All Topics  
Spanglish

 

   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link

 

Spanglish


 
 

Spanglishespanglish, espaninglish, el Spanish broken, ingléspañol, ingleñol, espan'glés, espanolo,|blends]] of the language names "English" and "Spanish") or jerga fronteriza — refers to the range of language-contact phenomena, primarily in the speech of the HispanicHispanic

Hispanic is a term denoting a derivation from Spain, its people and culture....
 and Anglo population of the United StatesUnited States

The United States of America, also known as the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., and America, is...
 and the population of MexicoMexico Summary

The United Mexican States, generally known as Mexico is a country located in North America, bordered at the north by t...
 living near the Mexican-American border, who are exposed to both SpanishSpanish language

Spanish or Castilian is an Iberian Romance language....
 and EnglishEnglish language

English is a widely distributed language that originated in England but is now the primary language in numerous countries....
.

These phenomena are produced by close border contact and large bilingual communities along the United States-Mexico border and CaliforniaCalifornia

California is a state spanning the southern half of the west coast of the contiguous United States....
, OregonOregon

Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States....
, TexasTexas

Texas is a state in both the Southern and Western region of the United States of America....
, ArizonaArizona

Arizona is a U.S. state located in the Southwestern United States....
, New MexicoNew Mexico

New Mexico is a southwestern state in the United States of America....
, FloridaFlorida

Florida is a U.S. state located in the southeastern United States....
, Puerto RicoPuerto Rico

The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , also Porto Rico and more commonly Puerto Rico, is a United States territory w...
, The City of New York, and ChicagoChicago

Chicago is the largest city in the U.S....
. It is common in PanamaPanama Overview

The Republic of Panama , commonly known as Panama, is the southernmost country of Central America....
, where the 96-year (1903-1999) U.S. control of the Panama CanalPanama Canal

The Panama Canal is a major ship canal that traverses the Isthmus of Panama in Central America, connecting the Atlantic and...
 influenced much of local society, especially among the former residents of the Panama Canal Zone, the ZonianZonian Overview

A Zonian is a person who considers the Panama Canal Zone, a political entity viable between 1903 and 1999, his or her true h...
s.

Spanglish also is known by a regional name, e.g. "Tex-Mex" in Texas, (cf. "Tex-Mex cuisineTex-Mex cuisine

Tex-Mex is a term used to describe Americanized Mexican food....
").

In MexicoMexico

The United Mexican States, generally known as Mexico is a country located in North America, bordered at the north by t...
, the term pochismoPocho

Pocho is a term for a Mexican who is born and/or raised in the United States....
 applies to Spanglish words and expressions. Spanglish is not a pidginPidgin

A pidgin, or contact language, is the name given to any language created, usually spontaneously, out of a mixture of o...
 language. In the late 1940s, the Puerto Rican linguist Salvador Tió coined the terms Spanglish and inglañol, a converse phenomenon wherein Spanish admixes with English; the latter term is not as popular as the former.

In the vernacular, Spanglish is a jocular mix-up of Spanish and English wherein the speaker renders an English word to sound Spanish in a jokingly demeaning way: "Oh, here comes El Tubbo" (a fat man, known to the speaker, who would be unoffended), expressing action or excitement: "I want some snackolas!!", "Let's party-ola!", or "Here's the pizza-mundo", and innocuous such as "Take los kitties to the vet, okay?" The examples tend to not gender match in Spanish, but is considered neither error or offense, e.g. "No problem-o" (should be "problema"). Another use is in a pun or joke: "I speak Spanglish." which is followed by either "sí?" or "see?", both pronounced alike.

There is another dialect, known as LlanitoLlanito

Llanito or Yanito is an Andalusian Spanish-based example of code-switching, spoken in the British dependent territory ...
, that arose in BritishUnited Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country and sovereign state that lies off the northwest coast...
-controlled GibraltarGibraltar

Gibraltar is a British overseas territory....
 and is not a part of the "Spanglish" phenomenon.

