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Sremska Mitrovica (Serbian Cyrillic: ??????? ?????????, Hungarian
Hungarian language

Hungarian is a Uralic languages unrelated to most other languages in Europe. It is mainly spoken in Hungary and by the Hungarian minorities in the seven neighbouring countries....
: Szávaszentdemeter, Latin: Sirmium
Sirmium

Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
, Greek
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
: Syrmion, S??µ???) is a city and municipality located in the Vojvodina
Vojvodina

The Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an Subdivisions of Serbia in Serbia, containing about 27% of its total population according to the 2002 Census....
 province of Serbia
Serbia

Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country in Central Europe and Balkans Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkans....
 at 44.98° North, 19.61° East, on the left bank of the Sava river
Sava River

The Sava is a river in southern Europe, a right side tributary of Danube at Belgrade. It is 945 km long and drains 95,719 km? of surface area....
. As of 2002 the town had a total population of 39,041, while Sremska Mitrovica municipality had a population of 85,605. It is the administrative centre of the Srem District
Srem District

Syrmia District is a northwestern districts of Serbia of Serbia. It lies in the region of Syrmia , in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It has a population of 309,981....
 of Serbia.

Once a capital of the Roman Empire
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 during the Tetrarchy
Tetrarchy

Tetrarchy can be applied to any system of government where power is divided between four individuals. The term is usually used to refer to the tetrarchy instituted by Roman Emperor Diocletian in 293 which lasted until c. 313....
, the city was referred to as the glorious mother of cities.






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Sremska Mitrovica (Serbian Cyrillic: ??????? ?????????, Hungarian
Hungarian language

Hungarian is a Uralic languages unrelated to most other languages in Europe. It is mainly spoken in Hungary and by the Hungarian minorities in the seven neighbouring countries....
: Szávaszentdemeter, Latin: Sirmium
Sirmium

Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
, Greek
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
: Syrmion, S??µ???) is a city and municipality located in the Vojvodina
Vojvodina

The Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an Subdivisions of Serbia in Serbia, containing about 27% of its total population according to the 2002 Census....
 province of Serbia
Serbia

Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country in Central Europe and Balkans Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkans....
 at 44.98° North, 19.61° East, on the left bank of the Sava river
Sava River

The Sava is a river in southern Europe, a right side tributary of Danube at Belgrade. It is 945 km long and drains 95,719 km? of surface area....
. As of 2002 the town had a total population of 39,041, while Sremska Mitrovica municipality had a population of 85,605. It is the administrative centre of the Srem District
Srem District

Syrmia District is a northwestern districts of Serbia of Serbia. It lies in the region of Syrmia , in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It has a population of 309,981....
 of Serbia.

Once a capital of the Roman Empire
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 during the Tetrarchy
Tetrarchy

Tetrarchy can be applied to any system of government where power is divided between four individuals. The term is usually used to refer to the tetrarchy instituted by Roman Emperor Diocletian in 293 which lasted until c. 313....
, the city was referred to as the glorious mother of cities. Likewise, many Roman Emperors were born in or near this city, Emperors Herennius Etruscus
Herennius Etruscus

Quintus Herennius Etruscus Messius Decius , was Roman Empire in 251, in a joint rule with his father Trajan Decius. Emperor Hostilian was his younger brother....
 (251), Hostilian
Hostilian

Gaius Valens Hostilianus Messius Quintus , was Roman Empire in 251. Hostilian was born in Sirmium in Illyricum sometime after 230, as the son of the future emperor Decius by his wife Herennia Etruscilla....
 (251), Decius Traian
Decius

Gaius Messius Quintus Decius was the Roman Emperors from 249 - 251. In the last year of his reign, he co-ruled with his son Herennius Etruscus until both of them were killed in the Battle of Abrittus....
 (249-251), Claudius II
Claudius II

Marcus Aurelius Claudius , often referred to as Claudius Gothicus or Claudius II, was a Roman Emperor. He ruled the Roman Empire for less than two years , but during that brief time he managed to obtain some successes....
 (268-270), Quintillus
Quintillus

Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillus was born in Sirmium in Illyricum. He was brother of Roman Emperor Claudius II, and became Emperor himself in 270....
 (270), Aurelian
Aurelian

Lucius Domitius Aurelianus , known in English as Aurelian, Roman Emperor , was the second of several highly successful "soldier-emperors" who helped the Roman Empire regain its power during the latter part of the third century and the beginning of the fourth....
 (270-275), Probus
Probus

Marcus Aurelius Probus was a Roman Emperor .A native of Sirmium , in Pannonia, at an early age he entered the army, where he distinguished himself under the Emperors Valerian , Aurelian and Marcus Claudius Tacitus....
 (276-282), Maximianus Herculius
Maximian

Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus Herculius , commonly referred to as Maximian, was Caesar from July 285 and Augustus from April 1, 286 to May 1, 305....
 (285-310), Constantius II
Constantius II

Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II was a Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty....
 (337-361) and Gratian
Gratian

Flavius Gratianus , known usually by the anglicised name Gratian, was a Western Roman Emperor from 375 to 383.He favoured the Christian religion against Roman polytheism, refusing the traditional polytheistic attributes of the emperors and removing the Altar of Victory from the Roman Senate....
 (367-383).

