Slavoljub Eduard Penkala

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Slavoljub Eduard Penkala

Slavoljub Eduard Penkala (April 20, 1871 – February 5, 1922) was an engineer

Engineer

An engineer is a person professionally engaged in a field of engineering. Engineers are concerned with developing economical and safe solutions to practical problems, by applying mathematics and scientific knowledge while considering technical constraints....
and inventor

Inventor

An inventor is a person who creates or discovers a new method, form, device or other useful means. The word inventor comes form the latin verb invenire, invent-, to find....
from Croatia

Croatia

Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a Central European country at the crossroads of Pannonian Plain, Balkans, and the Mediterranean Sea....
.

Eduard Penkala was born in Liptovský Mikuláš

Liptovský Mikuláš

Liptovsk? Mikul? is a town in northern Slovakia, on the V?h River. It lies in the Liptov region, in Podtatransk? kotlina near the Low Tatra and Tatra mountains....
(in what is now Slovakia

Slovakia

Slovakia . It was amended in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president and again in February 2001 due to EU admission requirements....
), to Franjo Penkala, who was from Polish

Poles

The Polish people, or Poles , are a West Slavs ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. Poles are sometimes defined as people who share a common Polish culture and are of Polish descent....
heritage, and Maria Penkala (née Hannel), who was from Dutch

Dutch people

The Dutch are the people native to the Netherlands, a country in north-western Europe.Dutch people, or descendants of Dutch people, are also found in migrant communities world wide,See the Dutch #Dutch diaspora. and form a mentionable part of the population of Canada,Australia, South Africa and the United States....
heritage.

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Slavoljub Eduard Penkala (April 20, 1871 – February 5, 1922) was an engineer

Engineer

Inventor

An inventor is a person who creates or discovers a new method, form, device or other useful means. The word inventor comes form the latin verb invenire, invent-, to find....
from Croatia

Croatia

Liptovský Mikuláš

Liptovsk? Mikul? is a town in northern Slovakia, on the V?h River. It lies in the Liptov region, in Podtatransk? kotlina near the Low Tatra and Tatra mountains....
(in what is now Slovakia

Slovakia

Slovakia . It was amended in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president and again in February 2001 due to EU admission requirements....
), to Franjo Penkala, who was from Polish

Poles

Dutch people

University of Vienna

The University of Vienna is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. Having opened in 1365, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe....
and Technische Universität Dresden, graduating from the latter in 1898 and going on to earn a doctorate

Doctorate

A doctorate is an academic degree that in most countries represents the highest level of formal study or research in a given field. In some countries it also refers to a class of degrees which qualify the holder to practice in a specific profession ....
in organic chemistry

Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is a discipline within chemistry which involves the science study of the structure, properties, composition, chemical reaction, and preparation of chemical compounds that contain carbon....
. He then immigrated with his wife and family to Zagreb

Zagreb

Zagreb is the Capital and the largest city of Croatia. Zagreb is the Culture of Croatia, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Cinema of Croatia, Economy of Croatia and Government of Croatia center of the Croatia....
and subsequently added "Slavoljub" to his name, also becoming a naturalized Croat.

He became renowned for further development of the mechanical pencil

Mechanical pencil

A mechanical pencil, propelling pencil or technical pencil is a pencil containing an internal mechanism which pushes or propels the thin graphite lead through the tip....
(1906) – then called an "automatic pencil" – and the first solid-ink fountain pen

Fountain pen

A fountain pen is a pen that contains a reservoir of water-based liquid Fountain pen inks. If it uses ink cartridges instead of having a built-in ink reservoir, it is often called cartridge pen....
(1907). Collaborating with an entrepreneur by the name of Edmund Moster, he started the Penkala-Moster Company and built a pen-and-pencil factory that was one of the biggest in the world at the time. This company, now called TOZ-Penkala

Croatian brands

The following products could be described as hallmarks of Croatian trade. Every year, the Croatian quality seal is awarded to the best Croatian products....
, still exists today. TOZ stands for "Tvornica olovaka Zagreb," which means "Zagreb pencil factory."

He also constructed the first Croatian two-seat aeroplane

Fixed-wing aircraft

A fixed-wing aircraft is an aircraft capable of heavier-than-air flight whose Lift is generated not by wing motion relative to the aircraft, but by forward motion through the air....
in 1909, which Dragutin Novak

Dragutin Novak

Dragutin Karlo Novak , was first person in Croatia to make a heavier-than-air flight. He flew a plane constructed by Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, June 22 1910....
, the first Croatian pilot, used for his first flight. He constructed and invented many other products and devices, and held a total of 80 patents.

Among his patented inventions were:

a hot water bottle
Hot water bottle

A hot water bottle is a container filled with hot water and sealed with a stopper, used to provide warmth, typically whilst in bed, but also for the application of heat to a specific part of the body....
– his first patented invention, the "Termofor"
a type of bluing detergent
Detergent

A detergent is a material intended to assist cleaning. The term is sometimes used to differentiate between soap and other surfactants used for cleaning....
a rail-car brake
Brake

A brake is a device for applying a force against the friction of the road, slowing or stopping the motion of a machine or vehicle, or alternatively a device to restrain it from starting to move again....
an anode
Anode

An anode is an electrode through which electric charge flows into a polarized electrical device. Mnemonic: ACID . Electrons flow in the opposite direction to the positive electric current....
battery
Battery (electricity)

In electronics, a battery or voltaic cell is a combination of one or more electrochemical cell Galvanic cells which store chemical energy that can be converted into electric potential energy, creating electricity....

He also founded another company called the Elevator Chemical Manufacturing Company, which produced various chemicals such as detergents, sealing wax, and "Radium Vinovica", a patent-medicine

Patent medicine

Patent medicine is the somewhat misleading term given to various medical compounds sold under a variety of names and labels, though they were, for the most part, actually medicines with trademarks, not patented medicines....
-like product that was billed as curing rheumatism

Rheumatism

Rheumatism or Rheumatic disorder is a non-specific term for medical problems affecting the heart, bones, joints, kidney, skin and lung. The study of, and therapeutic interventions in, such disorders is called rheumatology....
.

Penkala died in Zagreb at the age of 51, after catching pneumonia

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an Inflammation illness of the lung. Frequently, it is described as lung parenchyma/alveolus inflammation and abnormal alveolar filling with fluid ....
on a business trip.

Slavoljub Eduard Penkala

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