Sobral de Monte Agraço is a municipality in
PortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east...
with a total area of 52.1 km² and a total population of 9,789 inhabitants.
The municipality is composed of 3 parishes, and is located in the District of Lisbon.
The present Mayor is António Lopes Bogalho, elected by the
Unitarian Democratic CoalitionThe Democratic Unity Coalition is an electoral and political coalition between the Portuguese Communist Party and the Ecologist Party "The Greens"...
.
During the
Peninsular WarThe Peninsular War was a contest between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars...
, Sobral was on the
Lines of Torres VedrasThe Lines of Torres Vedras were lines of forts built in secrecy to defend Lisbon during the Peninsular War. Named after the nearby town of Torres Vedras, they were ordered by Arthur Wellesley, Viscount Wellington, constructed by Portuguese workers between November 1809 and September 1810, and used...
, a line of forts planned by the Duke of Wellington to protect
LisbonLisbon is the capital and largest city of Portugal. It is also the seat of the district of Lisbon and the main city of the Lisbon region...
.
Discussion
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Sobral de Monte Agraço is a municipality in
PortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east...
with a total area of 52.1 km² and a total population of 9,789 inhabitants.
The municipality is composed of 3 parishes, and is located in the District of Lisbon.
The present Mayor is António Lopes Bogalho, elected by the
Unitarian Democratic CoalitionThe Democratic Unity Coalition is an electoral and political coalition between the Portuguese Communist Party and the Ecologist Party "The Greens"...
.
History
During the
Peninsular WarThe Peninsular War was a contest between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars...
, Sobral was on the
Lines of Torres VedrasThe Lines of Torres Vedras were lines of forts built in secrecy to defend Lisbon during the Peninsular War. Named after the nearby town of Torres Vedras, they were ordered by Arthur Wellesley, Viscount Wellington, constructed by Portuguese workers between November 1809 and September 1810, and used...
, a line of forts planned by the Duke of Wellington to protect
LisbonLisbon is the capital and largest city of Portugal. It is also the seat of the district of Lisbon and the main city of the Lisbon region...
. In October 1810, a French army led by
André MassénaJean-André Masséna 1st Duc de Rivoli, 1st Prince d'Essling was a French military commander during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars...
approached the Lines, finding that the Portuguese had subjected the area in front of them to a
scorched earthA scorched earth policy is a military strategy or operational method which involves destroying anything that might be useful to the enemy while advancing through or withdrawing from an area...
policy. After a skirmish at Sobral on October 14, the French found they could go no further.
Charles OmanSir Charles William Chadwick Oman was a British military historian of the early 20th century. His reconstructions of medieval battles from the fragmentary and distorted accounts left by chroniclers were pioneering...
writes "On that misty October 14th morning, at Sobral, the Napoleonic tide attained its highest watermark."
Monuments
- St. Salvador Chapel - 13th century Romanesque
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of Medieval Europe, characterised by semi-circular arches, and evolving into the Gothic style, characterised by pointed arches, beginning in the 12th century...
style
- Sobral Main Church - 16th century Renaissance
Renaissance architecture is the architecture of the period between the early 15th and early 17th centuries in different regions of Europe, in which there was a conscious revival and development of certain elements of ancient Greek and Roman thought and material culture.The Renaissance style places...
style
- São Quintino Church - 16th-17th century Manueline
The Manueline, or Portuguese late Gothic is the sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century, incorporating maritime elements and representations of the discoveries brought from the voyages of Vasco da Gama and Pedro Álvares...
and Renaissance styles
- Our Lady of Purification Church - 16th century Renaissance style
- Town Hall and ancient jail - 18th century
- Lines of Torres Alqueidão Fort - 19th century
- Cine-Theater - 20th century Art Deco
Art Deco was a popular international art design movement from 1925 until the 1940s, affecting the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, and industrial design, as well as the visual arts such as fashion, painting, the graphic arts, and film...
style
Parishes
- São Quintino
- Sapataria
- Sobral de Monte Agraço
External links