Swabia

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Swabia

Swabia, Suabia, or Svebia is both a historic and linguistic

Linguistics

Linguistics is the science study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure and the study of Meaning ....
(see Swabian German

Swabian German

Swabian is one of the Alemannic German dialects of High German languages, spoken in the region of Swabia. Swabia covers much of Germany's southwestern Bundesland of Baden-W?rttemberg and the southwest of the Bundesland Bavaria....
) region in Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
. Swabia consists of much of the present-day state of Baden-Württemberg

Baden-Württemberg

Württemberg

W?rttemberg [], formerly known as Wirtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
and the Hohenzollerische Lande), as well as the Bavaria

Bavaria

Bavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is a region located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest States of Germany of Germany by area....
n administrative region of Swabia

Swabia (administrative region)

Swabia is one of the seven Regierungsbezirks of Bavaria, Germany, located in southwest Bavaria. It was formed out of the part of the historic region of Swabia which was annexed by Bavaria in 1803....
. In the Middle Ages

Middle Ages

File:Karl 1 mit papst gelasius gregor1 sacramentar v karl d kahlen.jpgThe Middle Ages of European history are a period in history which lasted for roughly a millennium, commonly dated from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Early Modern Period in the 16th century, marked by the division of Western Christi...
, Baden, Vorarlberg

Vorarlberg

Vorarlberg is the westernmost and wealthiest States of Austria of Austria. Though it is the second smallest in terms of area , it borders three countries; Germany , Switzerland and Liechtenstein....
, the modern principality of Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein

The Principality of Liechtenstein is a Landlocked country#Doubly landlocked country alpine country microstate in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland to the west and by Austria to the east....
, modern German-speaking Switzerland

Switzerland

Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
, and Elsass (now belonging to France

France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
) were also considered to be a part of Swabia.

years ago, the Suebi

Suebi

The Suebi or Suevi were a group of Germanic peoples who were first mentioned by Julius Caesar in connection with Ariovistus' campaign, c....
or Suevi were an Elbe Germanic people whose origin was near the Baltic Sea

Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is a brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53?N to 66?N latitude and from 20?E to 26?E longitude. It is bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Denmark islands....
, which was thus known to the Romans as the Mare Suebicum (today, the term "Swabian Sea" is applied to Lake Constance

Lake Constance

Under the designation Lake Constance one summarizes the three independent Body of water Obersee , Untersee and Seerhein , lying in the northern Alps foreland....
).

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Encyclopedia

Swabia, Suabia, or Svebia is both a historic and linguistic

Linguistics

Swabian German

Germany

Baden-Württemberg

Württemberg

Bavaria

Swabia (administrative region)

Middle Ages

Vorarlberg

Liechtenstein

Switzerland

France

History

Suebi

2000 years ago, the Suebi

Suebi

Baltic Sea

Lake Constance

Under the designation Lake Constance one summarizes the three independent Body of water Obersee , Untersee and Seerhein , lying in the northern Alps foreland....
). They migrated to the southwest, becoming part of the Alamanni

Alamanni

The Alamanni, Allemanni, or Alemanni were originally an alliance of Germanic languagess located around the upper Main river . One of the earliest references to them is the cognomen Alamannicus assumed by Caracalla, who ruled the Roman Empire from 211?17 and claimed thereby to be their defeater....
c confederacy. The Alamanni were ruled by independent kings throughout the 4th and 5th centuries. Also, a number of Suevi (20,000-50,000) reached the Iberian Peninsula

Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes modern-day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar and a very small area of France....
under king Hermeric

Hermeric

Hermeric was the Suevic King of Galicia from perhaps as early as 406 and certainly no later than 419 until his retirement in 438. He was a Germanic paganism and an enemy of the Roman Empire throughout his life....
and established an independent kingdom in 410 in what is now northern Portugal

Portugal

Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Located in southwestern Europe, Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east....
, Galicia, and western regions of Asturias

Asturias

The Principality of Asturias is an autonomous communities of Spain within the kingdom of Spain, former Kingdom of Asturias in the Middle Ages....
and most of León

León (province)

Le?n is a Provinces of Spain of northwestern Spain, in the northwestern part of the Autonomous communities of Spain of Castile and Leon.About one quarter of its population of 500,200 lives in the capital, Le?n, Le?n....
(in northwest Spain). It endured until 585. Its political center was Braccara Augusta (present-day Braga

Braga

Braga , a List of municipalities of Portugal and municipalities of Portugal in northwestern Portugal, is the capital of the Braga , the oldest Archdiocese of Braga and one of the major cities of the country....
, Portugal).

