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Stephen Pearl Andrews was an AmericanUnited States

The United States of America, also known as the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., and America, is...
 individualist anarchist and author of several books on the topic.
Early life and workBorn in Templeton, MassachusettsTempleton, Massachusetts Overview

Templeton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States....
, he went to LouisianaLouisiana

cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2"> Louisiana is a Southern state of the United States of America. ...
 at age 18 and studied and practiced law there; appalled by slavery, he became an abolitionist. He was the first counsel of Mrs. Myra Clark Gaines in her celebrated abolitionist suits. Having moved to TexasTexas

Texas is a state in both the Southern and Western region of the United States of America....
 in 1839, he and his family were almost killed because of his abolitionist lectures and had to flee in 1843. Andrews travelled to England where he was unsuccessful at raising funds for the abolitionist movement back in America.

While in England, Andrews became interested in Pitman'sIsaac Pitman

Sir Isaac Pitman, knighted in 1894, developed the most widely used system of shorthand, known now as Pitman Shorthand....
 new shorthandShorthand

Shorthand is an abbreviated, symbolic writing method that improves speed of writing or brevity as compared to a normal metho...
 writing system and upon his return to the U.S.






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1812   Born





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Stephen Pearl Andrews was an AmericanUnited States

The United States of America, also known as the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., and America, is...
 individualist anarchist and author of several books on the topic.

Early life and work

Born in Templeton, MassachusettsTempleton, Massachusetts Overview

Templeton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States....
, he went to LouisianaLouisiana

cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2"> Louisiana is a Southern state of the United States of America. ...
 at age 18 and studied and practiced law there; appalled by slavery, he became an abolitionist. He was the first counsel of Mrs. Myra Clark Gaines in her celebrated abolitionist suits. Having moved to TexasTexas

Texas is a state in both the Southern and Western region of the United States of America....
 in 1839, he and his family were almost killed because of his abolitionist lectures and had to flee in 1843. Andrews travelled to England where he was unsuccessful at raising funds for the abolitionist movement back in America.

While in England, Andrews became interested in Pitman'sIsaac Pitman

Sir Isaac Pitman, knighted in 1894, developed the most widely used system of shorthand, known now as Pitman Shorthand....
 new shorthandShorthand

Shorthand is an abbreviated, symbolic writing method that improves speed of writing or brevity as compared to a normal metho...
 writing system and upon his return to the U.S. he taught and wrote about the shorthand writing system, and devised a popular system of phonographic reporting. To further this he published a series of instruction books and edited two journals, the Anglo-Saxon and the Propagandist. He devised a "scientific" language, "Alwato," in which he was wont to converse and correspond with pupils. At the time of his death he was compiling a dictionary of it, which was published posthumously.

A remarkable linguistLinguistics

Linguistics is the scientific study of human language....
, he also became interested in phonetics and the study of foreign languages, eventually learning 30 languages. By the end of the 1840s he began to focus his energies on utopian communities. He and fellow individualist anarchist Josiah WarrenJosiah Warren

Josiah Warren was an individualist anarchist, inventor, musician, and author in the United States....
 (who was responsible for Andrew's conversion to radical individualism) established Modern Times in Brentwood, NYBrentwood, New York

Brentwood is a hamlet in Suffolk County, New York on Long Island....
,. Then, in, he established Unity Home in New York CityNew York City

New York City is the largest city in the United States and the twelfth largest city in the world, making it a major global c...
. By the 1860s he was propounding an ideal society called PantarchyPantarchy

Pantarchy was the name given to a social theory proposed by Stephen Pearl Andrews....
, and from this he moved on to a philosophy he called "universologyFacts About Universology

Universology literally means "the science of the universe." It is the ongoing study of the principles and truths that interc...
", which stressed the unity of all knowledge and activities.

Andrews was one of the first to use the word "scientologyScientology

Scientology is a body of teachings and related techniques developed by American author L....
". The word is defined as a neologismNeologism

A neologism is a word, term, or phrase which has been recently created — often to apply to new concepts, or to reshape...
 in his 1871 book The Primary Synopsis of Universology and Alwato: The New Scientific Universal Language.

Bibliography

  • Cost the Limit of Price (1851)
  • The Constitution of Government in the Sovereignty of the Individual (1851)
  • (1851)
  • The Sovereignty of the Individual (1853)
  • Principles of Nature, Original Physiocracy, the New Order of Government (1857)
  • The Pantarchy (1871)
  • The Primary Synopsis of Universology and Alwato: The New Scientific Universal Language (1871)
  • The Basic Outline of Universology (1872)
  • The Labor Dollar (1881)
  • Elements of Universology (1881)
  • The New Civilization (1885)