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Substrate (materials science)
 
 
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Substrate is a term used in materials science
Materials science

Materials science or materials engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of science and engineering....
 to describe the base material on which processing is conducted to produce new film or layers of material such as deposited coatings.

A typical substrate might be a metal, onto which a coating might be deposited by any of the following processes:








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Substrate is a term used in materials science
Materials science

Materials science or materials engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of science and engineering....
 to describe the base material on which processing is conducted to produce new film or layers of material such as deposited coatings.

A typical substrate might be a metal, onto which a coating might be deposited by any of the following processes:

  • Coating and printing processes
    Coating and printing processes

    Coating and printing processes involve the application of a thin film of functional material to a substrate, such as paper, fabric, film, foil or sheet stock....
  • Chemical vapor deposition
    Chemical vapor deposition

    Chemical vapor deposition is a chemical process used to produce high-purity, high-performance solid materials. The process is often used in the semiconductor industry to produce thin films....
     and physical vapor deposition
    Physical vapor deposition

    Physical vapor deposition is a variety of vacuum deposition and is a general term used to describe any of a variety of methods to deposit thin films by the condensation of a vaporized form of the material onto various surfaces ....
  • Conversion coating
    Conversion coating

    Conversion coatings are coatings for metals where the part surface is converted into the coating with a chemical or electro-chemical process. Examples include chromate conversion coatings, phosphate conversion coatings, Bluing , oxide on steel, and anodizing....
  • Anodizing
  • Chromate conversion coating
    Chromate conversion coating

    Chromate conversion coating is a type of conversion coating applied to passivate aluminium, zinc, cadmium, copper, silver, magnesium, tin and their alloys to slow corrosion....
  • Plasma electrolytic oxidation
    Plasma electrolytic oxidation

    Plasma electrolytic oxidation , also known as microarc oxidation , is an Electrochemistry surface treatment process for generating oxide coatings on metals....
  • Phosphate (coating)


  • Paint
    Paint

    Paint is any liquid, liquifiable, or mastic composition which after application to a Substrate in a thin layer is converted to an opaque solid film....
  • Enamel (paint)
    Enamel paint

    An enamel paint is a paint that air dries to a hard, usually glossy, finish. In reality, most commercially-available enamel paints are significantly softer than either vitreous enamel or stoved synthetic resins....
  • Powder coating
    Powder coating

    Powder coating is a type of dry coating, which is applied as a free-flowing, dry powder. The main difference between a conventional liquid paint and a powder coating is that the powder coating does not require a solvent to keep the binder and filler parts in a liquid suspension form....
  • Industrial coating
    Industrial coating

    An industrial coating is a paint or coating defined by its protective, rather than its aesthetic properties, although it can provide both.The most common use of industrial coatings is for corrosion control of steel or concrete....
  • Silicate mineral paint
    Silicate mineral paint

    Mineral Paints are mineral based coatings formulated with potassium silicate or sodium silicate, otherwise known as waterglass as the binder, combined with inorganic, alkaline-resistant pigments....
  • Fusion bonded epoxy coating
    Fusion bonded epoxy coating

    Fusion bonded epoxy coating, also known as fusion-bond epoxy powder coating and commonly referred to as FBE coating, is an epoxy based powder coating that is widely used to protect steel pipe used in pipeline construction, concrete reinforcing bars and on a wide variety of piping connections, valves etc....
     (FBE coating)


  • pickled and oiled
    Pickling (metal)

    Pickling is a treatment of metallic surfaces in order to remove impurities, stains, rust or Fouling with a solution called pickle liquor, containing strong acids, before subsequent processing, such as extrusion, rolling, painting, galvanization or plating with tin or chromium....
    , a type of plate steel
    Steel

    Steel is an alloy consisting mostly of iron, with a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.14% by weight , depending on grade. Carbon is the most cost-effective alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten....
     coating.
  • Plasma coatings
  • Plating
  • Electroless plating
    Plating

    Plating describes surface-covering where a metal is deposited on a conductive surface. Plating has been done for hundreds of years, but it is also critical for modern technology....
  • Electrochemical plating
    Electroplating

    Electroplating is a plating process that uses electrical direct current to redox cations of a desired material from a solution and coat a electrical conductivity object with a thin layer of the material, such as a metal....


  • Polymer
    Polymer

    A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units typically connected by covalent chemical bonds. While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a large class of natural and synthetic materials with a variety of properties....
     coatings, such as Teflon
  • Sputtered
    Sputter deposition

    Sputter deposition is a physical vapor deposition method of thin film deposition thin films by sputtering, i.e. ejecting, material from a "target," i.e., source, which then deposits onto a "substrate," e.g., a silicon wafer....
     or vacuum deposited
    Vacuum deposition

    Vacuum deposition or vacuum coating is a family of processes used to deposit layers atom-by-atom or molecule-by-molecule at sub-atmospheric pressure on a solid surface....
     materials
  • Enamel (vitreous)
    Vitreous enamel

    In a discussion of material science, enamel is the colorful result of fusing powdered glass to a substrate by firing, usually between 750 and 850 degrees Celsius....


In optics
Optics

Optics is the study of the behavior and properties of light including its optical phenomena with matter and its imaging by optical instruments....
, glass may be used as a substrate for an optical coating
Optical coating

An optical coating is a thin-film optics of material deposited on an optical component such as a lens or mirror, which alters the way in which the optic Reflection and transmission light....
—either an antireflection coating to reduce reflection, or a mirror
Mirror

A mirror is an object with one surface polished, which leads to reflection and another opaque. The most familiar type of mirror is the plane mirror, which has a flat surface....
 coating to enhance it.

A substrate may be also an engineered surface where an unintended or natural process occurs, like in:
  • Fouling
    Fouling

    Fouling refers to the accumulation of unwanted material on solid surfaces, most often in an aquatic environment. The fouling material can consist of either living organisms or a non-living substance ....
  • Corrosion
    Corrosion

    Corrosion means the breaking down of essential properties in a material due to chemical reactions with its surroundings. In the most common use of the word, this means a loss of electrons of metals reacting with water and oxygen....
  • Biofouling
    Biofouling

    Biofouling or biological fouling is the undesirable accumulation of microorganisms, plants, algae, and/or animals on wetted structures....
  • Heterogeneous catalysis
    Heterogeneous catalysis

    Heterogeneous catalysis is a chemistry term which describes catalysis where the catalyst is in a different phase to the reactants. Heterogeneous catalysts provide a surface for the chemical reaction to take place on....
  • Adsorption
    Adsorption

    Adsorption is a process that occurs when a gas or liquid solute accumulates on the surface of a solid or a liquid , forming a film of molecules or atoms ....


See also


  • List of coating techniques
    List of coating techniques

    This list contains an overview of coating techniques for thin-film deposition, found in the field of materials science. The techniques can be classified as follows:...
  • Thin film
    Thin film

    Thin films are thin material Layer s ranging from fractions of a nanometre to several micrometres in thickness. Electronics semiconductor devices and optical coatings are the main applications benefiting from thin film construction....