Duchy of Swabia

Swabia became a duchy under the Frankish Empire

Frankish Empire

Francia or Frankia, later also called the Frankish Empire , Frankish Kingdom , Frankish Realm or occasionally Frankland, was the territory inhabited and ruled by the Franks from the 3rd to the 10th century....
in 496, following the Battle of Tolbiac

Battle of Tolbiac

The Battle of Tolbiac was fought between the Franks under Clovis I and the Alamanni, traditionally set in 496. The site of "Tolbiac", or "Tulpiacum" is usually given as Z?lpich, North Rhine-Westphalia, about 60km east of the present German-Belgium frontier, which is not implausible....
. Swabia was one of the original stem duchies

Stem duchy

Stem duchies were associated with the Frankish Kingdom, especially the Eastern Francia, in the Early Middle Ages. In contrast to later duchies, these entities were not defined by strict administrative boundaries but by the area of settlement of major Germanic tribes....
of East Francia, the later Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
, as it developed in the 9th and 10th centuries. The Hohenstaufen

Hohenstaufen

The House of Hohenstaufen was a dynasty of List of German Kings and Emperors , many of whom were also crowned Holy Roman Emperor and Duke of Swabia....
dynasty

Dynasty

A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations. A dynasty is also often called a "Royal House", e.g. the House of Saud or House of Habsburg....
(the dynasty of Frederick Barbarossa), which ruled the Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
in the 12th and 13th centuries, arose out of Swabia, but following the execution of Conradin

Conradin

Conrad , called the Younger or the Boy, but usually known by the diminutive Conradin , was the Duke of Swabia , Kingdom of Jerusalem , and Kingdom of Sicily ....
, the last Hohenstaufen, on October 29, 1268, the original duchy gradually broke up into many smaller units.

Holy Roman Empire

Karl the Great's (or Charlemagne

Charlemagne

Charlemagne was List of Frankish kings from 768 to his death. He expanded the Franks kingdoms into a Carolingian Empire that incorporated much of Western Europe and Central Europe....
) family is known to hail from Swabia. The major dynasties that arose out of the region were the Habsburg

Habsburg

The House of Habsburg was an important royal house of Europe and is best known as supplying all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1452 and 1740, as well as rulers of Spanish Empire and the Austrian Empire....
s, but also the Hohenzollerns, who rose to prominence in Northern Germany, stem from Swabia, as well as the local dynasties of the Dukes of Württemberg

Württemberg

W?rttemberg [], formerly known as Wirtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
and the Margrave

Margrave

Margrave is the English language and French language form of the German language title Markgraf and certain equivalent nobiliary titles in other languages....
s of Baden

Baden

Baden is a historical state on the east bank of the Rhine River in the southwest of Germany, now the western part of the Baden-W?rttemberg of Germany....
. The Welf

Elder House of Welf

The Elder House of Welf was a dynasty of European rulers in the 9th through 11th centuries to 1055. It consisted of two groups, a Burgundy group and a Swabian group....
family went on to rule in Bavaria

Kingdom of Bavaria

The Kingdom of Bavaria was a Germany state that existed from 1806–1918. Elector Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria of the House of Wittelsbach became the first King of Bavaria in 1806....
and Hanover

Kingdom of Hanover

The Kingdom of Hanover was established in October of 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III of the United Kingdom to his Hanoverian territories after the Napoleonic wars....
, and are ancestral to the British royal family

British Royal Family

The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives of the Monarchy of the United Kingdom. The term is also commonly applied to the same group of people as the relations of the monarch in his or her Commonwealth realm#The Crown in the Commonwealth realmss, thus sometimes at variance with official national terms for the family....
that has ruled since 1714. Smaller feudal dynasties eventually disappeared; however, for example, branches of the Montfort

Montfort of Vorarlberg

The Swabian Counts of Montfort were a Germany noble dynasty.The influential and wealthy counts of Montfort have their name from an ancestral castle, Montfort, which was situated quite close to today's Swiss border near G?tzis in Vorarlberg....
s and Hohenems

Hohenems

Hohenems is a town in the westernmost Austrian province of Vorarlberg, in the Dornbirn .Hohenems' attractions include a palace dating back to the 16th century, where the first manuscript of the...
lived until modern times, and the Fürstenberg

Fürstenberg (princely family)

F?rstenberg is the name of a noble house in Germany, based primarily in southern Baden-W?rttemberg. The family derives its name from the fortified town of the line's founder, Count Heinrich von F?rstenberg, today part of H?fingen....
survive still. The region proved to be one of the most divided in the Empire, containing, in addition to these principalities, numerous free cities

Free Imperial City

In the Holy Roman Empire, a free imperial city was a city formally ruled by the emperor only — as opposed to the majority of cities in the Empire, which belonged to a List of states in the Holy Roman Empire and so were governed by one of the many princes of the Empire, such as dukes or prince-bishops....
, ecclesiastical territories, and fiefdoms of lesser count

Count

A count is a nobleman in European countries; The word count comes from French language comte, itself from Latin comes?in its Accusative case comitem?meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor"....
s and knight

Knight

File:Gothic armor 2.jpgKnight is the term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. In the Commonwealth of Nations, knighthood is a non-heritable form of gentry....
s.

