Soviet Republic
Encyclopedia
Soviet republic, a republic ruled by soviets
(workers' councils), may refer to one of the following:
See also: Socialist state
, Communist state
Soviet (council)
Soviet was a name used for several Russian political organizations. Examples include the Czar's Council of Ministers, which was called the “Soviet of Ministers”; a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia; and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union....
(workers' councils), may refer to one of the following:
- Bolshevik Russia and the Russian SFSRRussian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicThe Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic , commonly referred to as Soviet Russia, Bolshevik Russia, or simply Russia, was the largest, most populous and economically developed republic in the former Soviet Union....
after the Russian Revolution of 1917 and during the Russian Civil War. - Any of the Republics of the Soviet UnionRepublics of the Soviet UnionThe Republics of the Soviet Union or the Union Republics of the Soviet Union were ethnically-based administrative units that were subordinated directly to the Government of the Soviet Union...
. - Any of several short-lived communistCommunismCommunism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...
revolutionary governments that were established after the Russian Revolution under its influence:- Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte (Workers' and Soldiers' Councils) established throughout Germany, beginning in Kiel, during the German Revolution of November 1918, including Bremen, Braunschweig, Würzburg, Munich (Bavarian Soviet RepublicBavarian Soviet RepublicThe Bavarian Soviet Republic, also known as the Munich Soviet Republic was, as part of the German Revolution of 1918–1919, the short-lived attempt to establish a socialist state in form of a council republic in the Free State of Bavaria. It sought independence from the also recently proclaimed...
(1918–1919)) and Alsace (Alsace Soviet Republic (8–22 November 1918)). - Bukharan People's Soviet RepublicBukharan People's Soviet RepublicThe Bukharan People's Soviet Republic was a short-lived Soviet state which governed the former Emirate of Bukhara during the period immediately following the Russian Revolution from 1920-1925. In 1924 its name was changed to the Bukharan Soviet Socialist Republic...
(October 1920–September 1924), established by Bolshevik communists on the territory of the Emirate of Bukhara. - Bukharan Soviet Socialist Republic (September 1924–February 1925), short-lived successor of the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic, predecessor of Uzbek SSR.
- Chinese Soviet Republic, also known as the "Jiangxi Soviet" (1931–1934): led by Mao Zedong's faction of the Communist Party of China.
- Commune of the Working People of EstoniaCommune of the Working People of EstoniaThe Commune of the Working People of Estonia was an unrecognised government claiming the Bolshevik-occupied parts of Republic of Estonia as its territories during the Estonian War of Independence and the Russian Civil War...
(November 1918–February 1919). - Finnish Socialist Workers' RepublicFinnish Socialist Workers' RepublicThe Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic was a short-lived Finnish socialist government, established by a revolution just prior to the Finnish Civil War and in the aftermath of the October Revolution...
(January–April 1918) in the south of Finland only: Social Democratic Party of Finland. - Galician Soviet Socialist RepublicGalician Soviet Socialist RepublicThe Galician Soviet Socialist Republic existed from July 8, 1920 to September 21, 1920 during the Polish-Soviet War within the area of the South-Western front of the Red Army...
(9 July–21 September 1920), created in Soviet-occupied territory during the Polish–Soviet War. - Hunan Soviet (ca. 1927): Communist Party of China.
- Hungarian Soviet RepublicHungarian Soviet RepublicThe Hungarian Soviet Republic or Soviet Republic of Hungary was a short-lived Communist state established in Hungary in the aftermath of World War I....
(1919): Hungarian Communist Party. - Limerick SovietLimerick SovietThe Limerick Soviet was a self-declared soviet that existed from 15 to 27 April 1919. At the beginning of the Irish War of Independence, a general strike was organised by the Limerick Trades and Labour Council, as a protest against the British army's declaration of a "Special Military Area" under...
(15–27 April 1919) established by Limerick trade union council during a general strike against British military rule. - Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (February–August 1919).
- Persian Socialist Soviet RepublicPersian Socialist Soviet RepublicThe Persian Socialist Soviet Republic was a short-lived Soviet republic in the Iranian province of Gilan that lasted from June 1920 until September 1921...
also known as the Soviet Republic of Gilan (June 1920–September 1921). - Republic of UžiceRepublic of UžiceThe Republic of Užice was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in Nazi-occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of Serbia...
(1941), a Partisan-governed military state during World War IIWorld War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. - Slovak Soviet RepublicSlovak Soviet RepublicThe Slovak Soviet Republic comprised a very short-lived communist state in south and eastern Slovakia from 16 June to 7 July 1919, with its capital in...
(16 June–7 July 1919), directly supported by the Hungarian one. - Soviet Republic of NaissaarSoviet Republic of NaissaarThe Soviet Republic of Soldiers and Fortress-Builders of Naissaar was a revolutionary state that during the First World War controlled the Estonian island of Naissaar in 1917-1918 for a brief period after the October Revolution and prior to the Occupation of Estonia by German Empire.- History :On...
, on an island in the Baltic Sea (1917–1918).
- Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte (Workers' and Soldiers' Councils) established throughout Germany, beginning in Kiel, during the German Revolution of November 1918, including Bremen, Braunschweig, Würzburg, Munich (Bavarian Soviet Republic
- The Soviet republic (system of government)Soviet republic (system of government)A Soviet Republic is a system of government in which the whole state power belongs to the Soviets . Although the term is usually associated with communist states, it was not initially intended to represent only one political force, but merely a form of democracy and representation.In the classic...
implemented in the USSR and other soviet republics.
See also: Socialist state
Socialist state
A socialist state generally refers to any state constitutionally dedicated to the construction of a socialist society. It is closely related to the political strategy of "state socialism", a set of ideologies and policies that believe a socialist economy can be established through government...
, Communist state
Communist state
A communist state is a state with a form of government characterized by single-party rule or dominant-party rule of a communist party and a professed allegiance to a Leninist or Marxist-Leninist communist ideology as the guiding principle of the state...