relative minor is B minor and its parallel minor is D minor....
, 2/4 - Menuetto e Trio: Allegretto, with the Trio in A minorA minorA minor is a minor scale based on A, consisting of the pitches A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. The harmonic minor scale raises the G to G...
, both 3/4 - Allegro, 6/8
The Andante was originally the finale of an early divertimento
Divertimento
Divertimento is a musical genre, with most of its examples from the 18th century. The mood of the divertimento is most often lighthearted and it is generally composed for a small ensemble....
"Der Geburtstag" (en. "Birthday"), Hob. II/11. The variations of the divertimento are reworked into sonata form for the symphony.
The trio of the Minuet features an oboe solo accompanied by violins and cello.
The finale is highly contrapuntal
Counterpoint
In music, counterpoint is the relationship between two or more voices that are independent in contour and rhythm and are harmonically interdependent . It has been most commonly identified in classical music, developing strongly during the Renaissance and in much of the common practice period,...
and is based on a descending scale.