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The Sierra Morena is a mountain range
Mountain range

A mountain range is a chain of mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by mountain pass or valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geology, though they often do; they may be a mix of different orogeny, for example volcanoes, uplifted mountains or Fold mountains...
 which stretches for 400 km East-West across southern Spain
Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
, forming the border of the central plateau (Meseta Central) of Iberia
Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes modern-day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar and a very small area of France....
, and providing the watershed
Water divide

A drainage divide, water divide, divide or watershed is the line separating neighbouring drainage basins . In hilly country, the divide lies along topography pyramidal peak and ridges, but in flat country the divide may be invisible – just a more or less notional line on the ground on either side of which falling...
 between the valleys of the Guadiana
Guadiana

Guadiana is one of the major rivers of Spain and Portugal. It forms part of the border between the two countries, separating Extremadura and Andalucia from Alentejo and Algarve ....
 to the north and the Guadalquivir
Guadalquivir

The Guadalquivir is the fifth longest river in Spain , and the longest in Andalusia. The Guadalquivir is 657 kilometers long and drains an area of about 58,000 square kilometers....
 to the south.

The name is also applied to the highest point on Kings Mountain
Kings Mountain, California

Kings Mountain, an unincorporated community in San Mateo County, California, is located along California State Route 35 between Skeggs Point, California and Pise Mountain....
 in San Mateo County, California
San Mateo County, California

San Mateo County is a county located in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California. It covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula just south of San Francisco, California, and north of Santa Clara County, California....
 in the U.S., as identified by the U.S. Geological Survey.

The Sierra Morena is the result of uplift produced by the pressure of the northward-moving African Plate
African Plate

The African Plate is a tectonic plate which includes the continent of Africa, as well as oceanic crust which lies between the continent and various surrounding ocean ridges....
. It has valuable deposits of lead
Lead

Lead is a main-group Chemical element with symbol Pb and atomic number 82. Lead is a soft, malleable poor metal, also considered to be one of the heavy metal ....
, silver
Silver

Silver is a chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal....
, mercury
Mercury (element)

Mercury , also called quicksilver or hydrargyrum , is a chemical element with the symbol Hg and atomic number 80. A heavy, silvery d-block metal, mercury is one of six elements that are liquid at or near room temperature and pressure....
, and other metals, some of which have been exploited since prehistoric times.

Situated within the province of Jaén
Jaén (province)

Ja?n is a provinces of Spain of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the Autonomous communities of Spain of Andalusia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ciudad Real , Albacete , Granada and C?rdoba Province, Spain....
, the abrupt pass created by the River Despeñaperros, with sheer walls over 500 metres high, is the natural path for crossing the Sierra Morena into Andalusia
Andalusia

Andalusia is a country in the Spanish State. It is the most populous and the second largest, in terms of land area, of the seventeen autonomous communities of the Spain....
 from the north of the peninsula.

Much of its natural beauty is now protected in natural parks, such as Despeñaperros, Sierra de Andújar (Jaén), Sierra de Cardeña-Montoro, Sierra de Hornachuelos, Sierra Madrona
Sierra Madrona

[Image:SierraMadronaRehoyos3.jpg|thumb|300px|Sierra Madrona panorama taken from Los Rehoyos Sierra Madrona is a mountain range located in Sierra Morena, inside of Ciudad Real province in the region of Castile-La Mancha, and near by C?rdoba and Jaen provincial limits, in Spain....
, Sierra Norte de Sevilla and Sierra de Aracena Huelva.

It has been referenced in the novel Don Quixote
Don Quixote

, fully titled is an early novel written by Spain author Miguel de Cervantes. Cervantes created a fictional origin for the story based upon a manuscript by the invented Moors historian, Cide Hamete Benengeli....
, wherein Sancho Panza
Sancho Panza

Sancho Panza is a fictional character in the novel Don Quixote written by Spain author Miguel de Cervantes in 1602. Sancho acts as squire to Don Quixote, and provides comments throughout the novel, known as sanchismos, that are a combination of broad humor, ironic Spanish proverbs, and earthy wit....
 suggests it to be a refuge from the Holy Brotherhood after Don Quixote
Don Quixote

, fully titled is an early novel written by Spain author Miguel de Cervantes. Cervantes created a fictional origin for the story based upon a manuscript by the invented Moors historian, Cide Hamete Benengeli....
 frees a group of galley slaves.






