Sud Aviation

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Sud Aviation

Sud Aviation was a French

France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
state-owned aircraft manufacturer, originating from the merger of Sud-Est

Sud-Est

Sud-Est is French for Southeast. The term may also refer to:...
(SNCASE, or Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du sud-est) and Sud-Ouest

Sud-Ouest

Sud-Ouest is French for Southwest. The term may also refer to:...
(SNCASO or Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du sud-ouest) on March 1, 1957. Both companies had themselves been formed from smaller privately owned corporations that had been nationalized into six regional design and manufacturing pools just prior to World War II

World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
.

Sud-Est built a line of aircraft including a passenger airliner, the Languedoc

Sud-Est Languedoc

The SNCASE SE.161 Languedoc was a France four-engined airliner produced by SNCASE . Developed from the Bloch MB.160, the ES.161 was in service with Air France and the French military in the late 1940s and 1950s....
, and a fighter

Fighter aircraft

A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other aircraft, as opposed to a bomber, which is designed primarily to attack ground targets by dropping bombs....
, the Vampire

De Havilland Vampire

The de Havilland DH.100 Vampire was a United Kingdom jet-engined fighter of the World War II, the second jet-powered aircraft commissioned by the Royal Air Force during the War , although it was not used in combat....
.

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Sud Aviation was a French

France

Sud-Est

Sud-Est is French for Southeast. The term may also refer to:...
(SNCASE, or Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du sud-est) and Sud-Ouest

Sud-Ouest

World War II

Sud-Est Languedoc

Fighter aircraft

De Havilland Vampire

De Havilland

The de Havilland Aircraft Company was a United Kingdom aviation manufacturer founded in 1920 when Airco, of which Geoffrey de Havilland had been chief designer and owner, was sold to Birmingham Small Arms Company....
design built under license as the Mistral, and the Alouette series

Aérospatiale Alouette

The A?rospatiale Alouette is a family of light helicopters manufactured by SNCASE, Sud Aviation, and A?rospatiale:* SNCASE Alouette - company designation SE.3120; piston-engined, not directly related to the Alouette II....
of helicopters.

Looking to break out of their limited licensing-based market, in 1951 Sud-Est started the design of a new jet-powered airliner which would eventually evolve into the Caravelle

Sud Aviation Caravelle

The Sud Aviation SE 210 Caravelle was the first short/medium-range jet airliner, produced by the French Sud Aviation firm starting in 1955 . The Caravelle would go on to be one of the more successful European first generation jetliners, selling throughout Europe and even penetrating the United States market, with an order for 20 from United A...
. This aircraft used Rolls-Royce Avon

Rolls-Royce Avon

The Avon was Rolls-Royce Limited's first axial flow jet engine. Introduced in 1950, it went on to become one of their most successful post-World War II engine designs....
turbojets and the nose and cockpit design were from the De Havilland Comet

De Havilland Comet

The de Havilland Comet was the world's first commercial jet airliner to reach production. Developed and manufactured by de Havilland, it first flew in 1949 and was considered a landmark United Kingdom aeronautical design....
, but was otherwise a new design. One pioneering feature was the mounting of the engines at the rear fuselage, thereby reducing cabin noise. Production started in 1958, by which time the market-leading Comet had suffered a series of in-air breakups and had been withdrawn from service. The Caravelle did not suffer this design flaw and thus remained the only production jet design in the mid-range market until the launch of the Douglas DC-9, securing a very successful career with sales all over Europe and even a run of 20 in the United States. General Electric

General Electric

The General Electric Company, or GE is a multinational corporation United States technology and Service s conglomerate incorporated in the State of New York....
turbofans and Pratt & Whitney JT8D

Pratt & Whitney JT8D

The Pratt & Whitney JT8D is a low-bypass turbofan jet engine, introduced by Pratt & Whitney in February 1964 with the inaugural flight of Boeing 727....
s were used to power later variants, from the GE-powered Caravelle 7, to the longer, short-range Caravelle 12. The Caravelle was by then generally considered as the first successful jetliner.

At this point the merger with Sud-Ouest occurred to form Sud Aviation. The new firm then started on the design of a supersonic transport

Supersonic transport

A supersonic transport is a civil aircraft designed to transport passengers at speeds greater than the speed of sound. The only SST to see regular international service was Concorde, and the only other design built in quantity was the Tupolev Tu-144....
version of the Caravelle

Sud Aviation Caravelle

Sud Aviation Super-Caravelle

The Sud Aviation Super-Caravelle was an early design for a supersonic transport. Unlike most competing designs which envisioned larger trans-Atlantic aircraft and led to the likes of the Boeing 2707, the Super-Caravelle was a much smaller, shorter range design intended to replace their earlier and very successful Sud Aviation Caravelle....
. However, the projected cost of the project was so high that Sud Aviation, at the direction of the French and British governments, formed a consortium with BAC

British Aircraft Corporation

The British Aircraft Corporation was a United Kingdom aircraft manufacturer formed from the government-pressured merger of English Electric, Vickers-Armstrong, the Bristol Aeroplane Company and Hunting Aircraft in 1960....
in November 1962 to merge their design and production efforts to create the Concorde

Concorde

The A?rospatiale-BAC Concorde aircraft is a supersonic passenger airliner or supersonic transport . It was a product of an Anglo-French government treaty, combining the manufacturing efforts of A?rospatiale and British Aircraft Corporation....
.

Sud-Aviation had a significant involvement in May 1968, as it was one of the first major factories to be occupied

Occupation of factories

Occupation of factories is a method of the workers' movement used to prevent lock outs. They may sometimes lead to "recovered factories," in which the workers' self-management the factories....
.

Sud Aviation merged with Nord Aviation

Nord Aviation

Nord Aviation was a state-owned France aircraft manufacturer. It was created on October 1, 1954 upon the acquisition of Arsenal de l'A?ronautique by SNCAN ....
in 1970 to form the Aérospatiale

Aérospatiale

A?rospatiale was a French aerospace manufacturer that primarily built both civilian and military aircraft, rockets and satellites.History...
company. Aérospatiale formed several large-scale international consortia, for example with British Aerospace

British Aerospace

British Aerospace was a United Kingdom aircraft manufacturer, munitions and defence-systems manufacturer. In 1999 it purchased Marconi Electronic Systems, the defence electronics and naval shipbuilding subsidiary of the General Electric Company plc to form BAE Systems....
and Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm

Messerschmitt

Messerschmitt AG was a famous Germany aircraft manufacturer, known primarily for its World War II fighter aircraft, notably the Messerschmitt Bf 109 and Me 262....
to form Airbus

Airbus

Airbus Soci?t? par actions simplifi?e is an Aerospace manufacturer subsidiary of EADS, a European aerospace company. Based in Toulouse, France, and with significant activity across Europe, the company produces around half of the world's jet airliners....
, and ultimately merged into European aerospace company EADS

EADS

The European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company EADS N.V. is a large European aerospace corporation, formed by the merger on 10 July 2000 of DaimlerChrysler Aerospace of Germany, A?rospatiale-Matra of France, and Construcciones Aeron?uticas SA of Spain....
in 2000.

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