The Old Swiss Confederacy

Old Swiss Confederacy

The Old Swiss Confederacy was the precursor of modern-day Switzerland. The Swiss Eidgenossenschaft, as the Confederacy was called, was a loose federation of largely independent small states called Cantons of Switzerland that existed from the late 13th century until 1798, when it was invaded by the France Republic, who transformed it into...
was de facto independent from Swabia from 1499 as a result of the Swabian War

Swabian War

The Swabian War of 1499 was the last major armed conflict between the Old Swiss Confederacy and the House of Habsburg. What had begun as a local conflict over the control of the Val M?stair and the Umbrail Pass in the Grisons soon got out of hand when both parties called upon their allies for help; the Habsburgs demanding the support of the...
.

Fearing the power of the greater princes, the cities and smaller secular rulers of Swabia joined to form the Swabian League

Swabian League

The Swabian League was an association of Germany cities, principalities and knights principally in the territory which had formed the old duchy of Swabia....
in the 15th century. The League was quite successful, notably expelling the Duke of Württemberg in 1519 and putting in his place a Habsburg governor, but the league broke up a few years later over religious differences inspired by the Reformation

Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation was a Christian reform movement in Europe. It is thought to have begun in 1517 with Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses and may be considered to have ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648....
, and the Duke of Württemberg was soon restored. The region was quite divided by the Reformation. While secular princes like the Duke of Württemberg and the Margrave of Baden-Durlach, as well as most of the Free Cities, became Protestant, the ecclesiastical territories (including the bishopric

Bishopric

Bishopric may refer to:*Diocese an ecclesiastical region run by a bishop in the Roman Catholic, Orthodox Christian, Anglican and some Lutheran churches....
s of Augsburg, Konstanz and others) remained Catholic

Roman Catholic Church

The Roman Catholic Church, officially known as the Catholic Church is the world's largest Christianity Ecclesia , representing over half of all Christians and one-sixth of the world population....
, as did the territories belonging to the Habsburgs, Hohenzollerns and the Margrave of Baden-Baden

Baden-Baden

Baden-Baden is a town in Baden-W?rttemberg, Germany. It is located on the western foothills of the Black Forest, on the banks of the Oos River, in the region of Karlsruhe ....
.

Modern history

In the wake of the territorial reorganization of the Empire of 1803 by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss, the shape of Swabia was entirely changed. All the ecclesiastical estates were secularized, and most of the smaller secular states, and almost all of the free cities, were mediatized, leaving only Württemberg, Baden and Hohenzollern as sovereign states. Much of Eastern Swabia became part of Bavaria

Bavaria

Bavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is a region located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest States of Germany of Germany by area....
, forming what is now the Bavarian administrative region of Swabia.

From 1939 to 1945, Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the colloquial English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party , which established a Totalitarianism dictatorship that existed from 1933 to 1945....
claimed sovereignty over an area of Antarctica

Antarctica

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent, overlying the South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctica of the southern hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean....
, which was named Neu-Schwabenland in honour of Swabia.

Swabian settlements abroad

Outside of Germany, many Swabians settled in Hungary

Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
, including part of what is now Serbia

Serbia

Romania

Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
(the Danube Swabians

Danube Swabians

The Danube Swabians is a collective term for Germans who lived in the former Kingdom of Hungary, especially in the Danube River valley. Because of differential development within the territory settled, the Danube Swabians cannot be seen as a unified people....
and Swabian Turkey

Swabian Turkey

The term Swabian Turkey describes a region in southeastern Transdanubia in Hungary delimited by the Danube , the Drava , and Lake Balaton inhabited by an ethnic German minority....
) in the 18th century, where they were invited as pioneers to repopulate some areas. They also settled in Russia

Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
, Bessarabia

Bessarabia

Bessarabia is a historical term for the geographic entity in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
, and Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan, also Kazakstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a large Eurasian country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the List of countries by area as well as the world's largest landlocked country, it has a territory of 2,727,300 km? ....
. They were well-respected as farmers. Outside of Europe, Swabian settlements can also be found in Brazil

Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the List of countries by population country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world....
, Canada

Canada

United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
. The town of Swaffham

Swaffham

Swaffham is a market town and civil parish in the England county of Norfolk. The town is situated 1 E4 m east of King's Lynn and 1 E4 m west of Norwich....
, Norfolk

Norfolk

Norfolk is a low-lying Counties of England in the East of England. It has borders with Lincolnshire to the west, Cambridgeshire to the west and southwest and with Suffolk to the south....
means "homestead of the Swabians", some of whom must presumably have settled in England

England

Angles

The Angles is a modern English language word for a Germanic languages people who took their name from the cultural ancestral region of Angeln, a modern district located in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany....
and Saxons

Saxons

The Saxons were a confederation of Germanic peoples. Their modern-day descendants in Saxony are considered ethnic Germans; those in the eastern Netherlands are considered to be ethnic Dutch people; those in north eastern Belgium are considered to be ethnic Flemish people; and those in southern England ethnic English people ....
.

Popular culture

: For information on the distinct Swabian dialect see Swabian German
Swabian German

Swabian is one of the Alemannic German dialects of High German languages, spoken in the region of Swabia. Swabia covers much of Germany's southwestern Bundesland of Baden-W?rttemberg and the southwest of the Bundesland Bavaria....
.

Swabians have in former times been the target of many jokes and stories where they are depicted as excessively stingy, overly serious, prudish, or as simpletons, for instance in "The Seven Swabians" (Die sieben Schwaben) published in Kinder- und Hausmärchen by the Brothers Grimm

Brothers Grimm

The Brothers Grimm , Jakob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm , were Germans academics who were best known for publishing collections of folk tales and fairy tales and for their work in linguistics, relating to how the sounds in words shift over time ....
. Similar jokes are often made by the Dutch

Dutch people

The Dutch are the people native to the Netherlands, a country in north-western Europe.Dutch people, or descendants of Dutch people, are also found in migrant communities world wide,See the Dutch #Dutch diaspora. and form a mentionable part of the population of Canada,Australia, South Africa and the United States....
and French

French people

French people can refer to:* The legal residents and citizens of France, regardless of ancestry. For a legal discussion, see French nationality law....
toward Belgians, the Russians

Russians

The Russian people are an East Slavs ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries.The English language term Russians is used to refer to the citizens of Russia, regardless of their ethnicity ; in Russian language, the demonym Russian is translated as Rossiyanin ....
towards Georgians

Georgians

The Georgians are a nation and ethnic group originating in the Caucasus, the oldest group of the South Caucasian peoples people mainly centered in Georgia , but also living in Turkey, Russia, the United States, Iran, and other countries....
, the Australians toward New Zealanders, or Canadians

Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
toward Newfoundlanders. However, this has ceased to a large extent, while Swabians are nowadays said to be frugal, clever, entrepreneurial and hard-working. In a widely respected publicity campaign on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Baden-Württemberg

Baden-Württemberg

Baden-W?rttemberg is one of the 16 States of Germany of the Federal Republic of Germany. Baden-W?rttemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine?but one which has some of its major cities straddling the banks of the Neckar River ....
, the economically most successful state in modern Germany, the Swabians famously replied to the former jokes with: ""We can do everything - except speaking High German" (Wir können alles. Außer Hochdeutsch), alluding to the region's distinct local dialect.

Many Swabian surnames end with the suffixes -le, -el, -ehl, and -lin. Examples would be: Schäuble, Egeler, Rommel
Rommel

Rommel is the family name of*Erwin Rommel, German Field Marshal*Eddie Rommel, American baseball pitcher and umpire*Juliusz R?mmel, Polish general...
, and Gmelin. The popular surname Schwab is derived from this area, meaning literally "Swabian".

In Switzerland

Switzerland

Swabian War

Serbian language

name=Serbian|nativename=|pronunciation=['sr?pski?]|familycolor=Indo-European|map=|states=See below under "Official status", besides that in Croatia and as an immigrant's language spread over Central Europe and Western Europe, as well as Northern America...
, Polish

Polish language

Polish , an official language of Poland, has the largest number of speakers of any West Slavic languages. Polish-speakers use the language in a uniform manner through most of Poland, and it has a regular orthography....
, and Bulgarian

Bulgarian language

Bulgarian is an Indo-European languages, a member of the Slavic languages linguistic group.Bulgarian demonstrates several linguistic innovations that set it apart from all other Slavic languages except Macedonian language, such as the elimination of grammatical case, the development of a suffixed definite article , the lack of a verb infin...
, "Shvab" or "Szwab" may be a semi-abusive term for any German, not just one from Swabia (like Kraut for the English). In parts of the former Yugoslavia (i.e. Slovenia

