Steen Rasmussen
Encyclopedia
Steen Rasmussen was born in Elsinore, Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...

, in 1955. He is an Artificial Life
Artificial life
Artificial life is a field of study and an associated art form which examine systems related to life, its processes, and its evolution through simulations using computer models, robotics, and biochemistry. The discipline was named by Christopher Langton, an American computer scientist, in 1986...

 scientist who has published numerous reviews and reports in the Journal, Artificial Life. He coined the term, complex systems dogma, which alludes to the presupposition that simple lower-level elements can give rise to higher-level dynamical structures. In his article, Ansatz
Ansatz
Ansatz is a German noun with several meanings in the English language.It is widely encountered in physics and mathematics literature.Since ansatz is a noun, in German texts the initial a of this word is always capitalised.-Definition:...

for Dynamical Hierarchies
, he pursues in proving the shortcomings of such a dogma, claiming that higher-level dynamical structures can only be obtained through forming more complex lower-level structures. Gross and McMullin published a criticism of his work, also in Artificial Life, and Rasmussen subsequently provided a defense of his Ansatz. All of the articles can be found in the fourth issue of the seventh volume of the Artificial Life journal.

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