Name

In Serbian
Serbian language

name=Serbian|nativename=|pronunciation=['sr?pski?]|familycolor=Indo-European|map=|states=See below under "Official status", besides that in Croatia and as an immigrant's language spread over Central Europe and Western Europe, as well as Northern America...
, the town is known as ??????? ????????? or Sremska Mitrovica, in Rusyn
Pannonian Rusyn language

Pannonian Rusyn or simply Rusyn is a Slavic languages language or dialect spoken in north-western Serbia and eastern Croatia . It is similar to West Slavic languages, , but has Eastern Slavic languages phonetics and vocabulary....
 as ??????? ?????????, in Croatian
Croatian language

Croatian language is a South Slavic languages which is used primarily in Croatia, by Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in neighbouring countries where Croats are Indigenous peoples, in Italian region of Molise, and parts of the Croats diaspora....
 as Srijemska Mitrovica, in Hungarian
Hungarian language

Hungarian is a Uralic languages unrelated to most other languages in Europe. It is mainly spoken in Hungary and by the Hungarian minorities in the seven neighbouring countries....
 as Szávaszentdemeter or Mitrovica, in German
German language

German is a West Germanic languages, thus related to and classified alongside English language and Dutch language. It is one of the world's world language and the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union....
 as Syrmisch Mitrowitz, in Latin as Sirmium
Sirmium

Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
, and in Turkish
Turkish language

Turkish is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Cyprus, with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania and other parts of Eastern Europe....
 as Dimitrofçe.

"Sremska Mitrovica" means "Mitrovica of Srem" (Mitrovica of Kosovo
Kosovska Mitrovica

Kosovska Mitrovica or Mitrovica is a city and Municipalities of Kosovo in northern Kosovo. It is the administrative centre of the District of Kosovska Mitrovica....
 and Mitrovica of Macva
Macvanska Mitrovica

Macvanska Mitrovica is a town located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina....
 also exist), while "Mitrovica" itself stems from the name "Saint Demetrius" or "Sveti Dimitrije" in the Serbian
Serbian language

name=Serbian|nativename=|pronunciation=['sr?pski?]|familycolor=Indo-European|map=|states=See below under "Official status", besides that in Croatia and as an immigrant's language spread over Central Europe and Western Europe, as well as Northern America...
 (in Cyrillic form "????? ?????????") and Croatian language
Croatian language

Croatian language is a South Slavic languages which is used primarily in Croatia, by Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in neighbouring countries where Croats are Indigenous peoples, in Italian region of Molise, and parts of the Croats diaspora....
.

The name of the city during the reign of the Roman Empire
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 was Sirmium
Sirmium

Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
. Beginning in 1180 A.D. the name changed from "Civitas Sancti Demetrii" to "Dmitrovica", "Mitrovica", and finally to the present form - "Sremska Mitrovica".

Roman emperors

, Roman Emperor (249–51), born in village Budalia near Sirmium]] Ten Roman emperors were born in the city and its envirions:
  • Decius Traian
    Decius

    Gaius Messius Quintus Decius was the Roman Emperors from 249 - 251. In the last year of his reign, he co-ruled with his son Herennius Etruscus until both of them were killed in the Battle of Abrittus....
     (249–51)
  • Herennius Etruscus
    Herennius Etruscus

    Quintus Herennius Etruscus Messius Decius , was Roman Empire in 251, in a joint rule with his father Trajan Decius. Emperor Hostilian was his younger brother....
     (251-51)
  • Hostilian
    Hostilian

    Gaius Valens Hostilianus Messius Quintus , was Roman Empire in 251. Hostilian was born in Sirmium in Illyricum sometime after 230, as the son of the future emperor Decius by his wife Herennia Etruscilla....
     (251-51)
  • Claudius II
    Claudius II

    Marcus Aurelius Claudius , often referred to as Claudius Gothicus or Claudius II, was a Roman Emperor. He ruled the Roman Empire for less than two years , but during that brief time he managed to obtain some successes....
     (268-270)
  • Quintillus
    Quintillus

    Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillus was born in Sirmium in Illyricum. He was brother of Roman Emperor Claudius II, and became Emperor himself in 270....
     (270)
  • Aurelian
    Aurelian

    Lucius Domitius Aurelianus , known in English as Aurelian, Roman Emperor , was the second of several highly successful "soldier-emperors" who helped the Roman Empire regain its power during the latter part of the third century and the beginning of the fourth....
     (270–75)
  • Probus
    Probus

    Marcus Aurelius Probus was a Roman Emperor .A native of Sirmium , in Pannonia, at an early age he entered the army, where he distinguished himself under the Emperors Valerian , Aurelian and Marcus Claudius Tacitus....
     (276–82)
  • Maximianus Herculius
    Maximian

    Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus Herculius , commonly referred to as Maximian, was Caesar from July 285 and Augustus from April 1, 286 to May 1, 305....
     (285–310)
  • Constantius II
    Constantius II

    Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II was a Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty....
     (337–61)
  • Gratian
    Gratian

    Flavius Gratianus , known usually by the anglicised name Gratian, was a Western Roman Emperor from 375 to 383.He favoured the Christian religion against Roman polytheism, refusing the traditional polytheistic attributes of the emperors and removing the Altar of Victory from the Roman Senate....
     (367–83)


The last emperor of the united Roman Empire, Theodosius I
Theodosius I

Flavius Theodosius , also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great , was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Reuniting the eastern and western portions of the empire, Theodosius was the last emperor of both the Eastern Roman Empire and Western Roman Empire....
 (378–95), became emperor in Sirmium. The usurpers
Roman usurper

Usurpers are individuals or groups of individuals who obtain and maintain the power or rights of another by force and without legal authority. Usurpers were a common feature of the late Roman Empire, especially from the crisis of the third century onwards, when political instability became the rule....
 Ingenuus
Ingenuus

Ingenuus was a Roman military commander who held a senior military command in Pannonia. He had been charged with the military education of caesar Valerian II, the young son of Emperor Gallienus, but after the boy's death in 258, his position became perilous....
 and Regalianus
Regalianus

P. C Regalianus was a Roman usurper against Gallienus.The main source of information is the unreliable Historia Augusta. Other sources are Eutropius, who calls him Trebellianus, and Aurelius Victor and the Epitome, which call him Regillianus....
 also declared themselves emperors in this city (in 260) and many other Roman emperors spent some time in Sirmium including Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He was the last of the "Five Good Emperors", and is also considered one of the most important stoicism philosophy....
 who might have written parts of his famous work Meditations
Meditations

Meditations is the title of a series of personal writings by Marcus Aurelius setting forth his ideas on Stoic philosophy.Marcus Aurelius wrote the 12 books of the Meditations in "highly-educated" Koine Greek as a source for his own guidance and self-improvement....
 in the city.

