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In logic
Logic

Logic is the study of the principles of valid demonstration and inference. Logic is a branch of philosophy, a part of the classical Trivium . The word derives from Greek language ?????? , fem....
 a statement is a declarative sentence that is either true
True

True is the adjective form of the word truth.True may also refer to:...
 or false
False

False is the antonym of the adjective true.False is the 2nd album of Gorefest, False .False may also refer to:* FALSE, an esoteric stack-oriented programming language...
. Strawson however advocated the use of the term statement (in preference to proposition
Proposition

This article is about the term proposition in logic and philosophy; for other uses see PropositionIn logic and philosophy, proposition refers to either the "content" or Meaning of a meaningful declarative sentence or the pattern of symbols, marks, or sounds that make up a meaningful declarative sentence....
) and for it to be such that two declarative sentences make the same statement if they say the same of the same thing. Thus the term "statement" may to refer to a sentence or something made (expressed) by a sentence. In either case they are purported truth bearers
Truthbearer

This article is about a term used in philosophy, logic and philosophy of logic.Truthbearer is a term used to designate entities that are either true or false and nothing else....
.

Examples of sentences that are (or make) statements:



The first two (make statements that) are true, the third is (or makes a statement that is) false.

Examples of sentences that are not (or do not make) statements:



The first two examples are not declarative sentences and are therefore (or do not make) statements. The third and forth are declarative sentences but, lacking meaning, are neither true nor false and therefore are not (or do not make) statements.

Statement as an abstract entity
In some treatments the term "statement" is introduced in order to distinguish a sentence from its information content.






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In logic
Logic

Logic is the study of the principles of valid demonstration and inference. Logic is a branch of philosophy, a part of the classical Trivium . The word derives from Greek language ?????? , fem....
 a statement is a declarative sentence that is either true
True

True is the adjective form of the word truth.True may also refer to:...
 or false
False

False is the antonym of the adjective true.False is the 2nd album of Gorefest, False .False may also refer to:* FALSE, an esoteric stack-oriented programming language...
. Strawson however advocated the use of the term statement (in preference to proposition
Proposition

This article is about the term proposition in logic and philosophy; for other uses see PropositionIn logic and philosophy, proposition refers to either the "content" or Meaning of a meaningful declarative sentence or the pattern of symbols, marks, or sounds that make up a meaningful declarative sentence....
) and for it to be such that two declarative sentences make the same statement if they say the same of the same thing. Thus the term "statement" may to refer to a sentence or something made (expressed) by a sentence. In either case they are purported truth bearers
Truthbearer

This article is about a term used in philosophy, logic and philosophy of logic.Truthbearer is a term used to designate entities that are either true or false and nothing else....
.

Examples of sentences that are (or make) statements:

  • "Socrates is a man."
  • "A triangle has three sides."
  • "Paris is the capital of Japan."


The first two (make statements that) are true, the third is (or makes a statement that is) false.

Examples of sentences that are not (or do not make) statements:

  • "Who are you?"
  • "Run!"
  • "Greeness perambulates"
  • "I had one grunch but the eggplant over there."


The first two examples are not declarative sentences and are therefore (or do not make) statements. The third and forth are declarative sentences but, lacking meaning, are neither true nor false and therefore are not (or do not make) statements.

Statement as an abstract entity


In some treatments the term "statement" is introduced in order to distinguish a sentence from its information content. A statement is regarded as the information content of an (information-bearing) sentence. Thus, a sentence is related to the statement it bears like a numeral to the number it refers to. Statements are abstract, logical entities, while sentences are grammatical ones.

See also

  • Sentence (mathematical logic)
    Sentence (mathematical logic)

    In mathematical logic, a sentence of a predicate logic is a well formed formula with no free variables. A sentence is viewed by some as expressing a proposition....
  • Proposition
    Proposition

    This article is about the term proposition in logic and philosophy; for other uses see PropositionIn logic and philosophy, proposition refers to either the "content" or Meaning of a meaningful declarative sentence or the pattern of symbols, marks, or sounds that make up a meaningful declarative sentence....
  • Belief
    Belief

    Belief is the psychological state in which an individual holds a proposition or premise to be true....
  • Concept
    Concept

    A concept is a cognition unit of meaning— an abstraction idea or a mental symbol sometimes defined as a "unit of knowledge," built from other units which act as a concept's characteristics....