Succineidae
Encyclopedia
Succineidae are a family
of small to medium-sized, air-breathing, land snail
s (and slug
s), terrestrial
pulmonate gastropod molluscs. They are commonly called amber snails because their thin fragile shells are translucent and amber-colored. They usually live in damp habitats such as marshes.
Succineidae is the only family in the superfamily Succineoidea.
The animal is very soft and also appears to be too large for the shell.
s varies greatly. The most common totals are less than 10, and also lies between 21 and 25, but other values are also possible (according to the values in this table).
):
subfamily ?
(IUCN) considers five species or subspecies of ambersnail as threatened with extinction, and a further three species are categorized as "data deficient" which were previously considered Vulnerable
or Extinct, and two species are listed as Near Threatened
.
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
of small to medium-sized, air-breathing, land snail
Land snail
A land snail is any of the many species of snail that live on land, as opposed to those that live in salt water and fresh water. Land snails are terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells, It is not always an easy matter to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less...
s (and slug
Slug
Slug is a common name that is normally applied to any gastropod mollusc that lacks a shell, has a very reduced shell, or has a small internal shell...
s), terrestrial
Terrestrial animal
Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land , as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats...
pulmonate gastropod molluscs. They are commonly called amber snails because their thin fragile shells are translucent and amber-colored. They usually live in damp habitats such as marshes.
Succineidae is the only family in the superfamily Succineoidea.
The animal is very soft and also appears to be too large for the shell.
Anatomy
In this family, the number of haploid chromosomeChromosome
A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences. Chromosomes also contain DNA-bound proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions.Chromosomes...
s varies greatly. The most common totals are less than 10, and also lies between 21 and 25, but other values are also possible (according to the values in this table).
Taxonomy
The family Succineidae contains two subfamilies (according taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...
):
- Succineinae Beck, 1837 - synonyms: Hyalimacinae Godwin-Austen, 1882; Oxylomatinae Schileyko & I. M. Likharev, 1986
- Catinellinae OdhnerNils Hjalmar OdhnerNils Hjalmar Odhner was a Swedish zoologist who studied mollusks, a malacologist. During his lifetime he was professor of invertebrate zoology at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm...
, 1950
Genera
Genera in the family Succineidae include:- Succineinae
- OxylomaOxylomaOxyloma is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Succineidae, the ambersnails.-Species:The genus Oxyloma includes the following species and subspecies:...
Westerlund, 1885 - SuccineaSuccineaSuccinea, common name amber snails, is a genus of small, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Succineidae.They usually live in damp habitats such as marshes.-Species:...
Draparnaud, 1801 - SuccinellaSuccinellaSuccinella is a genus of small, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Succineidae, commonly called amber snails. They usually live in damp habitats such as marshes.-Distribution:...
Mabille, 1871 - NovisuccineaNovisuccineaNovisuccinea is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Succineidae, the ambersnails.- Species :Species in the genus Novisuccinea include:* Novisuccinea ovalis - oval ambersnail...
Pilsbry, 1948 - HyalimaxHyalimaxHyalimax is a genus of small, air-breathing, land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Succineidae, the amber snails.- Species :...
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855
- Oxyloma
- Catinellinae OdhnerNils Hjalmar OdhnerNils Hjalmar Odhner was a Swedish zoologist who studied mollusks, a malacologist. During his lifetime he was professor of invertebrate zoology at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm...
, 1950- Catinella Pease, 1870
- Quickella C. Boettgger, 1939
subfamily ?
- OmalonyxOmalonyxOmalonyx is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Succineidae, the amber snails.-References:*...
d’Orbigny, 1837
Conservation status
The World Conservation UnionWorld Conservation Union
The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources is an international organization dedicated to finding "pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges." The organization publishes the IUCN Red List, compiling information from a network of...
(IUCN) considers five species or subspecies of ambersnail as threatened with extinction, and a further three species are categorized as "data deficient" which were previously considered Vulnerable
Vulnerable species
On 30 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 9694 Vulnerable species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.-References:...
or Extinct, and two species are listed as Near Threatened
Near Threatened
Near Threatened is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa that may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status...
.
Threatened species
- Oxyloma kanabense - anab Ambersnail], Critically EndangeredCritically EndangeredCritically Endangered is the highest risk category assigned by the IUCN Red List for wild species. Critically Endangered means that a species' numbers have decreased, or will decrease, by 80% within three generations....
- Succinea piratarumSuccinea piratarumSuccinea piratarum is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Succineidae, the amber snails....
- Endangered - Succinea quadrasiSuccinea quadrasiSuccinea quadrasi is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Succineidae, the amber snails....
- Endangered - Boninosuccinea ogasawaraeBoninosuccinea ogasawaraeBoninosuccinea ogasawarae is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Succineidae, the amber snails.-Distribution:This species of amber snail is endemic to Japan....
- VulnerableVulnerable speciesOn 30 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 9694 Vulnerable species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.-References:... - Boninosuccinea punctulispiraBoninosuccinea punctulispiraBoninosuccinea punctulispira is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Succineidae, the amber snails.-Distribution:This species is endemic to Japan....
- Vulnerable
Assigned other IUCN categories
- Catinella arenariaCatinella arenariaThe sandbowl snail, Catinella arenaria, also known as Quickella arenaria, is a small species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Succineidae, the amber snails.-Habitat:...
- Sandbowl Snail, Near ThreatenedNear ThreatenedNear Threatened is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa that may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status... - Succinea sanctaehelenaeSuccinea sanctaehelenaeSuccinea sanctaehelenae is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Succineidae, the amber snails....
- Near Threatened - Succinea guamensisSuccinea guamensisSuccinea guamensis is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Succineidae, the amber snails....
- Data DeficientData DeficientData Deficient is a category applied by the IUCN, other agencies, and individuals to a species when the available information is not sufficient for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made...
, previously considered Extinct - Succinea chittenangoensis - Chittenago Ovate Ambersnail - Data Deficient, previously Vulnerable
- Succinea philippinicaSuccinea philippinicaSuccinea philippinica is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Succineidae, the amber snails....
- Data Deficient, previously Vulnerable