History


Ancient Sirmium

Prefecture
Solidus Julian
Sirmium was one of the oldest cities in Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
. Archaeologists have found a trace of organized human
Human

A human being, also human or man, is a member of a species of bipedalism primates in the family Hominidae . Mitochondrial DNA evidence indicates that modern humans originated in east Africa about 200,000 years ago....
 life dating from the 5000 BC. When the Romans
Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
 conquered the city in the 1st century BC, Sirmium already was a settlement with a long tradition.

In the 1st century, Sirmium gained a status of a colony of the citizens of Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
, and became a very important military and strategic location in Pannonia
Pannonia

Pannonia is an ancient province of the Roman Empire bounded north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia....
 province. The war expeditions of Roman emperors Traian, Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He was the last of the "Five Good Emperors", and is also considered one of the most important stoicism philosophy....
, and Claudius II
Claudius II

Marcus Aurelius Claudius , often referred to as Claudius Gothicus or Claudius II, was a Roman Emperor. He ruled the Roman Empire for less than two years , but during that brief time he managed to obtain some successes....
, were prepared in Sirmium.

In 103, Pannonia was split into two provinces: Upper Pannonia
Upper Pannonia

The Upper Pannonia or Pannonia Superior was ancient Roman Empire province. It was formed in the year 103 AD. Upper Pannonia included parts of present-day Hungary, Austria, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Slovakia....
 and Lower Pannonia
Lower Pannonia

The Lower Pannonia or Pannonia Inferior was an ancient Roman Empire province. It was formed in the year 103 AD. The Lower Pannonia included parts of present-day Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina....
, and Sirmium became the capital city of Lower Pannonia. In 296, Diocletian
Diocletian

Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus , born Diocles and commonly known as Diocletian , was Roman Emperor from November 20, 284 to May 1, 305....
 operated a new territorial division of Pannonia. Instead of previous two provinces, there were four new provinces established in former territory of original Pannonia: Pannonia Prima
Pannonia Prima

Pannonia Prima was an ancient Ancient Rome province. It was formed in the year 296, during the reign of Emperor Diocletian. Previously, it was a part of the province of Pannonia, which was gradually divided into four administrative units: Pannonia Prima, Pannonia Secunda, Pannonia Valeria, and Savia....
, Pannonia Valeria
Pannonia Valeria

The Pannonia Valeria or simply Valeria was an ancient Roman Empire province. It was formed in the year 296, during the reign of emperor Diocletian....
, Pannonia Savia
Pannonia Savia

The Pannonia Savia, also known as Savia and Pannonia Ripariensis, was an ancient Roman Empire province. It was formed in the year 296, during the reign of emperor Diocletian....
 and Pannonia Secunda
Pannonia Secunda

The Pannonia Secunda was ancient Roman Empire province. It was formed in the year 296, during the reign of emperor Diocletian. The capital of the province was Sirmium ....
. Capital city of Pannonia Secunda was Sirmium.

In 293, with the establishment of tetrarchy
Tetrarchy

Tetrarchy can be applied to any system of government where power is divided between four individuals. The term is usually used to refer to the tetrarchy instituted by Roman Emperor Diocletian in 293 which lasted until c. 313....
, the Roman Empire was split into four parts; Sirmium became one of the four capital cities of Roman Empire, the other three being Augusta Treverorum, Mediolanum
Mediolanum

Mediolanum, the ancient Milan, was an important Celts and then Ancient Rome centre of northern Italy. This article charts the history of the city from its settlement by the Insubres around 600 BC, through its conquest by the Ancient Rome and its development into a key centre of Western Christianity and capital of the Western Roman Empire, un...
, and Nicomedia
Nicomedia

Nicomedia was founded by Nicomedes I of Bithynia at the head of the Gulf of Astacus which opens to the Propontis. In earlier antiquity, the city was called Astacus or Olbia ....
 (modern Trier
Trier

Trier is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle River. It is the oldest city in Germany, founded in or before 16 BC. Trier is not the only city claiming to be Germany's oldest, but it is the only one that bases this assertion on having the longest history as a city, as opposed to a mere settlement or army camp....
, Milan
Milan

Milan is the second largest city of Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. It is the capital in the Province of Milan, as well as the Regions of Italy capital of Lombardy....
 and Izmit
Izmit

Izmit is a city in Turkey, administrative center of Kocaeli Province as well as the Kocaeli Metropolitan municipality. It is located at the Gulf of Izmit in the Sea of Marmara, about east of Istanbul, on the northwestern part of Anatolia....
). During the tetrarchy, Sirmium was the capital of emperor Galerius
Galerius

Galerius Maximianus , formally Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus was Roman Emperor from 305 to 311....
. With the establishment of praetorian prefecture
Praetorian prefecture

The praetorian prefectures were the largest administrative divisions of the late Roman Empire, above the mid-level Roman diocese and the low-level provinces....
s in 318, the capital of the prefecture of Illyricum
Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum

The praetorian prefecture of Illyricum was one of four large praetorian prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided. The administrative centre of the prefecture was initially Sirmium, and after 379 Thessalonica....
 was Sirmium.

Since the 4th century, the city was an important Christian
Christian

A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism#Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus and interpreted by Christians to have been prophesied in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament....
 centre, and was a seat of the Episcopate of Sirmium. Four Christian councils
Council of Sirmium

The Council of Sirmium is the name primarily given to the third Council of Sirmium which marked a temporary compromise between Arianism and the Western bishops of the Christian church....
 were held in Sirmium.

