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The strange quark (originally called the sideways quark) is a second-generation
Generation (particle physics)

In particle physics, a generation is a division of the elementary particles. Between generations, particles differ only by their mass. All fundamental interactions and quantum numbers are identical....
 quark
Quark

Quarks are a type of elementary particle and major constituents of matter. They are the only particles in the Standard Model to experience all four fundamental interaction, which are also known as fundamental interactions....
 with a charge of −(1/3)e
Elementary charge

The elementary charge, usually denoted e, is the electric charge carried by a single proton, or equivalently, the negative of the electric charge carried by a single electron....
 and a strangeness of −1. It is the third-lightest quark after the up
Up quark

The up quark is a particle described by the Standard Model theory of physics. It is a first-generation quark with a charge of +elementary charge....
 and down quark
Down quark

The down quark is a first-generation quark with a charge of - elementary charge. It is the second-lightest of all the six flavour of quarks, the lightest being the up quark....
s, with a mass of somewhere between 80 and 130 MeV
MEV

MeV and meV are Multiple of the electron volt unit referring to 1,000,000 eV and 0.001 eV, respectively.Mev or MEV may refer to:...
. The first strange particle (particle
Subatomic particle

A subatomic particle is an elementary particle or composite particle particle smaller than an atom. Particle physics and nuclear physics are concerned with the study of these particles, their interactions, and non-atomic QCD matter....
 containing a strange-valence quark) was discovered in 1947, with the identification of the kaon
Kaon

In particle physics, a kaon is any one of a group of four mesons distinguished by the fact that they carry a quantum number called Strangeness ....
, but the strange quark itself was not identified until Gell-Mann
Murray Gell-Mann

Murray Gell-Mann is an United States physicist who received the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the theory of particle physicss.Among his many accomplishments, he formulated the quark model of hadronic resonances, and identified the SU flavor symmetry of the light quarks, extending isospin to include strange quark, which he als...
 and Zweig
George Zweig

George Zweig was originally trained as a particle physicist under Richard Feynman and later turned his attention to neurobiology. He spent a number of years as a Research Scientist at Los Alamos National Laboratory and MIT, but as of 2004, has gone on to work in the financial services industry....
 developed the quark model
Quark model

In physics, the quark model is a classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks, i.e., the quarks which give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons....
 in 1964.








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Encyclopedia


The strange quark (originally called the sideways quark) is a second-generation
Generation (particle physics)

In particle physics, a generation is a division of the elementary particles. Between generations, particles differ only by their mass. All fundamental interactions and quantum numbers are identical....
 quark
Quark

Quarks are a type of elementary particle and major constituents of matter. They are the only particles in the Standard Model to experience all four fundamental interaction, which are also known as fundamental interactions....
 with a charge of −(1/3)e
Elementary charge

The elementary charge, usually denoted e, is the electric charge carried by a single proton, or equivalently, the negative of the electric charge carried by a single electron....
 and a strangeness of −1. It is the third-lightest quark after the up
Up quark

The up quark is a particle described by the Standard Model theory of physics. It is a first-generation quark with a charge of +elementary charge....
 and down quark
Down quark

The down quark is a first-generation quark with a charge of - elementary charge. It is the second-lightest of all the six flavour of quarks, the lightest being the up quark....
s, with a mass of somewhere between 80 and 130 MeV
MEV

MeV and meV are Multiple of the electron volt unit referring to 1,000,000 eV and 0.001 eV, respectively.Mev or MEV may refer to:...
. The first strange particle (particle
Subatomic particle

A subatomic particle is an elementary particle or composite particle particle smaller than an atom. Particle physics and nuclear physics are concerned with the study of these particles, their interactions, and non-atomic QCD matter....
 containing a strange-valence quark) was discovered in 1947, with the identification of the kaon
Kaon

In particle physics, a kaon is any one of a group of four mesons distinguished by the fact that they carry a quantum number called Strangeness ....
, but the strange quark itself was not identified until Gell-Mann
Murray Gell-Mann

Murray Gell-Mann is an United States physicist who received the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the theory of particle physicss.Among his many accomplishments, he formulated the quark model of hadronic resonances, and identified the SU flavor symmetry of the light quarks, extending isospin to include strange quark, which he als...
 and Zweig
George Zweig

George Zweig was originally trained as a particle physicist under Richard Feynman and later turned his attention to neurobiology. He spent a number of years as a Research Scientist at Los Alamos National Laboratory and MIT, but as of 2004, has gone on to work in the financial services industry....
 developed the quark model
Quark model

In physics, the quark model is a classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks, i.e., the quarks which give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons....
 in 1964.

Hadrons containing strange-valence quarks


Hadrons containing strange-valence quarks include the following:
  • Kaon
    Kaon

    In particle physics, a kaon is any one of a group of four mesons distinguished by the fact that they carry a quantum number called Strangeness ....
    s are meson
    Meson

    In particle physics, mesons are subatomic particles composed of one quark and one antiquark. They are part of the hadron particle family ? particles made of quarks....
    s containing a strange quark (or its antiparticle
    Antiparticle

    Corresponding to most kinds of particle physics, there is an associated antiparticle with the same mass and opposite electric charge. For example, the antiparticle of the electron is the positively charged antielectron, or positron, which is produced naturally in certain types of radioactive decay....
    ) and an up
    Up quark

    The up quark is a particle described by the Standard Model theory of physics. It is a first-generation quark with a charge of +elementary charge....
     or down quark
    Down quark

    The down quark is a first-generation quark with a charge of - elementary charge. It is the second-lightest of all the six flavour of quarks, the lightest being the up quark....
    .
  • The and flavorless
    Flavour (particle physics)

    In particle physics, flavour or flavor is a quantum number of elementary particles. In quantum chromodynamics flavour is a global symmetry....
     mesons are linear combination
    Linear combination

    In mathematics, linear combinations are a concept central to linear algebra and related fields of mathematics.Most of this article deals with linear combinations in the context of a vector space over a field , with some generalisations given at the end of the article....
    s of several quark-antiquark pairs, including the strange-antistrange.
  • The flavorless meson is pure strange-antistrange.
  • Strange baryon
    Baryon

    Baryons are the family of composite particle subatomic particle made of three quarks, as opposed to the mesons which are the family of composite particles made of one quark and one antiquark....
    s are known as hyperon
    Hyperon

    In particle physics, a hyperon is any baryon containing one or more strange quarks, but no charm quarks or bottom quarks....
    s: the s and s have one strange quark, the s two, and the s three.


See also

  • Strange matter
    Strange Matter

    For the physics concept, see Strange matter.Strange Matter is a children's book series created by Marty M. Engle and Johnny Ray Barnes Jr....
  • Strange star
  • Strangelet
    Strangelet

    A strangelet is a hypothetical object consisting of a bound state of roughly equal numbers of up quark, down quark, and strange quark quarks. The size would be a minimum of a few Fermi across ....