Slovenia

Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north....
, Slavonija in Croatia

Croatia

Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a Central European country at the crossroads of Pannonian Plain, Balkans, and the Mediterranean Sea....
, and Vojvodina

Vojvodina

The Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an Subdivisions of Serbia in Serbia, containing about 27% of its total population according to the 2002 Census....
in Serbia

Serbia

Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country in Central Europe and Balkans Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkans....
), the term Swab (locally Švab, from ????) is somewhat applied to all German peoples who lived in those regions until shortly after World War II, and many of their descendants; it is even occasionally used as a slang term to refer to all Germans as well as Austrians and Swiss German speaking people.

Related Alemannic dialects

Swabian (Schwäbisch) is one of the Alemannic German

Alemannic German

Alemannic German is a group of dialects of the Upper German branch of the Germanic language. It is spoken by approximately ten million people in six countries, including southern Germany, Switzerland, France, Austria, Liechtenstein, and Italy....
dialects of High German, spoken in the region of Swabia, present in the North-Eastern area of the Alemannic Sprachraum

Sprachraum

Sprachraum is a linguistics term used to designate a geographical area where a language, dialect, language family is spoken. The German language word Sprachraum literally means "language area"....
. A separate version of Wikipedia is maintained as , which the main page called Houptsyte.

Famous Swabians

The following is an abbreviated list of individuals who hailed from the region. Inclusion in this list is not indicative of descent from the original Swabians.

Josef Eberle (Swabian Poet who versed Swabian poems)
Friedrich Gustav Jaeger (German officer during WWII who participated in an assassination attempt on Hitler)
Leopold Mozart
Leopold Mozart

Johann Georg Leopold Mozart was a composer, conductor, teacher, and violinist. He is best known today as the father and teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and for his violin textbook Versuch einer gr?ndlichen Violinschule....
, father of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood in Salzburg. Already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty; at seventeen he was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg, but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position, always...
, the family originally came from Swabia
Maria-Luise Woehrle (Arctic weather expert and region skiing champion)
Andreas Stihl
Andreas Stihl

Andreas Stihl was an engineer and important inventor in the area of chainsaws, the founder of the company Stihl.Stihl founded a company for steam boiler prefiring systems in 1926 in the town of Cannstatt, near Stuttgart, Germany....
(founder of Stihl Maschinenfabrik)
Götz von Berlichingen
Götz von Berlichingen

G?tz von Berlichingen was a German people knight , and Mercenary. He was born around 1480 at Berlichingen in W?rttemberg to a noble family. He owned the castle located near the Neckar River in what is now Baden-W?rttemberg....
("the knight with the iron fist")
Johann Georg Faust
Faust

Faust or Faustus is the protagonist of a classic German folklore who makes a pact with the Devil in exchange for knowledge. Faust's tale is the basis for many literary, artistic, cinematic, and musical works, such as those by Christopher Marlowe, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Thomas Mann, Hector Berlioz, Franz Liszt, Charles Gounod, Gu...
(protagonist of tales and dramas)
Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler

Johannes Kepler was a Germans mathematician, astronomer and astrologer, and key figure in the 17th century Scientific revolution. He is best known for his eponymous Kepler's laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican Astrononomy....
(astronomer and mathematician)
Kraft Werner Jaeger (German officer during WWII who participated in an assassination attempt on Hitler)
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling

Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling , later von Schelling, was a Germany philosopher. Standard histories of philosophy make him the midpoint in the development of German Idealism, situating him between Johann Gottlieb Fichte, his mentor prior to 1800, and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, his former university roommate and erstwhile friend....
(philosopher)
Friedrich Schiller
Friedrich Schiller

Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller [johan/jo?han kr?st?f fri?t??? f?n ??l??/??l?] was a Germany poet, philosopher, historian, and playwright....
(historian and writer, Wilhelm Tell, Die Räuber, Maria Stuart, "Ode an die Freude")
Lorenz Oken
Lorenz Oken

Lorenz Oken was a Germany natural history.Oken was born Lorenz Okenfuss in Bohlsbach in Swabia and studied natural history and medicine at the universities of University of Freiburg and University of W?rzburg....
(biologist, anatomist, natural philosopher)
Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer
Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer

Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer was a German biologist and naturalist born in Bebenhausen, today part of the city of T?bingen.He initially studied at Karlsschule Stuttgart, then furthered his education at the University of G?ttingen , where he had as instructors Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich Gmelin and Georg Christoph Lichtenberg....
(biologist)
Konrad von Jungingen
Konrad von Jungingen