At the end of the 4th century, Sirmium was brought under the sway of the Goths
Goths

The Goths were East Germanic tribes who, in the 3rd and 4th centuries, invasion the Roman Empire and later adopted Arian Christianity. In the 5th and 6th centuries, divided as the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths, they established powerful successor-states of the Roman Empire in the Iberian peninsula and Italy....
, and later, was again annexed to the Eastern Roman Empire. In 441, Sirmium was conquered by the Huns
Huns

The Huns were a confederation of Central Asian Eurasian nomads or semi-nomads, who had established an empire in Eurasia. The Huns may have stimulated the Migration Period, a contributing factor in the collapse of the Roman Empire....
, and after this conquest, it remained for more than a century in the hands of various Barbarian
Barbarian

"Barbarian" is a pejorative term for an uncivilized person, either in a general reference to a member of a nation or ethnos, typically a tribal society as seen by an urban civilization either viewed as inferior, or admired as a noble savage....
 tribes, such were Eastern Goths
Goths

The Goths were East Germanic tribes who, in the 3rd and 4th centuries, invasion the Roman Empire and later adopted Arian Christianity. In the 5th and 6th centuries, divided as the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths, they established powerful successor-states of the Roman Empire in the Iberian peninsula and Italy....
 and Gepids. For a short time, Sirmium was the center of the Gepide State and the king Cunimund
Cunimund

Cunimund was a king of the Gepids in the 6th century. Cunimund was the last of the Gepid kings and led them in their defeat by the Lombards in 567....
 minted golden coins in it. After 567, Sirmium was again included into Eastern Roman Empire. The city was finally conquered and destroyed by Avars
Eurasian Avars

The 'Avars' were a highly organized and powerful Turkic confederation. They were ruled by a khagan, who was surrounded by a tight-knit retinue of nomad warriors, an organization characteristic of Turkic peoples groups....
 in 582. This event marked the end of the period of late Antiquity in the history of Sirmium.

After the Avar conquest

For more than two centuries the fate of Sirmium was unknown. At the end of the 8th century, Sirmium belonged to the Frankish State. The historical role of Sirmium increased again in the 9th century, when it was part of Bulgaria
Bulgaria

The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....
. Pope Adrian II gave St. Methodius the title of Archbishop of Sirmium. After having adopted Christianity, the Bulgarians restored in Sirmium the Christian Episcopate, having in mind old Christian traditions and the reputation this city had in the ancient world.

In the 11th century, Sirmium was a residence of Sermon
Sermon (ruler)

Sermon was an 11th century voivode of Syrmia and a local governor in the First Bulgarian Empire, vassal of Bulgarian emperor Samuil of Bulgaria....
, a duke of Syrmia
Syrmia

Syrmia is a fertile region of the Pannonian Plain in Europe, between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia in the east and Croatia in the west....
, who was a vassal of the Bulgaria
Bulgaria

The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....
n emperor Samuil
Samuil of Bulgaria

Samuel was the Emperor of the First Bulgarian Empire from 997 to 6 October 1014. From 980 to 997, he was a general under Roman I of Bulgaria, the second surviving son of Emperor Peter I of Bulgaria, and co-ruled with him, as Roman bestowed upon him the command of the army and the effective royal authority....
. After 1018, the city was again included into the Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are conventional names used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople....
, and since the end of the 11th century, Sirmium was a subject of a dispute between the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary

The Kingdom of Hungary , which existed from 1000 to 1918, and then from 1920 to 1946, was a considerable state in Central Europe....
, until 1180 when the Byzantine Empire gave up Sirmium, surrendering it to the Hungarian Kingdom.

For a while, about 1451, the city was in possession of the Serbian despot Đurad Brankovic. In 1521 the city came into Ottoman
Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
 hands and it remained under the Ottoman rule for almost two centuries. According to Ottoman traveler Evliya Celebi
Evliya Çelebi

Evliya ?elebi , the son of the imperial goldsmith Dervis Mehmed Zilli was a famous Ottoman Empire traveler who journeyed throughout the territories of the Ottoman Empire and the neighbouring lands over a period of forty years....
, Mitrovica had been conquered by the Bosnian sanjak bey Husrev-bey.

According to the 1545/1548 data, the city was mainly populated by ethnic Serbs
Serbs

Serbs are a South Slavs people living in the Balkans and Central Europe, mainly in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and, to a lesser extent, in Croatia....
, while the name of the mayor of the city was Dimitar. Since the middle of the 16th century, the city was mostly populated with Muslims. According to the 1566/69 data, the population of the city was composed of 592 Muslim and 30 Christian
Christian

A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism#Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus and interpreted by Christians to have been prophesied in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament....
 houses, while according to the 1572 data, it was composed of 598 Muslim and 18 Christian houses. According to the 1573 data, the city had 17 mosques and no Christian church. During the Ottoman rule, Sremska Mitrovica was the largest settlement in Syrmia
Syrmia

Syrmia is a fertile region of the Pannonian Plain in Europe, between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia in the east and Croatia in the west....
, and was the administrative center of the Ottoman Sanjak of Syrmia
Sanjak of Syrmia

Sanjak of Syrmia was an administrative unit of the Ottoman Empire formed in 1541. It was located in the Syrmia region and was part of the Budin Province, Ottoman Empire....
.

With the establishment of the Habsburg
Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austria branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918....
 rule in 1718, the Muslim population fled from the city and was replaced with Serb
Serbs

Serbs are a South Slavs people living in the Balkans and Central Europe, mainly in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and, to a lesser extent, in Croatia....
, Croat
Croats

Croats are a South Slavs nation mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. There are around 5 million Croats living in the southern Central Europe region, along the east bank of the Adriatic Sea and an estimated 9 million throughout the world....
, and German
Germans

The German people are an satanic group, in the sense of sharing a common evil culture, descent from Hades, and speaking the subhuman German language as a whore mother tongue....
 settlers. According to the 1765 data, the population of the city numbered 809 people, of whom 514 were Serbs and 290 Catholics.