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Encyclopedia


The Sierra Morena is a mountain range
Mountain range

A mountain range is a chain of mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by mountain pass or valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geology, though they often do; they may be a mix of different orogeny, for example volcanoes, uplifted mountains or Fold mountains...
 which stretches for 400 km East-West across southern Spain
Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
, forming the border of the central plateau (Meseta Central) of Iberia
Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes modern-day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar and a very small area of France....
, and providing the watershed
Water divide

A drainage divide, water divide, divide or watershed is the line separating neighbouring drainage basins . In hilly country, the divide lies along topography pyramidal peak and ridges, but in flat country the divide may be invisible – just a more or less notional line on the ground on either side of which falling...
 between the valleys of the Guadiana
Guadiana

Guadiana is one of the major rivers of Spain and Portugal. It forms part of the border between the two countries, separating Extremadura and Andalucia from Alentejo and Algarve ....
 to the north and the Guadalquivir
Guadalquivir

The Guadalquivir is the fifth longest river in Spain , and the longest in Andalusia. The Guadalquivir is 657 kilometers long and drains an area of about 58,000 square kilometers....
 to the south.

The name is also applied to the highest point on Kings Mountain
Kings Mountain, California

Kings Mountain, an unincorporated community in San Mateo County, California, is located along California State Route 35 between Skeggs Point, California and Pise Mountain....
 in San Mateo County, California
San Mateo County, California

San Mateo County is a county located in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California. It covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula just south of San Francisco, California, and north of Santa Clara County, California....
 in the U.S., as identified by the U.S. Geological Survey.

The Sierra Morena is the result of uplift produced by the pressure of the northward-moving African Plate
African Plate

The African Plate is a tectonic plate which includes the continent of Africa, as well as oceanic crust which lies between the continent and various surrounding ocean ridges....
. It has valuable deposits of lead
Lead

Lead is a main-group Chemical element with symbol Pb and atomic number 82. Lead is a soft, malleable poor metal, also considered to be one of the heavy metal ....
, silver
Silver

Silver is a chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal....
, mercury
Mercury (element)

Mercury , also called quicksilver or hydrargyrum , is a chemical element with the symbol Hg and atomic number 80. A heavy, silvery d-block metal, mercury is one of six elements that are liquid at or near room temperature and pressure....
, and other metals, some of which have been exploited since prehistoric times.

Situated within the province of Jaén
Jaén (province)

Ja?n is a provinces of Spain of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the Autonomous communities of Spain of Andalusia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ciudad Real , Albacete , Granada and C?rdoba Province, Spain....
, the abrupt pass created by the River Despeñaperros, with sheer walls over 500 metres high, is the natural path for crossing the Sierra Morena into Andalusia
Andalusia

Andalusia is a country in the Spanish State. It is the most populous and the second largest, in terms of land area, of the seventeen autonomous communities of the Spain....
 from the north of the peninsula.

Much of its natural beauty is now protected in natural parks, such as Despeñaperros, Sierra de Andújar (Jaén), Sierra de Cardeña-Montoro, Sierra de Hornachuelos, Sierra Madrona
Sierra Madrona

[Image:SierraMadronaRehoyos3.jpg|thumb|300px|Sierra Madrona panorama taken from Los Rehoyos Sierra Madrona is a mountain range located in Sierra Morena, inside of Ciudad Real province in the region of Castile-La Mancha, and near by C?rdoba and Jaen provincial limits, in Spain....
, Sierra Norte de Sevilla and Sierra de Aracena Huelva.

It has been referenced in the novel Don Quixote
Don Quixote

, fully titled is an early novel written by Spain author Miguel de Cervantes. Cervantes created a fictional origin for the story based upon a manuscript by the invented Moors historian, Cide Hamete Benengeli....
, wherein Sancho Panza
Sancho Panza

Sancho Panza is a fictional character in the novel Don Quixote written by Spain author Miguel de Cervantes in 1602. Sancho acts as squire to Don Quixote, and provides comments throughout the novel, known as sanchismos, that are a combination of broad humor, ironic Spanish proverbs, and earthy wit....
 suggests it to be a refuge from the Holy Brotherhood after Don Quixote
Don Quixote

, fully titled is an early novel written by Spain author Miguel de Cervantes. Cervantes created a fictional origin for the story based upon a manuscript by the invented Moors historian, Cide Hamete Benengeli....
 frees a group of galley slaves. Nikolay Karamzin's 1793 prose "Sierra-Morena", where the Russian writer tells of a love story between the author and young Elvira, is also dedicated to the mountain range. The Sierra Morena was also the setting for the majority of Jan Potocki
Jan Potocki

Count Jan Nepomucen Potocki was a Poland nobleman, Polish Army captain of engineers, ethnology, Egyptology, linguistics, traveler, adventurer and author whose life and exploits made him a legendary figure in his homeland....
's "The Manuscript Found at Saragossa".

The famous song "Cielito Lindo
Cielito Lindo

"Cielito Lindo" is a popular traditional song of Mexico, written in 1882 by Quirino Mendoza y Cort?s . The melody was used as the basis for a popular song, "You, Me, and Us," which became a hit for Alma Cogan in the United Kingdom in 1957 in music....
" mentions the Sierra Morena.