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Solitaire

 

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Solitaire


 
 

History

Like the origin of playing cardPlaying card

A playing card is a typically hand-sized piece of heavy paper or thin plastic used for playing card games....
s, the origin of solitaire is largely unknown as there are no historical records to support it. Some scholars think these kinds of games are largely French in origin as early English language books about patience games refer to French literature, as can be seen in the names of some games in English books such as La Belle LucieLa Belle Lucie Summary

La Belle Lucie is a solitaire game where the object is to build the cards into the foundations....
, Le CadranForty Thieves Overview

Forty Thieves is a solitaire card game....
, Le Loi SaliqueSalic Law (solitaire)

Salic Law is a solitaire card game using two decks of 52 playing cards each....
, La Nivernaise and others.

Napoleon was also said to have "played patience" (solitaire) during his exile. Some solitaire games were named after him, such as Napoleon at St. HelenaForty Thieves

Forty Thieves is a solitaire card game....
, Napoleon's SquareNapoleon's Square

Napoleon's Square is a solitaire card game which uses two decks of playing cards....
, etc. But whether he played those games or actually invented them is not known.

The first collection of solitaire card games in the English language is attributed to Lady Adelaide Cadogan through her Illustrated Games of Patience, published in about in 1870 and reprinted several times. Before this, there was no literature about solitaire, not even in such books as Charles CottonCharles Cotton

Charles Cotton was an English poet, best-known for translating the work of Michel de Montaigne from the French....
's The Compleat Gamester (1674), Abbé Bellecour's Academie des Jeux (1674), and Bohn's Handbook of Games (1850), all of which are used as reference on card games.

Lady Cadogan's book spawned other collections such as Patience by E. D. Cheney, Amusements for Invalids by Annie B. Henshaw (1870), and later Dick's Games of Patience, published by Dick and FitzgeraldDick and Fitzgerald

Dick and Fitzgerald was a 19th century United States publisher, founded by William Brisbane Dick and [?] Fitzgerald, based ...
. Other books about solitaire written towards the end of the 19th century were by H. E. Jones (a.k.a. Cavendish), Angelo Lewis (a.k.a. Professor Hoffman), Basil Dalton, and Ernest Bergholt.

Examples of solitaire card games

See: List of solitaire card gamesList of solitaire card games

This is a list of solitaire or patience card games....


Reference materials

  • Lee, Sloane & Packard, Gabriel. 100 Best Solitaire Games: 100 Ways to Entertain Yourself with a Deck of Cards. ; New York, N. Y.: Cardoza Publishing, 2004. (ISBN 1-58042-115-6)
  • Arnold, Peter. Card Games for One. London: Hamlyn, 2002 (ISBN 0-600-60727-5)
  • Moorehead, Albert H. & Mott-Smith, Geoffrey. The Complete Book of Solitaire and Patience Games. New York: Bantam Books, 1977 (ISBN 0-553-26240-8)
  • Crépeau, Pierre. The Complete Book of Solitaire (a translation of Le Grand Livre des Patiences). Willowdale, Ontario: Firefly Books, 2001. (ISBN 1-55209-597-5)
  • Marks, Arnold & Harrod, Jacqueline. Card Games Made Easy. Surrey, England: Clarion, 1997 (ISBN 1-899606-17-3)

See also

  • Solitaire terminologySolitaire terminology

    There are a number of common features in many solitaire games, such as 'building down' and the 'foundations' and 'tableau', used ...
  • Mahjong solitaireMahjong solitaire

    Mahjong solitaire, also known as Shanghai solitaire, electronic or computerized mahjong, MahJong solita...
  • Patience sortingFacts About Patience sorting

    Patience sorting is a sorting algorithm, based on a solitaire card game, that has the property of being able to efficiently ...
  • Video pokerVideo poker

    Video poker is a casino game based on five-card draw poker....
  • Solitaire (Windows)
  • Spider Solitaire (Windows)Spider Solitaire (Windows)

    Spider Solitaire is a card game that is included in recent versions of Microsoft Windows....
  • Marble SolitaireMarble Solitaire

    This is game of one player. Unlike the Glass balls shown in the diagram, original Marble solitaire uses marble balls.Hence the nam...


External links

  • , by Adelaide Cadogan, 1914, from Project GutenbergProject Gutenberg

    Project Gutenberg is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive, and distribute cultural works....
  • , by Mary Whitmore Jones, about 1898, original book-scan from Archive.org
  • - a video presentation about the Math behind solitaire