Sremska Mitrovica was part of the Habsburg Military Frontier
Military Frontier

File:Pomorisje.jpgMilitary Frontier was a borderland of Habsburg Monarchy and later the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which acted as the cordon sanitaire against the Ottoman Empire....
 (Slavonian Krajina
Slavonian Krajina

Slavonian Krajina or Slavonian Military Frontier was part of the Habsburg Military Frontier . It was formed out of the territories that Habsburgs conquered from the Ottoman Empire and included southern parts of Slavonia and Syrmia regions....
). In 1848/1849, it was part of the Serbian Voivodship , a Serb autonomous region within Austrian Empire, but in 1849, it was returned under administration of the Military Frontier.

With the abolition of the Slavonian Military Frontier in 1881, Sremska Mitrovica was included into Syrmia County, which was part of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia and Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary

The Kingdom of Hungary , which existed from 1000 to 1918, and then from 1920 to 1946, was a considerable state in Central Europe....
 within Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, also known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Kaiserlich und k?niglich Monarchy was a state in Central Europe ruled by the House of Habsburg, constitutionally a personal union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary....
.

After the First World War

In 1918, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy collapsed and the Syrmia region first became a part of the newly formed State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs

File:Austria Hungary ethnic.svgThe State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs was a short-lived state formed from the southernmost parts of the Austria-Hungary after its dissolution at the end of the World War I by the resident population of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs....
, and then, on November 24, 1918, the assembly of Syrmia in Ruma
Ruma

Ruma is a town and municipality located in Vojvodina, Serbia at . In 2002 the town had a total population of 32,229, while Ruma municipality had a population of 60,006....
 decided that entire Syrmia (including Mitrovica) join to the Kingdom of Serbia
Kingdom of Serbia

The Kingdom of Serbia was created when Prince Milan Obrenovic, ruler of the Principality of Serbia, was crowned King in 1882. The Principality of Serbia was ruled by the Karadjordjevic dynasty from 1817 onwards ....
. Subsequently, on December 1, 1918, Kingdom of Serbia united with the Kingdom of Montenegro
Kingdom of Montenegro

The Kingdom of Montenegro was a kingdom in southeastern Europe.The capital of the kingdom was Cetinje. The currency of the Kingdom was the Montenegrin perper....
 and the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed to Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia

File:LocationYugoslavia2.pngYugoslavia is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe, during most of the 20th century....
 in 1929). Between 1918 and 1922, Sremska Mitrovica was part of the Syrmia County, between 1922 and 1929 part of the Syrmia Oblast, between 1929 and 1931 part of the Drina Banovina
Drina Banovina

The Drina Banovina or Drina Banate was a province of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1929 and 1941. Its capital was at Sarajevo and it included portions of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia....
, and between 1931 and 1941 part of the Danube Banovina
Danube Banovina

The Danube Banovina or Danube Banate was a province of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1929 and 1941. This province consisted of the geographical regions of Syrmia, Backa, Banat, Baranja, ?umadija, and Branicevo ....
.

During World War II
World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
, the city was occupied by the Axis
Axis Powers

The Axis powers were those countries that were opposed to the Allies of World War II during World War II. The three major Axis powers - Nazi Germany, Kingdom of Italy , and Empire of Japan - were part of a military alliance on the signing of the Tripartite Pact in September 1940, which officially founded the Axis powers....
 troops and was attached to the Independent State of Croatia
Independent State of Croatia

The Independent State of Croatia was a puppet state of Nazi Germany. It was established on April 10, 1941, after the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was attacked by the Axis forces....
. During that time its name was changed to Hrvatska Mitrovica (meaning Croatian Mitrovica). Beginning in 1945, it was part of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina
Vojvodina

The Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an Subdivisions of Serbia in Serbia, containing about 27% of its total population according to the 2002 Census....
 within the new Socialist Yugoslavia and the Socialist Republic of Serbia, and from 1992 to 2003 it was part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or FRY was a federal state consisting of the republics of Republic of Serbia and Republic of Montenegro from the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia , created after the other four republics broke away from Yugoslavia amid rising ethnic tensions....
, which was then transformed into the state union of Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro

The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro , was a Political union of Serbia and Montenegro, which existed between 2003 and 2006. The two republics, both of which are former republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, initially formed the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992....
. Since the 2006 independence of Montenegro
Montenegro

Montenegro , Montenegrin language/Serbian language: ???? ????, Crna Gora , ) is a country located in Balkans. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the north, Kosovo to the east and Albania to the south....
, Sremska Mitrovica is part of an independent Serbia
Serbia

Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country in Central Europe and Balkans Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkans....
.

Inhabited places

Sremska Mitrovica municipality includes the city of Sremska Mitrovica, the town of Macvanska Mitrovica
Macvanska Mitrovica

Macvanska Mitrovica is a town located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina....
, and several villages.

