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Sodium perborate

 

 
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Sodium perborate
 
 
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Sodium perborate (PBS) is a white, odorless, water-soluble chemical compound
Chemical compound

A chemical compound is a Chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical element Chemical bond together in a fixed mass ratio that can be split into simpler substances....
 with chemical formula
Chemical formula

A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes in chemical reactions....
 3. It crystallizes as the monohydrate, NaBO3.H2O, tetrahydrate, NaBO3.4H2O and trihydrate, NaBO3.3H2 O. The monohydrate and tetrahydrate are the commercially important forms.

um perborate is manufactured by reaction of disodium tetraborate pentahydrate
Borax

Borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important boron compound, a mineral, and a salt of boric acid....
, hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is a very pale blue liquid which appears colorless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. It is a weak acid....
, and sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide , also known as lye, caustic soda and sodium hydrate, is a caustic metallic Base . Sodium hydroxide forms a strong alkaline solution when dissolved in a solvent such as water, however, only the hydroxide ion is basic....
.The monohydrate form dissolves better than the tetrahydrate and has higher heat stability; it is prepared by heating the tetrahydrate. Sodium perborate undergoes hydrolysis
Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction during which one or more water are split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions which may go on to participate in further reactions....
 in contact with water, producing hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is a very pale blue liquid which appears colorless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. It is a weak acid....
 and borate
Borate

Borates in chemistry are chemical compounds containing boron oxoanions, with boron in oxidation state +3. The simplest borate ion is the trigonal planar, BO33-, although many others are known....
.

ke sodium percarbonate
Sodium percarbonate

Sodium percarbonate is a white crystalline water-soluble chemical compound of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide.It is an oxidizing agent and ingredient in a number of home and laundry detergent products....
 and perphosphate, the sodium perborate are not simply addition compounds of hydrogen peroxide, but contain a cyclic anion with peroxo bridges and do not contain the BO3− ion.






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Encyclopedia


Sodium perborate (PBS) is a white, odorless, water-soluble chemical compound
Chemical compound

A chemical compound is a Chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical element Chemical bond together in a fixed mass ratio that can be split into simpler substances....
 with chemical formula
Chemical formula

A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes in chemical reactions....
 3. It crystallizes as the monohydrate, NaBO3.H2O, tetrahydrate, NaBO3.4H2O and trihydrate, NaBO3.3H2 O. The monohydrate and tetrahydrate are the commercially important forms.

Preparation and chemistry

Sodium perborate is manufactured by reaction of disodium tetraborate pentahydrate
Borax

Borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important boron compound, a mineral, and a salt of boric acid....
, hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is a very pale blue liquid which appears colorless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. It is a weak acid....
, and sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide , also known as lye, caustic soda and sodium hydrate, is a caustic metallic Base . Sodium hydroxide forms a strong alkaline solution when dissolved in a solvent such as water, however, only the hydroxide ion is basic....
.The monohydrate form dissolves better than the tetrahydrate and has higher heat stability; it is prepared by heating the tetrahydrate. Sodium perborate undergoes hydrolysis
Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction during which one or more water are split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions which may go on to participate in further reactions....
 in contact with water, producing hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is a very pale blue liquid which appears colorless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. It is a weak acid....
 and borate
Borate

Borates in chemistry are chemical compounds containing boron oxoanions, with boron in oxidation state +3. The simplest borate ion is the trigonal planar, BO33-, although many others are known....
.

Structure

Unlike sodium percarbonate
Sodium percarbonate

Sodium percarbonate is a white crystalline water-soluble chemical compound of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide.It is an oxidizing agent and ingredient in a number of home and laundry detergent products....
 and perphosphate, the sodium perborate are not simply addition compounds of hydrogen peroxide, but contain a cyclic anion with peroxo bridges and do not contain the BO3− ion. . This makes the material more stable, safer for handling and storage. The formulae of the mono and tetra hydrates can therefore be written as Na2B2O8H4 (anhydrous) and Na2B2O8H4.6H2O respectively.

Uses

It serves as a source of active oxygen in many detergent
Detergent

A detergent is a material intended to assist cleaning. The term is sometimes used to differentiate between soap and other surfactants used for cleaning....
s, laundry detergent
Laundry detergent

Laundry detergent, or washing powder, is a substance which is a type of detergent that is added when one is washing laundry to aid in getting the laundry cleaner....
s, cleaning products, and laundry bleach
Bleach

A bleach is a chemical that removes colors or whitens, often via oxidation. Common chemical bleaches include household "chlorine bleach", a solution of approximately 3?6% sodium hypochlorite , and "oxygen bleach", which contains hydrogen peroxide or a peroxide-releasing compound such as sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium persulfat...
es. It is also present in some tooth bleaching
Tooth bleaching

Dental bleaching, also known as tooth whitening, is a common procedure in dentistry but most especially in the field of cosmetic dentistry....
 formulas. It is used as a bleaching agent for internal bleaching of a tooth that has had root canal treatment. The sodium perborate is placed inside the tooth and left in place for an extended period of time to allow it to diffuse into the tooth and bleach stains from the inside out. It has antiseptic
Antiseptic

Antiseptics are antimicrobials that are applied to living biological tissue/skin to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction....
 properties and can act as a disinfectant. It is also used as a "disappearing" preservative
Preservative

A preservative is a natural or synthetic chemical compound that is added to products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, paints, biological samples, wood, etc....
 in some brands of eye drop
Eye drop

Eye drops are saline -containing drops used as a Vector to administer medication in the eye. Depending on the condition being treated, they may contain steroids , antihistamines, sympathomimetics, Beta blockers, parasympathomimetics , parasympatholytics , prostaglandins, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or topical anesthetics....
s.

Sodium perborate is a less aggressive bleach than sodium hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite

Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NaClO. Sodium hypochlorite solution, commonly known as bleach, is frequently used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent....
, causing less degradation to dye
Dye

A dye can generally be described as a colored substance that has an Chemical affinity to the Wiktionary:substrate to which it is being applied....
s and textile
Textile

A textile is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by Spinning raw wool fibres, linen, cotton, or other material on a spinning wheel to produce long strands known as yarn....
s. Borates also have some non-oxidative bleaching properties.

Sodium perborate releases oxygen rapidly at temperatures over 60°C. To make it active at lower temperatures (40-60 °C), it has to be mixed with a suitable activator, typically tetraacetylethylenediamine
Tetraacetylethylenediamine

Tetraacetylethylenediamine, commonly abbreviated TAED, is an organic compound with the chemical formula 2NCH2CH2N2....
 (TAED).

Hazards

It is a skin irritant.

See also

  • Amosan
    Amosan

    Amosan is an oral wound cleanser manufactured in Belgium and sold under the Oral-B brand, belonging to Procter & Gamble after its recent acquisition of Gillette ....
  • Sodium percarbonate
    Sodium percarbonate

    Sodium percarbonate is a white crystalline water-soluble chemical compound of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide.It is an oxidizing agent and ingredient in a number of home and laundry detergent products....
  • Sodium perphosphate
  • Persil
    Persil

    Persil is a brand of laundry detergent manufactured and marketed by both Henkel in some countries and by Unilever in the UK, France and the Republic of Ireland, since acquiring rights to the brand in 1931, in others....


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