Konrad von Jungingen was the 25th Grand Masters of the Teutonic Knights of the Teutonic Knights, serving from 1393 to 1407.Born in Jungingen in southwestern Germany, Konrad was the elder brother of Ulrich von Jungingen, who was his successor as Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights....
(Grand Master of the Teutonic Order)
Ulrich von Jungingen
Ulrich von Jungingen

Ulrich von Jungingen was the 26th Grand Masters of the Teutonic Knights of the Teutonic Knights, serving from 1407-10. His policy of confrontation with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland led to disaster for the Order in the Battle of Grunwald....
(Grand Master of the Teutonic Order)
Friedrich Hölderlin
Friedrich Hölderlin

Johann Christian Friedrich H?lderlin was a major German lyric Poetry. His work bridges the Neoclassicism and Romantic poetry schools.Having spent most of his life tormented by mental illness, he suffered great loneliness, and often spent his time playing the piano, drawing, reading, writing, and enjoyed travelling when he had the chance....
(poet)
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German people philosopher, and with Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, one of the creators of German idealism....
(philosopher)
Friedrich Adler
Friedrich Adler

Friedrich Adler may refer to:*Friedrich Adler , German architect and archaeologist*Friedrich Adler , Czech-Austrian politician*Friedrich Adler , German artist and designer, died in Auschwitz...
(Jugendstil and Art Deco designer)
Ottmar Mergenthaler
Ottmar Mergenthaler

Ottmar Mergenthaler was a Germany inventor, who has been called a second Johannes Gutenberg because his invention of a machine that could easily and quickly set movable type....
(inventor of the linotype)
Hans Schober
Schlaich Bergermann & Partner

Schlaich Bergermann & Partner, based in Stuttgart, Germany is a world-renowned structural engineering firm. It was founded in 1980 by J?rg Schlaich and Rudolf Bergermann....
(structural engineer)
Justinus Kerner
Justinus Kerner

Justinus Andreas Christian Kerner , was a Germany poet and medical writer....
(poet)
Ludwig Uhland
Ludwig Uhland

Johann Ludwig Uhland , was a Germany poet.He was born in T?bingen, and studied jurisprudence at the university there, but also took an interest in medieval literature....
(poet)
Eduard Mörike
Eduard Mörike

Eduard Friedrich M?rike was a Germany Romanticism Poetry.He studied Theology at the University of T?bingen, and followed the ecclesiastical career, becoming a Lutheranism pastor....
(poet)
Wilhelm Hauff
Wilhelm Hauff

Wilhelm Hauff was a German poet and novelist....
(poet)
Siegfried Einstein
Siegfried Einstein

Siegfried Einstein was a Germany-Jewish poet, novelist, essayist and journalist....
(poet)
Gottlieb Daimler
Gottlieb Daimler

Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler was an engineer, industrial designer and industrialist, born in Schorndorf , in what is now the Germany. He was a pioneer of internal-combustion engines and automobile development....
(developer of the first modern car, founder of Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft
Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft

Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft was a Germany engine and later automobile manufacturer, in operation from 1890 until 1926. Founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach, it was based first in Cannstatt ....
, today: Daimler
Daimler

Daimler may refer to:*Gottlieb Daimler, German automobile inventor...
)
Rudolf Diesel
Rudolf Diesel

Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel was a French_People/German_people inventor and mechanical engineer, famous for the invention of the diesel engine....
(inventor of the Diesel engine
Diesel engine

A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine which operates using the diesel cycle . Diesel engines have the highest thermal efficiency compared to any internal combustion or external combustion engine....
)
Robert Bosch
Robert Bosch

Robert Bosch was a German industrialist, engineer and inventor, founder of Robert Bosch GmbH....
(inventor, industrialist and philanthropist)
Margarete Steiff
Margarete Steiff

Steiff is a Germany-based plush toy company known for its high quality and equally high prices. It was begun in 1880 by Margarete Steiff, who was later assisted by her brother Fritz....
(toy maker)
Carl Laemmle
Carl Laemmle

Carl Laemmle Sr. , born in Laupheim, W?rttemberg, Germany, was a pioneer in American film making and a founder of one of the original major Hollywood movie studios - Universal Studios....
(founder of Universal Studios in Hollywood)
Karl Friedrich Benz (inventor of the first gas (petrol)-powered automobile)
Nikolaus August Otto (inventor of the internal-combustion engine)
Felix Heinrich Wankel (inventor of the Wankel engine
Wankel engine