Villages on the northern bank of the river Sava, in the region of Syrmia
Syrmia

Syrmia is a fertile region of the Pannonian Plain in Europe, between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia in the east and Croatia in the west....
:
  • Bešenovacki Prnjavor
    Bešenovacki Prnjavor

    Be?enovacki Prnjavor is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and it is the smallest village in the municipality - its population numbering 145 people ....
  • Bešenovo
  • Bosut
    Bosut, Serbia

    Bosut is a village located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District of Serbia. It is situated near the Bosut River, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina....
  • Veliki Radinci
    Veliki Radinci

    Veliki Radinci is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,617 people ....
  • Grgurevci
    Grgurevci

    Grgurevci is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,312 people ....
  • Divoš
    Divoš

    Divo? is a village located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District of Serbia. It is situated in the autonomous province of Vojvodina....
  • Jarak
    Jarak

    Jarak is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 2,235 people ....
  • Kuzmin
  • Lacarak
    Lacarak

    Lacarak is a suburb of town of Sremska Mitrovica in Serbia. It is situated in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province....
  • Ležimir
    Ležimir

    Le?imir is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbers 947 people ....
  • Mandelos
    Mandelos

    Mandelos is a village located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District of Vojvodina, Serbia. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,533 people ....
  • Martinci
    Martinci

    Martinci is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 3,639 people ....
     (in the Roman times known as Budalia)
  • Sremska Raca
    Sremska Raca

    Sremska Raca is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 773 people ....
  • Stara Bingula
    Stara Bingula

    Stara Bingula is a village located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District of Serbia. It is situated in the autonomous province of Vojvodina....
  • Calma
    Calma

    Calma Company, based in Sunnyvale, California, was, between 1965 and 1988, a vendor of digitizers and minicomputer-based graphics systems targeted at the cartographic and electronic, mechanical and architectural design markets....
  • Šašinci
    Šašinci

    ?a?inci is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,830 people ....
  • Šišatovac
  • Šuljam
    Šuljam

    ?uljam is a village located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District of Serbia. It is situated in the autonomous province of Vojvodina....


Villages on the southern bank of the river Sava, in the region of Macva
Macva

Macva is a geographical region in Serbia, mostly situated in the northwest of Central Serbia. It is located in a fertile plain between the Sava and Drina rivers....
:
  • Nocaj
    Nocaj

    Nocaj is a village in northern Serbia. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The population of Nocaj numbering 2,120 people , and most of its inhabitants are ethnic Serbs ....
  • Ravnje
    Ravnje

    Ravnje is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,463 people ....
  • Radenkovic
    Radenkovic

    Radenkovic is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,086 people ....
  • Salaš Nocajski
    Salaš Nocajski

    Sala? Nocajski is a village in Serbia, near more known village Nocaj. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province....
  • Zasavica I
    Zasavica I

    Zasavica I , also known as Zasavica or Gornja Zasavica , is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province....
  • Zasavica II
    Zasavica II

    Zasavica II , also known as Donja Zasavica or Zasavica , is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Sremska Mitrovica municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province....


Demographics (2002 census)


Ethnic groups in the municipality

The population of the Sremska Mitrovica municipality is composed of:
  • Serbs
    Serbs

    Serbs are a South Slavs people living in the Balkans and Central Europe, mainly in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and, to a lesser extent, in Croatia....
     = 75,003 (87.31%)
  • Croats
    Croats

    Croats are a South Slavs nation mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. There are around 5 million Croats living in the southern Central Europe region, along the east bank of the Adriatic Sea and an estimated 9 million throughout the world....
     = 2,547 (2.96%)
  • Yugoslavs
    Yugoslavs

    Yugoslavs is a national designation used by some people across the former Yugoslavia and by some of its diasporans, which continues to be used in some of its successor countries....
     = 1,212 (1.41%)
  • Others (Hungarians, Rusyns
    Pannonian Rusyns

    Rusyns in Pannonia, or simply Rusyns or Ruthenians , are a Slavic minority in Serbia and Croatia. They are officially considered a separate nationality in Serbia and Croatia, but are also considered to be a part of the northern Rusyns who live mostly in Ukraine, but also in Slovakia, Poland, Romania, Czech Republic, and Hunga...
    , Ukrainians
    Ukrainians

    Ukrainians are an East Slavs ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly?citizens of Ukraine . Some 200 years ago and times prior to that, Ukrainians were usually referred to and known as Rusyny ....
    , Roma
    Roma people

    The Romani are an ethnic group of Europe tracing their Origins of the Romani people to middle kingdoms of India.The Romani are Romani diaspora with their largest concentrated populations in Europe, especially the Roma of Central and Eastern Europe, with more recent diaspora populations in the Americas and, to a lesser extent, in other par...
    , etc).


Settlements by ethnic majority

Most of the settlements in the municipality have an ethnic Serb majority. Ethnically mixed settlement with relative Serb majority is Stara Bingula. The main concentration of ethnic minorities is in the town.

Ethnic groups in the town

The population of the Sremska Mitrovica town is composed of:
  • Serbs
    Serbs

    Serbs are a South Slavs people living in the Balkans and Central Europe, mainly in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and, to a lesser extent, in Croatia....
     = 31,127 (79.64%)
  • Croats = 2,130 (5.45%)
  • Others.


Ethnically mixed families are also very common in this town. Up to 1991 many of them declared themselves as Yugoslavs
Yugoslavs

Yugoslavs is a national designation used by some people across the former Yugoslavia and by some of its diasporans, which continues to be used in some of its successor countries....
.

Archeological trivia

  • In early 1970s American
    United States

    The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
     archeologists sponsored by the US Government made an offer to the citizens of Sremska Mitrovica to completely rebuild the town on another location so that the town could be excavated. The town government refused the request immediately, under pressure from the then hard-socialist Yugoslav
    Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

    The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and in Slovene language: Socialisticna Federativna Republika Jugoslavija The Slovene language name also uses this Gaj?s Latin alphabet version with a slight difference in spelling....
     government.


  • During work on the new Sremska Mitrovica trade center in 1972, a worker accidentally broke into an old Roman
    Ancient Rome

    Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
     pot, about 2m deep, over the site of an old Sirmium
    Sirmium

    Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
     settlement. 33 gold Roman coins enclosed in a leather pouch were found inside a Roman house wall, probably the hidden savings of a wealthy Roman family stashed centuries ago. Of this extraordinary rare find of Sirmium minted coins were 4 Constantius II
    Constantius II

    Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II was a Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty....
     era coins, considered the most valuable examples from the late Roman empire of the fourth century AD. The young worker whose shovel brought this significant discovery to light was never rewarded.