Linguistic critique of the term "Spanglish"

Spanglish is a popular, but not technical, term for these linguistic phenomena. LinguistsLinguistics

Linguistics is the scientific study of human language....
 refer to them with several terms: code mixing, code switching, loanwordLoanword

A loanword is a word directly taken into one language from another with little or no translation....
, language contactLanguage contact

Language contact occurs when speakers of distinct speech varieties interact....
, and generally, bilingualism. Linguists do not consider Spanglish a term useful in discussing these phenomena, because it groups linguistic phenonema that do not necessarily belong together; many things labelled Spanglish are very different from each other. The novel Yo-Yo Boing!, by Puerto Rican writer Giannina BraschiGiannina Braschi

Poet and novelist Giannina Braschi is credited with writing the first Spanglish novel YO-YO BOING! and the poetry trilogy ...
, is an example of a fully bilingual literary exercise incorporating code-switching, bilingualism, and Spanish.

For example, the speech of a fully bilingual Spanish and English speaker in the U.S. who spontaneously switches between Spanish and English usages in mid-sentence, linguistically is someone very different from a monolingual Puerto Rican Spanish speaker whose native vocabulary contains many English words and expressions.

See also

  • Caló (Chicano)Caló (Chicano)

    Cal? is an argot or slang of Mexican Spanish initially spoken in the first half of the 20th century in the Southwestern Uni...
     a Mexican-American argotArgot Overview

    Argot is primarily slang used by various groups, including but not limited to thieves and other criminals, to prevent outsi...
    , similar to Spanglish.
  • Chicano EnglishChicano English

    Chicano English is a dialect of American English used by Chicanos....
  • Dog LatinFacts About Dog Latin

    The phrase Dog Latin refers to the creation of a phrase or jargon in imitation of Latin, often by directly translating Engli...
  • Inglés de escalerillaInglés de escalerilla

    Ingl?s de escalerilla was a Spanish-English pidgin in use in Spanish Mediterranean seaports....
     (Spanish Mediterranean coast)
  • Languages in the United StatesLanguages in the United States

    Although the United States currently has no official language, English has long been the de facto national language....
  • LlanitoLlanito

    Llanito or Yanito is an Andalusian Spanish-based example of code-switching, spoken in the British dependent territory ...
     (an AndalusianAndalusian Spanish Summary

    The Andalusian dialect of European Spanish is spoken in Andalusia....
     Spanish-based creoleSpanish-based Creole languages

    A number of Creole languages are based on the Spanish language. ...
     unique to GibraltarGibraltar

    Gibraltar is a British overseas territory....
    )
  • Germán ValdésGermán Valdés

    Germ?n Genaro Cipriano Gomez Vald?s Castillo , better known as Tin-Tan, was a Mexican actor, singer and comedian who w...
     A MexicanMexico Overview

    The United Mexican States, generally known as Mexico is a country located in North America, bordered at the north by t...
     comedian known as Tin Tan who made heavy use of Spanglish. He also dressed as a pachucoPachuco

    Pachucos were Mexican American youth who developed their own subculture during the 1930s and 1940s in the Southwestern U...
    .
  • Chicano performance artist Guillermo Gómez-PeñaGuillermo Gómez-Peña

    Guillermo G?mez-Pe?a was born in Mexico City and moved to the US in 1978, where he established himself as a performance arti...
     also makes heavy use of Spanglish.
  • Puerto Rican writer Giannina BraschiGiannina Braschi

    Poet and novelist Giannina Braschi is credited with writing the first Spanglish novel YO-YO BOING! and the poetry trilogy ...
     wrote the Spanglish novel "Yo-Yo Boing!" (1998).
  • Mexican rock band MolotovMolotov (band)

    Molotov is a Mexican rock and hip hop band formed on September 23, 1995....
    , whose members use Spanglish in their lyrics.
  • American progressive rockProgressive rock

    Progressive rock is a subgenre of rock music which arose in the late 1960s, reached the peak of its popularity in the 1970s...
      band The Mars VoltaThe Mars Volta

    The Mars Volta is an American rock group founded by Cedric Bixler-Zavala and Omar Rodriguez-Lopez....
    , whose song lyrics frequently switch back and forth between English and Spanish.

External links

  • Ilán StavansIlan Stavans

    Ilan Stavans is a prominent American intellectual, essayist, lexicographer, cultural commentator, translator, short-story au...
      (Spanglish translation)
  • "Nuyorican Power," Current TV program on Nuyorican culture, featuring Giannina Braschi, Produced By: Evan B. Stone & Carrie Pyle.