Sinop, Turkey

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Sinop, Turkey

Sinop (Sinópe) is a city with a population of 47,000 on Ince Burun (Inceburun, Cape Ince), by its Cape Sinop (Sinop Burnu, Boztepe Cape, Boztepe Burnu) which is situated on the most northern edge of the Turkish side of Black Sea

Black Sea

The Black Sea is an inland sea sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolia and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean Sea and Aegean Seas and various straits....
coast, in the ancient region of Paphlagonia

Paphlagonia

Paphlagonia was an ancient area on the Black Sea coast of north central Anatolia, situated between Bithynia to the west and Pontus to the east, and separated from Phrygia by a prolongation to the east of the Bithynian Olympus....
, in modern-day northern Turkey

Turkey

Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in southwest Asia and Thrace in the Balkans region of Southern Europe....
, historically known as Sinope. It is the capital of Sinop Province

Sinop Province

Sinop is a Provinces of Turkey of Turkey, along the Black Sea. It is located between 41st parallel north and 42nd parallel north latitude and between 34th meridian east and 35th meridian east longitude....
.

used as a Hittite

Hittites

The Hittites were an ancient Anatolian people who spoke a Hittite language of the Anatolian languages of the Indo-European languages family, and established a kingdom centered at Hattusa in north-central Anatolia ca....
port which appears in Hittite sources as "Sinuwa" (J.

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Encyclopedia

Black Sea

Paphlagonia

Turkey

Sinop Province

History

Long used as a Hittite

Hittites

Miletus

Miletus was an ancient city on the western coast of Anatolia , near the mouth of the Maeander River in ancient Caria. Evidence of first settlement at the site has been made inaccessible by the rise of sea level and deposition of sediments from the Maeander....
in the 7th century BC (Xenophon

Xenophon

Xenophon , son of Gryllus, of the deme Erchia of Athens, also known as Xenophon of Athens and Xenophon of Thebes, was a soldier, mercenary and a contemporary and admirer of Socrates....
, Anabasis 6.1.15; Diodorus Siculus

Diodorus Siculus

Diodorus Siculus , was a Roman Greece historian who flourished in the 1st century BC. According to Diodorus' own work, he was born at Agira in Sicily ....
14.31.2; Strabo

Strabo

Strabo was a Ancient Greeks history, geography and philosophy....
12.545). Sinope flourished as the Black Sea port of a caravan route that led from the upper Euphrates valley (Herodotus

Herodotus

Herodotus of Halicarnassus was a Greeks historian who lived in the 5th century BC and is regarded as the "Father of History" in Western culture....
1.72; 2.34), issued its own coinage, founded colonies, and gave its name to a red arsenic sulfate

Arsenic

Arsenic is a well-known chemical element that has the symbol As and atomic number 33. Arsenic was first documented by Albertus Magnus in 1250....
mined in Cappadocia, called "Sinopic red earth" (Miltos Sinôpikê) or sinople

Sinople

Sinople?a word which comes from the Black Sea city of Sinop, Turkey in modern-day Turkey, where the clay had a red-ochre color?can refer to several things:...
. It escaped Persian domination until the early 4th century BC, and in 183 BC it was captured by Pharnaces I and became capital of the kingdom of Pontus

Pontus

Pontus or Pontos is a region on the southern coast of the Black Sea, located in modern-day northeastern Turkey. The name was applied to the coastal region in Antiquity by the Greeks who colonized the area, and derived from the Greek name of the Black Sea: Pontos Euxeinos , or simply Pontos....
. Lucullus

Lucullus

Lucius Licinius Lucullus , is one of the canonical great men of Roman history, always included in the biographical collections of leading generals and politicians, two of which survive today despite the slender surviving literature from the antiquity....
conquered Sinope for Rome in 70 BC, and Julius Caesar established a Roman colony there, Colonia Julia Felix, in 47 BC. Mithradates Eupator was born and buried at Sinope, and it was the birthplace of Diogenes

Diogenes of Sinope

Diogenes "the Cynic", Ancient Greece philosopher, was born in Sinope about 412 BC , and died in 323 BC, at Corinth. Details of his life come in the form of anecdotes , especially from Diogenes La?rtius, in his book Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers....
, of Diphilus

