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Sixth Battle of the Isonzo
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The Sixth Battle of the Isonzo also known as the Battle of Gorizia was the most successful Italian offensive along the Isonzo River during World War I.
lass="link1" onMouseover='showByLink("m5511826",this)' onMouseout='hide("m5511826")'href="http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Franz_Graf_Conrad_von_H%C3%B6tzendorf">Franz Graf Conrad von Hötzendorf had reduced the Austro-Hungarian forces along the Isonzo front to reinforce his Trentino Offensive. Italian Chief-of-Staff Luigi Cadorna made good use of railroads to quickly shift troops from Trentino back to the Isonzo line for an offensive against the weakened Austro-Hungarian defenses.
ugust 6 the offensive was launched against Gorizia.
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The Sixth Battle of the Isonzo also known as the Battle of Gorizia was the most successful Italian offensive along the Isonzo River during World War I.
Background
Franz Graf Conrad von Hötzendorf had reduced the Austro-Hungarian forces along the Isonzo front to reinforce his Trentino Offensive. Italian Chief-of-Staff Luigi Cadorna made good use of railroads to quickly shift troops from Trentino back to the Isonzo line for an offensive against the weakened Austro-Hungarian defenses.
Battle
On August 6 the offensive was launched against Gorizia. The offensive was concentrated in two zones: the hilly area west of the Isonzo river near Gorizia the westernmost edge of the Kras plateau near Doberdò del Lago. In the Battle of Doberdò, the Italians managed to conquer the main transport road leading from the coast town of Duino to Gorizia, thus securing their advance to Gorizia from the south. The Austro-Hungarian forces had to retrat on the line east of Gorizia (Mount Škabrijel), leaving the heavily damaged town to the Italians.
On August 8, Gorizia fell to Cadorna and a bridgehead was finally established across the Isonzo River. The Austro-Hungarians shifted troops to the Gorizia sector to prevent a breakthrough. Content with having established the bridgehead, Cadorna ended the offensive on August 17.
The attack on Gorizia was the most successful Italian offensive along the Isonzo lines and greatly boosted Italian morale. In the wake of the battle Italy finally declared war against Germany, on August 28.
In later years, historians maintained that that battle (with 21,000 dead on the Italian side) was a useless and limited conquest, perhaps Cadorna's only victory. In reality, the Austrians, who were short on troops (having to fight on two fronts), retreated to Slovene territory where Cadorna sacrificed thousands of soldiers in futile attempts to advance toward Ljubljana and Triest. The Austrians, who were better equipped, preferred to preserve their forces. The Italian generals, in an attempt to make up for their poor equipment, committed the Italians to frontal assaults, resulting in massive casualties.
If one compares the number of dead Italians and the number of dead Austrians, the one sided-ness of the proportion highlights the high cost to this limited victory. In addition, like all other battles on the Isonzo, there were many missing soldiers, victims of the superior Austrian artillery.
See also
- First Battle of the Isonzo - 23 June–7 July, 1915
- Second Battle of the Isonzo - 18 July–3 August, 1915
- Third Battle of the Isonzo - 18 October–3 November, 1915
- Fourth Battle of the Isonzo - 10 November–2 December, 1915
- Fifth Battle of the Isonzo - 9–17 March, 1916
- Seventh Battle of the Isonzo - 14–17 September, 1916
- Eighth Battle of the Isonzo - 10–12 October, 1916
- Ninth Battle of the Isonzo - 1–4 November, 1916
- Tenth Battle of the Isonzo - 12 May–8 June, 1917
- Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo - 19 August–12 September, 1917
- Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo - 24 October–7 November, 1917 also known as the Battle of Caporetto
External links
- . The Foundation preserves, restores and presents the historical and cultural heritage of the First World War in the area of the Isonzo Front for the study, tourist and educational purposes.
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