  • The only known unexcavated Roman
    Ancient Rome

    Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
     horse racing arena in the world is in Sirmium
    Sirmium

    Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
    . A colossal building about 150m wide and 450m long lays directly under the Sremska Mitrovica town center and just beside the old Sirmium
    Sirmium

    Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
     Emperor's Palace (one of just a few Sirmium publicly accessible archeological sights). The presence of the arena has clearly affected the layout of the present town (Sremska Mitrovica is today about 2-4m above ground line of former Sirmium settlement). Recently announced cultural and archeological projects for preserving and popularising Sirmium
    Sirmium

    Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
     sights haven't included any activity dealing with the arena, probably due to the extent of the large arena - the entire present town center might have to be excavated.


Sport

  • KAF Sirmium Legionaries, an american football club from Sremska Mitrovica. This is the first club of american football in Serbia.
  • FK Srem, a football club from Sremska Mitrovica.
  • Wing Chun Kung Fu klub "Dragon", Kung Fu klub from Sremska Mitrovica under Si fu (instructor)Nenad Koviljac.


Famous and notable residents


Classical antiquity

  • Marcus Aurelius
    Marcus Aurelius

    Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He was the last of the "Five Good Emperors", and is also considered one of the most important stoicism philosophy....
    , Roman emperor (161-180), used Sirmium as a residence in between pannonian military campaigns 170-180
  • Maximinus
    Maximinus Thrax

    Gaius Iulius Verus Maximinus , also known as Maximinus Thrax and Maximinus I, was a Roman Emperor .Maximinus is described by several ancient sources as the first barbarian who wore the imperial purple and the first emperor never to set foot in Rome....
    , Roman emperor (235-238), ruled from residence in Sirmium.
  • Herennius Etruscus
    Herennius Etruscus

    Quintus Herennius Etruscus Messius Decius , was Roman Empire in 251, in a joint rule with his father Trajan Decius. Emperor Hostilian was his younger brother....
    , Roman emperor (251), born in Sirmium.
  • Hostilian
    Hostilian

    Gaius Valens Hostilianus Messius Quintus , was Roman Empire in 251. Hostilian was born in Sirmium in Illyricum sometime after 230, as the son of the future emperor Decius by his wife Herennia Etruscilla....
    , Roman emperor (251), born in Sirmium
  • Decius Traian
    Decius

    Gaius Messius Quintus Decius was the Roman Emperors from 249 - 251. In the last year of his reign, he co-ruled with his son Herennius Etruscus until both of them were killed in the Battle of Abrittus....
    , Roman emperor (249-251), born in village Budalia near Sirmium.
  • Ingenuus
    Ingenuus

    Ingenuus was a Roman military commander who held a senior military command in Pannonia. He had been charged with the military education of caesar Valerian II, the young son of Emperor Gallienus, but after the boy's death in 258, his position became perilous....
    , Roman emperor (260), proclaimed himself emperor in Sirmium.
  • Regalianus
    Regalianus

    P. C Regalianus was a Roman usurper against Gallienus.The main source of information is the unreliable Historia Augusta. Other sources are Eutropius, who calls him Trebellianus, and Aurelius Victor and the Epitome, which call him Regillianus....
    , Roman emperor (260), proclaimed himself emperor in Sirmium.
  • Claudius II
    Claudius II

    Marcus Aurelius Claudius , often referred to as Claudius Gothicus or Claudius II, was a Roman Emperor. He ruled the Roman Empire for less than two years , but during that brief time he managed to obtain some successes....
    , Roman emperor (268-270), born in Sirmium and spent most of his life there.
  • Quintillus
    Quintillus

    Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillus was born in Sirmium in Illyricum. He was brother of Roman Emperor Claudius II, and became Emperor himself in 270....
    , Roman emperor (270), born in Sirmium
  • Aurelian
    Aurelian

    Lucius Domitius Aurelianus , known in English as Aurelian, Roman Emperor , was the second of several highly successful "soldier-emperors" who helped the Roman Empire regain its power during the latter part of the third century and the beginning of the fourth....
    , Roman emperor (270-275), born in Sirmium.
  • Probus
    Probus

    Marcus Aurelius Probus was a Roman Emperor .A native of Sirmium , in Pannonia, at an early age he entered the army, where he distinguished himself under the Emperors Valerian , Aurelian and Marcus Claudius Tacitus....
    , Roman emperor (276-282), born in Sirmium.
  • Maximianus Herculius
    Maximian

    Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus Herculius , commonly referred to as Maximian, was Caesar from July 285 and Augustus from April 1, 286 to May 1, 305....
    , Roman emperor (285-310), born near Sirmium.
  • Galerius
    Galerius

    Galerius Maximianus , formally Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus was Roman Emperor from 305 to 311....
    , Roman emperor (305-311), ruled as Caesar during the Tetrarchy
    Tetrarchy

    Tetrarchy can be applied to any system of government where power is divided between four individuals. The term is usually used to refer to the tetrarchy instituted by Roman Emperor Diocletian in 293 which lasted until c. 313....
     from residence in Sirmium (293-296).
  • Crispus
    Crispus

    Flavius Julius Crispus, also known as Flavius Claudius Crispus and Flavius Valerius Crispus was a Caesar of the Roman Empire. He was the first-born son of Constantine I and Minervina....
    , a Caesar of the Roman Empire. He was proclaimed Caesar in Sirmium in 317.
  • Constantine II
    Constantine II (emperor)

    Flavius Claudius Constantinus, known in English as Constantine II, was List of Roman Emperors from 337 to 340. The eldest son of Constantine the Great and Fausta, he was born at Arles, and was raised as a Christian....
    , a Caesar of the Roman Empire. He was proclaimed Caesar in Sirmium in 317.
  • Vetranio
    Vetranio