The Wankel engine is a type of internal combustion engine which uses a rotary combustion engine to convert pressure into a rotating motion instead of using reciprocating piston engine....
)
Johannes Nauclerus
Johannes Nauclerus

Johannes Nauclerus was a 16th century Swabian historian and Humanism. He was born Johann Vergenhans to a noble man of the same name. As was the fashion of the time, the family's name had been Latin, with nauclerus, meaning "Skipper ," being a close translation of Vergenhans, meaning "ferry." The family's coat of arms depic...
(historian, university rector/chancellor)
Theodor Heuss
Theodor Heuss

Theodor Heuss was a Germany politician. He was the first person elected to a regular term as President of the West Germany.Heuss was born in Brackenheim, near Heilbronn....
(former President of the Federal Republic of Germany)
Richard von Weizsäcker
Richard von Weizsäcker

Richard Karl Freiherr von Weizs?cker is a Germany politician . He was President of Germany from 1984 to 1994.Weizs?cker was born in Stuttgart as the son of the diplomat Ernst von Weizs?cker and brother of physicist and philosopher Carl Friedrich von Weizs?cker....
(former President of the Federal Republic of Germany)
Kurt Georg Kiesinger
Kurt Georg Kiesinger

Kurt Georg Kiesinger was a conservative Germany politician and Chancellor of Germany of West Germany from 1 December 1966 until 21 October 1969....
(former Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany)
Sophie Scholl
Sophie Scholl

Sophia Magdalena Scholl was active within the White Rose non-violent Widerstand group in Nazi Germany. She was convicted of high treason after having been found distributing anti-war leaflets at the University of Munich with her brother Hans Scholl....
(member of the White Rose
White Rose

The White Rose was a Nonviolence Widerstand group in Nazi Germany, consisting of a number of students from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and their philosophy professor....
resistance against the Nazis)
Hans Scholl
Hans Scholl

Hans Fritz Scholl was a core and founding member of the White Rose Widerstand movement in Nazi Germany....
(founder of the White Rose
White Rose

The White Rose was a Nonviolence Widerstand group in Nazi Germany, consisting of a number of students from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and their philosophy professor....
resistance against the Nazis)
Georg Elser
Georg Elser

Johann Georg Elser was a German opponent of Nazism. He is remembered for his unsuccessful attempt to assassination Adolf Hitler in 1939....
(member of the resistance against the Nazis)
Claus von Stauffenberg (leader of the July 20 Plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born Germany politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party , popularly known as the Nazi Party....
)
Albert Leo Schlageter
Albert Leo Schlageter

Albert Leo Schlageter was a member of the German Freikorps and a martyr-figure for the Nazi Party....
(WWI soldier, Freikorps
Freikorps

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 119-1983-0012, Kapp-Putsch, Marienbrigade Erhardt in Berlin.jpgThe designation of Freikorps was originally applied to voluntary armies formed in German lands from the middle of 18th century onwards....
leader, executed by French occupation forces)
Ernst Heinkel
Ernst Heinkel

Ernst Heinkel was a German aircraft designer and manufacturer....
(aircraft designer)
Günther Rall
Günther Rall

Lieutenant-General G?nther Rall is the third most successful fighter ace in history, and the most successful ace still living. He achieved a total of 275 victories during World War II: 272 on the Eastern Front , of which 241 were against Soviet fighters....
(third-highest scoring ace of WWII, 275 victories)
Hermann Graf
Hermann Graf

Colonel Hermann Graf was a Germany Luftwaffe World War II fighter ace. During the war he became one of only 27 people to be awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross....
(ninth-highest scoring ace of WWII, 212 victories)
Hans Ekkehard Bob
Hans Ekkehard Bob

Hans Ekkehard Bob was a German Fighter pilot, serving with the Luftwaffe. During World War II, Bob flew approximately seven hundred combat Missions, and claimed sixty victories; thirty-seven of which were on the eastern front....
(WWII ace, Me 262 pilot, 60 victories)
Werner Streib
Werner Streib

Werner Streib was a Germany Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords during World War II....
(Nightfighter ace, 66 victories, tested the He 219 in combat)
Erich Hartmann
Erich Hartmann

Erich Alfred "Bubi" Hartmann , also nicknamed "Bubi" by allies and "The Black Devil" by his enemies, was a German World War II fighter pilot and is the highest scoring flying ace in the history of Aerial warfare....
(highest-scoring ace of WWII, 352 victories)
Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer
Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer

Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer is considered one of the top night fighter flying ace of all time. He flew with the German Luftwaffe during the World War II....
(highest scoring Nightfighter ace of WWII, 121 victories)
Erwin Rommel
Erwin Rommel

Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel , was perhaps the most famous Germany Generalfeldmarschall of World War II. He was the commander of the Afrika Korps and became known for the skillful military campaigns he waged on behalf of the Wehrmacht in North Africa....
(World War II general)
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger

Martin Heidegger was an influential Germany Philosophy. His best known book, Being and Time, is generally considered to be one of the most important philosophical works of the 20th century....
(philosopher)
Reinhold Naegele (WWI soldier, painter)
Roland Emmerich
Roland Emmerich

Roland Emmerich is a Germany film director, screenwriter and film producer, known for his disaster film and action films....
(Hollywood director)
Harald Schmidt
Harald Schmidt

Harald Franz Schmidt is a German actor, writer, comedian and television entertainer best known as host of two popular German late-night shows....
(late-night talk show host)
Jürgen Klinsmann
Jürgen Klinsmann

J?rgen Klinsmann is a Germany football manager and former football player, who played for several prominent clubs in Europe and was part of the Germany national football team that won the 1990 FIFA World Cup and the 1996 UEFA European Championship....
(football (soccer) player and former coach of the German national team)
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein was a Germany-born theoretical physics. He is best known for his theory of relativity and specifically mass?energy equivalence, expressed by the equation E = mc2....
(physicist, Nobel laureate)
Hermann Hesse
Hermann Hesse

Hermann Hesse was a German-Switzerland poet, novelist, and painter. In 1946, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature. His best-known works include Steppenwolf , Siddhartha , and The Glass Bead Game which explore an individual's search for spirituality outside society....
(poet, writer, 1946 Nobel laureate for Literature)
Roland Asch
Roland Asch

Roland Asch is a race car driving who is strongly associated with his home town Ammerbuch near Stuttgart, speaking the local Swabian German dialect in interviews and commercials....
(race driver)
Joachim Löw
Joachim Löw

Joachim "Jogi" L?w Wikipedia:IPA for German] is the Germany national football manager of the Germany national football team and a former football midfielder....
(football (soccer) player and current coach of the German national team)
Gudrun Ensslin
Gudrun Ensslin

Gudrun Ensslin was a founder of the Germany terrorism group Red Army Faction After becoming involved with co-founder Andreas Baader, Ensslin was influential in the radicalization of Baader's left-wing politics beliefs and the intellectual head of the RAF....
(a founder of the German terrorist group Red Army Faction
Red Army Faction

The Red Army Faction or RAF , was postwar West Germany's most violent and prominent militant left-wing terrorist group. It described itself as a communist "urban guerrilla" group engaged in armed resistance....
or RAF, a.k.a. the Baader-Meinhof Gang)
Gustav Schwab
Gustav Schwab

Gustav Benjamin Schwab was a German writer, pastor and publisher....
(writer, most popular for "die schönsten Sagen des klassischen Altertums")
Dieter Baumann
Dieter Baumann

Dieter Baumann is a former Germany Athletics and winner of 5000 m at the 1992 Summer Olympics.Born in Blaustein, Germany , Dieter Baumann was one of the few non-African athletes who were able to seriously challenge the African dominance of Middle distance track event during the 1990s....
(Olympic
Olympic Games

The Olympic Games are an international multi-sport event established for both summer and winter sports. There have been two generations of the Olympic Games; the first were the Ancient Olympic Games held at Olympia, Greece, Greece....
gold medalist and anti-doping
Doping (sport)

In sports, the use of performance-enhancing drugs is commonly referred to by the disparaging term "doping", particularly by those organizations that regulate competitions....
activist)
Wilhelm Groener
Wilhelm Groener

Karl Eduard Wilhelm Groener was a Germany soldier and politician....
(railroad chief in the German General Staff
German General Staff

The German General Staff was an institution whose rise and development gave the German military a decided advantage over its adversaries. The Staff amounted to its best "weapon" for nearly two centuries....
, Minister of Transportation, Minister of Defense, and acting Minister of the Interior in the Weimar Republic
Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic was the democracy and republican period of Germany from 1919 to 1933. Following World War I, the republic emerged from the German Revolution in November 1918....
)
Richard Vogt
Richard Vogt

Richard Vogt was a Germany Boxing who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.In 1936 he won the silver medal in the light heavyweight class after losing the final against Roger Michelot....
(aircraft designer)

Swabia

History

Suebi

Duchy of Swabia

Holy Roman Empire

Modern history

Swabian settlements abroad

Popular culture

Related Alemannic dialects

Famous Swabians

See also

External links