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A sports drink is a beverage designed to help athletes rehydrate, as well as replenish electrolyte
Electrolyte

An electrolyte is any substance containing free ions that behaves as an electrical conductor medium. Because they generally consist of ions in solution, electrolytes are also known as ionic solutions, but molten electrolytes and solid electrolytes are also possible....
s, carbohydrates, and other nutrient
Nutrient

A nutrient is a chemical that an organism needs to live and grow or a substance used in an organism's metabolism which must be taken in from its environment....
s, which can be depleted after training or competition. Electrolyte replacement promotes proper rehydration, which is important in delaying the onset of fatigue during exercise. As the primary fuel utilized by exercising muscle, carbohydrates are important in maintaining exercise and sport performance.

ts drinks can be split into three major types.


Most sports drinks are moderately hypertonic, having between 13 and 19 grams sugar per an eight ounce serving.

umption of excessive amounts of water can cause water intoxication
Water intoxication

Water intoxication is a potential fatal disturbance in brain functions that results when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside of safe limits by over-consumption of water....
, a potentially fatal imbalance of electrolytes in the body.






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A sports drink is a beverage designed to help athletes rehydrate, as well as replenish electrolyte
Electrolyte

An electrolyte is any substance containing free ions that behaves as an electrical conductor medium. Because they generally consist of ions in solution, electrolytes are also known as ionic solutions, but molten electrolytes and solid electrolytes are also possible....
s, carbohydrates, and other nutrient
Nutrient

A nutrient is a chemical that an organism needs to live and grow or a substance used in an organism's metabolism which must be taken in from its environment....
s, which can be depleted after training or competition. Electrolyte replacement promotes proper rehydration, which is important in delaying the onset of fatigue during exercise. As the primary fuel utilized by exercising muscle, carbohydrates are important in maintaining exercise and sport performance.

Categories of sports drinks

Sports drinks can be split into three major types.
  • Isotonic
    Tonicity

    Tonicity measures the ability of a solution to exert an osmotic pressure upon the membrane. Osmolality and osmolarity measure concentration of the solutes independently on their ability to cross the membrane....
     sports drinks contain proportions of water and other nutrients similar to the human body, and typically are six to eight percent sugar.
  • Hypertonic
    Tonicity

    Tonicity measures the ability of a solution to exert an osmotic pressure upon the membrane. Osmolality and osmolarity measure concentration of the solutes independently on their ability to cross the membrane....
     sports drinks contain a lesser proportion of water, and a greater proportion of sugar, than the human body.
  • Hypotonic
    Tonicity

    Tonicity measures the ability of a solution to exert an osmotic pressure upon the membrane. Osmolality and osmolarity measure concentration of the solutes independently on their ability to cross the membrane....
     sports drinks contain a greater proportion of water, and a lesser proportion of sugar, than the human body.


Most sports drinks are moderately hypertonic, having between 13 and 19 grams sugar per an eight ounce serving.

Risk of Water Intoxication

Consumption of excessive amounts of water can cause water intoxication
Water intoxication

Water intoxication is a potential fatal disturbance in brain functions that results when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside of safe limits by over-consumption of water....
, a potentially fatal imbalance of electrolytes in the body. Water intoxication is extremely rare. It might occur, for example, during intense exercise when heavy sweating removes water and electrolytes from the body, but only large quantities of water are consumed to replace what has been lost. The resulting low concentration of electrolytes adversely affect central nervous system
Central nervous system

The central nervous system is the part of the nervous system that functions to coordinate the activity of all parts of the bodies of multicellular organisms....
 function.

Many sports drinks reduce the risk of water intoxication by replenishing fluids and electrolytes in a ratio similar to that normally found in the human body. However, some sports drinks have low concentrations of electrolytes, so zealous overconsumption of them could also lead to water intoxication. People whose work or exercise put them at high risk of developing heat illness or water intoxication should seek professional advice about proper rehydration.

See also

  • Dehydration
    Dehydration

    Dehydration is the removal of water from an object. In Physiology terms, it entails a relative deficiency of water molecules in relation to other dissolved solutes....
  • Electrolyte
    Electrolyte

    An electrolyte is any substance containing free ions that behaves as an electrical conductor medium. Because they generally consist of ions in solution, electrolytes are also known as ionic solutions, but molten electrolytes and solid electrolytes are also possible....
  • Hyperthermia
    Hyperthermia

    Hyperthermia, in its advanced state referred to as heat stroke or sunstroke, is an acute condition which occurs when the body produces or absorbs more heat than it can dissipate....
  • Oral rehydration therapy
    Oral rehydration therapy

    Oral rehydration therapy is a simple, cheap, and effective treatment for dehydration associated with diarrhea, particularly gastroenteritis, such as that caused by cholera or rotavirus....
  • Physical Exercise
    Physical exercise

    Physical exercise is any bodily activity that raises the heart rate above its resting level and enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health....
  • 100plus
    100plus

    100plus is an isotonic sports drink sold in Malaysia and Singapore, though it can also be found throughout Asia as well as Australia. As of 2007, there are 5 flavours: 'Original', 'Lemon Lime', 'Tangerine', 'Aqtiv' and 'Power'....
  • Pocari Sweat
    Pocari Sweat

    is a popular Japanese soft drink and sports drink, manufactured by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. It was first sold in 1980.Pocari Sweat is a mild-tasting, relatively light sweet drink and advertises itself as an "Ion supply drink." Ingredients listed are water, sugar, flavourings, acids, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium lactate a...