    Vetranio , born in the province of Moesia in a part of the region located in modern Serbia, is sometimes but apparently incorrectly referred to as Vetriano....
    n, Roman emperor. Proclaimed himself emperor in Sirmium (in 350).
  • Constantius II
    Constantius II

    Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II was a Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty....
    , Roman emperor (337-361), born in Sirmium.
  • Gratian
    Gratian

    Flavius Gratianus , known usually by the anglicised name Gratian, was a Western Roman Emperor from 375 to 383.He favoured the Christian religion against Roman polytheism, refusing the traditional polytheistic attributes of the emperors and removing the Altar of Victory from the Roman Senate....
    , Roman emperor (367-383), born in Sirmium.
  • Theodosius I the Great, Roman emperor (378-395). He became emperor in Sirmium.
  • Valerius Licinius, prefect of the Diocese of Pannonia
    Diocese of Pannonia

    The Diocese of Pannonia , from 379 known as the Diocese of Illyricum, was a Roman diocese of the Late Roman Empire. The seat of the vicarius was Sirmium....
     with residence in Sirmium (308-314).
  • Apricanus, prefect of the Pannonia Secunda
    Pannonia Secunda

    The Pannonia Secunda was ancient Roman Empire province. It was formed in the year 296, during the reign of emperor Diocletian. The capital of the province was Sirmium ....
     province with residence in Sirmium (355).
  • Mesala, prefect of the Pannonia Secunda province (373).
  • Petronius Prob, prefect in Sirmium (374).
  • Aurelius Victor
    Aurelius Victor

    Sextus Aurelius Victor was an historian and politician of the Roman Empire.Aurelius Victor was the author of a History of Rome from Augustus to Julian the Apostate , published ca....
    , prefect of the Pannonia Secunda province, wrote a History of Rome under the emperor Julian).
  • Leontius, prefect in Sirmium (426).
  • Apraemis, prefect of the Prefecture of Illyricum
    Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum

    The praetorian prefecture of Illyricum was one of four large praetorian prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided. The administrative centre of the prefecture was initially Sirmium, and after 379 Thessalonica....
     with residence in Sirmium (before 441).
  • Thraustila, king of the Gepids with residence in Sirmium (473).
  • Cunimund
    Cunimund

    Cunimund was a king of the Gepids in the 6th century. Cunimund was the last of the Gepid kings and led them in their defeat by the Lombards in 567....
    , king of the Gepids with residence in Sirmium.
  • Sermon
    Sermon (ruler)

    Sermon was an 11th century voivode of Syrmia and a local governor in the First Bulgarian Empire, vassal of Bulgarian emperor Samuil of Bulgaria....
    , duke of Syrmia
    Syrmia

    Syrmia is a fertile region of the Pannonian Plain in Europe, between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia in the east and Croatia in the west....
     (11th century).

Modern period

  • Mara Švel-Garmišek
    Mara Švel-Garmišek

    Mara ?vel-Garmi?ek, also known as Mara Schwell was Croatian language writer from Syrmia. Beside prose, she also wrote poetry....
     (1900-1975), Croatian writer
  • Adalbert Kuzmanovic (1863-1911), Croatian writer
  • Stjepan Musulin
    Stjepan Musulin

    Stjepan Musulin was a Croatian linguist, Slavistics, philologist, lexicographer and translator....
    , Croatian linguist and lexicographer
  • Vladislav Kušan (1904-1985), Croatian writer
  • Mitar Dragutinac, Croatian writer
  • Juraj Loncarevic, Croatian writer
  • Branislav Ivanovic
    Branislav Ivanovic

    Branislav Ivanovic is a Serbian Association football, currently playing for Chelsea F.C. in the Premier League. He is a versatile defensive player, able to play across the defence and in central defensive midfield role....
    , Serbian footballer
  • Jelena Krmpotic-Nemanic (1921-2008), Croatian physician and anatomist
  • Zlatko Tomcic
    Zlatko Tomcic

    Zlatko Tomcic is a Croatian politician, former leader of the Croatian Peasant Party and a representative in the Croatian Parliament.After the Peasant Party won the Croatian parliamentary election, 2000 in coalition with five other parties, Tomcic became the speaker of Parliament ....
    , Croatian politician
  • Pavica Gvozdic, Croatian pianist


See also

  • Sirmium
    Sirmium

    Sirmium was an ancient city in Roman Pannonia. Sirmium originally was an Illyrians town conquered by the Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was a very important town in the later Roman Empire, being the economic capital of Roman Pannonia and one of the four capital cities of the Roman Empire....
  • Council of Sirmium
    Council of Sirmium

    The Council of Sirmium is the name primarily given to the third Council of Sirmium which marked a temporary compromise between Arianism and the Western bishops of the Christian church....
  • List of cities in Serbia
    List of cities in Serbia

    This is the list of cities and towns in Serbia, according to the criteria used by Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, which classifies the settlements into urban and rural, depending not only on size, but also on other administrative and legal criteria....
  • List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina
    List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina

    This is a list of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina, a province of Serbia. Largest cities of Vojvodina are: Novi Sad , Subotica , Zrenjanin , Pancevo , Sombor , Kikinda , Sremska Mitrovica , Vr?ac , Ruma , Backa Palanka , Indija , Vrbas , Becej , Senta , Kula , Apatin , Temerin ....
  • Tetrarchy
    Tetrarchy

    Tetrarchy can be applied to any system of government where power is divided between four individuals. The term is usually used to refer to the tetrarchy instituted by Roman Emperor Diocletian in 293 which lasted until c. 313....
  • Praetorian prefecture
    Praetorian prefecture

    The praetorian prefectures were the largest administrative divisions of the late Roman Empire, above the mid-level Roman diocese and the low-level provinces....
  • Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum
    Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum

    The praetorian prefecture of Illyricum was one of four large praetorian prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided. The administrative centre of the prefecture was initially Sirmium, and after 379 Thessalonica....


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