Diphilus

Diphilus, of Sinop, Turkey, was a poet of the new Attic Ancient Greek comedy and contemporary of Menander . Most of his plays were written and acted at Athens, but he led a wandering life, and died at Izmir....
, poet and actor of the New Attic comedy

Ancient Greek comedy

Comedy was one of two principal dramatic forms in ancient Greece, the other being tragedy. Athenian comedy is conventionally divided into three periods, Old Comedy, Middle Comedy, and New Comedy....
, of the historian Baton, and of the Christian heretic of the 2nd century AD, Marcion

Marcion of Sinope

Marcion was an Early Christian theologian who was excommunication by the Christian church at Rome as a Heresy. His teachings were influential during the 2nd century and a few centuries after, rivaling that of the Catholic Church....
.

It remained with the Empire of the East or the Byzantines. It was a part of the Empire of Trebizond

Empire of Trebizond

The Empire of Trebizond , founded in April 1204, was one of three Byzantine Empire successor states of the Byzantine Empire. However, the creation of the Empire of Trebizond was not directly related to the capture of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade, rather it had broken away from the Byzantine Empire a few weeks prior to that event....
from the sacking of Constantinople

Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
by the Fourth Crusade

Fourth Crusade

The Fourth Crusade was originally designed to conquer Islam Jerusalem by means of an invasion through Egypt. Instead, in April 1204, the Crusaders of Western Europe invaded and conquered the Christianity city of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire....
in 1204 until the capture of the city by the Seljuk Turks of Rûm

Sultanate of Rûm

The Sultanate of R?m was the Seljuq dynasty Turkish people sultanate that ruled in Anatolia in direct lineage from 1077 to 1307, with capitals first at Iznik and then at Konya....
in 1214.

After 1261, Sinop became home to two successive independent emirate

Emirate

An emirate is a political territory that is ruled by a dynastic Arab Monarch styled emir....
s following the fall of the Seljuks: the Pervâne

Pervâne

The Perv?ne Mu?in al-Din Suleyman was for a time a key player in Anatolian politics involving the Seljuk Sultanate of R?m, the Ilkhanate and the Mamluks under Baybars....
and the Candaroglu

Candaroglu

Candaroglu Beylik is an Anatolian Turkish Beylik that ruled principally in the regions corresponding to present-day Kastamonu Province and Sinop Province provinces of Turkey, also covering parts of Zonguldak, Bartin, Karab?k, Samsun, Bolu, Ankara and ?ankiri Province provinces, between 1292 - 1461, in the Black Sea region of modern day Turke...
. It was captured by the Ottomans

Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
in 1458.

In November 1853, at the start of the Crimean War

Crimean War

The Crimean War, also known in Russia as the Oriental War was fought between the Russian Empire on one side and an alliance of France, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Kingdom of Sardinia, and the Ottoman Empire on the other....
, in the Battle of Sinop

Battle of Sinop

The naval Battle of Sinop took place on 30 November 1853 at Sinop, a sea port in northern Turkey, when Imperial Russian battleships struck and annihilated a patrol force of Ottoman Empire frigates anchored in the harbor....
, the Russians, under the command of Admiral Nakhimov

Pavel Nakhimov

Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov Born in the Gorodok village of Vyazma district of Smolensk region, Nakhimov entered the Naval Academy for the Nobility in Saint Petersburg in 1815....
, destroyed an Ottoman frigate squadron in Sinop, leading Britain and France to declare war on Russia.

Historic sites

Sinop Fortress
Sinop Fortress Prison
Sinop Fortress Prison

Sinop Fortress Prison, was a state prison situated in the inside of the Sinop Fortress in Sinop, Turkey. As one of the oldest prisons of Turkey, it was established in 1887 within the inner fortress of the centuries-old fortification located on the northwestern part of Cape Sinop....

Miscellaneous

Sinope is the outermost satellite of Jupiter.

Sinop has given its name to a crater on Mars

List of craters on Mars

There are hundreds of thousands of Impact crater on Mars , but only some of them have names. Here is a list of named Martian craters. Martian craters are named after famous scientists and science fiction authors, or if less than 60 km in diameter, after towns on Earth ....
.

Sinop, Turkey

History

Historic sites

Miscellaneous

See also

External links