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Sibyl

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	Topics Sibyl Topic Home The word sibyl comes (via LatinLatin Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome.... ) from the GreekAncient Greek Ancient Greek refers to the dialects of the Hellenic language family from about 1100 B.C to 600 A.D., including during the h... word sibylla, meaning prophetProphet In religion, a prophet is a person who has directly encountered God, of whose intentions he can then speak.... ess. The earlier oracular seeresses known as the sibyls of antiquity, "who admittedly are known only through legend" (Burkert 1985 p 117) prophesied at certain holy sites, probably all of pre-Indo-EuropeanPre-Indo-European Old Europe is a term coined by Marija Gimbutas to describe what she perceives as a relatively homogeneous and widespread ... origin, under the divine influence of a , originally one of the chthonicChthonic Chthonic designates, or pertains to, gods or spirits of the underworld, especially in relation to Greek religion.... earth-goddesses. Later in antiquity, sibyls wandered from place to place. HomerHomer Homer was a legendary early Greek poet and rhapsode traditionally credited with the composition of the Iliad and the ... seems to have been unaware of a Sibyl. "Frenzied women from whose lips the god speaks are recorded very much earlier in the Near East, as in Mari in the second millennium and in Assyria in the first millennium" (Burkert 1985, p 116). The first Greek writer, so far as we know, who mentions a sibyl is HeraclitusHeraclitus Summary Heraclitus of Ephesus , known as "The Obscure" , was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Ephesus in Asia Minor.... , in the fifth century BC: 'The Sibyl, with frenzied mouth uttering things not to be laughed at, unadorned and unperfumed, yet reaches to a thousand years with her voice by aid of the god.' (Heraclitus, fragment 12) Until the literary elaborations of Roman writers, sibyls are not identified by a personal name, but by names that refer to the location of their temenosTemenos Temenos is the Greek term in archaeology given to a piece of land which forms the enclosure of a temple, or sanctuary.... , or shrine. In PausaniasPausanias (geographer) Pausanias was a Greek traveller and geographer of the 2nd century A.D., who lived in the times of Hadrian, Antoninus Pius an... , Description of Greece, the first Sibyl at Delphi mentioned ("the former" [earlier]) was of great antiquity, and was thought to have been given the name "sibyl" by the Libyans. Sir James FrazerJames Frazer * The Golden Bough, 2nd edition* Psyche's Task... calls this text defective. The second Sibyl, referred to by Pausanias, and named "Herophile", seems to have been based ultimately in SamosSamos Island Samos Island is a Greek island in the Eastern Aegean sea, localizated between the island of Chios to the North and the archi... , but visited other shrines, DelphiDelphi Delphi is an archaeological site and a modern town in Greece.... , etc. and sang there, but that at the same time, Delphi had its own sibyl. Sir James FrazerJames Frazer * The Golden Bough, 2nd edition* Psyche's Task... writes, in his translation and commentary on Pausanias, quoting Prof. E. Maass and his work in 1879, that only two of the Greek Sibyls were historical: Herophile of ErythraeErythraean Sibyl The Erythraean Sibyl, by the name of Sabbe, was the prophetess of classical antiquity presiding over the Apollonian oracle a... , who is thought to have lived in the eighth century BC, and Phyto of SamosSamian Sibyl The Samian Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle near Hera's temple on the Isle of Samos, a Greek col... who lived somewhat later. He goes on to write that the Greeks at first seemed to have known only one Sibyl, and the first ancient writer to distinguish several Sibyls was Heraclides PonticusHeraclides Ponticus Heraclides Ponticus, also known as Heraklides, was a Greek philosopher who lived and died at Heraclea, now Karadeniz E... , in the fourth century BC, in his book On Oracles, wherein he names at least three Sibyls, the PhrygianPhrygian Sibyl In the extended complement of sibyls of the Gothic and Renaissance imagination, the Phrygian Sibyl was the priestess presidi... , the ErythraeanErythraean Sibyl Overview The Erythraean Sibyl, by the name of Sabbe, was the prophetess of classical antiquity presiding over the Apollonian oracle a... , and the HellespontineHellespontine Sibyl The Hellespontine Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Dardania.... . The scholar David S. Potter writes, "In the late fifth century BC it does appear that 'Sibylla' was the name given to a single inspired prophetess". The number of Sibyls Like Heraclitus, PlatoPlato Summary Plato , whose real name is believed to have been Aristocles, was an immensely influential ancient Greek philosopher, ... speaks of only one Sibyl, but in course of time the number increased to nine, with a tenth, the Tiburtine SibylTiburtine Sibyl The Tiburtine Sibyl was a Roman sibyl, whose seat was the ancient Etruscan town of Tibur.... , probably EtruscanEtruscan mythology The Etruscans were a people of unknown origin living in Northern Italy, who were eventually integrated into Rome.... in origin, added by the Romans. According to LactantiusLactantius Lucius Caelius Firmianus Lactantius was an early Christian author .... ' Divine Institutions (i.6, 4th century AD, quoting from a lost work of VarroMarcus Terentius Varro Summary Marcus Terentius Varro, also known as Varro Reatinus to distinguish him from his contemporary Varro Atacinus, was a Ro... , 1st century BC) these ten sibyls were those who follow. Of them, the three most famous sibyls throughout their long career were the Delphic, the Erythraean and the Cumaean. Not all the Sibyls in the following list were securely identified with an oracular shrine, and in the vague and shifting Christian picture there is some overlap. The Persian Sibyl The Persian Sibyl was said to be prophetic priestess presiding over the ApolloApollo Summary In Greek and Roman mythology, Apollo , the ideal of the kouros, was the archer-god of medicine and healing and also a b... nian OracleOracle An oracle is a person or agency considered to be a source of wise counsel or prophetic opinion; an infallible authority, usu... ; though her location remained vague enough so that she might be called the "Babylonian Sibyl", the PersiaFacts About Persian Empire The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau and beyond.... n Sibyl is said to have foretold the exploits of Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great Alexander the Great , also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon , was one of the most successful military commander... . The Persian Sibyl, by name Sambethe, was reported to be of the family of NoahNoah Noah or Noach was the tenth and last of the antediluvian Patriarchs, best known for the Deluge which came in his time... . The Libyan Sibyl The so-called Libyan Sibyl was identified with prophetic priestess presiding over the ancient ZeusZeus In Greek mythology, Zeus is the highest ranking god among the Olympian gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus, and god of the sky... AmonAmun Amun was the name of a deity, in Egyptian mythology, who gradually rose to become one of the most important deities, before... (Zeus represented with the horns of Amon) oracleOracle An oracle is a person or agency considered to be a source of wise counsel or prophetic opinion; an infallible authority, usu... at the Siwa OasisSiwa Oasis The Siwa Oasis is an oasis in Egypt, located between the Qattara Depression and the Egyptian Sand Sea in the Libyan Desert, ... in the Western Desert of EgyptEgypt Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a Middle Eastern country in North Africa.... (incorrectly placed in the map). The oracle here was consulted by Alexander after his conquest of Egypt. The mother of the Libyan Sibyl was LamiaLamia (mythology) On the fringes of Greek mythology Lamia was one of the monstrous bogeys that terrified children and the naive, like her daug... , meaning "devourer". EuripidesEuripides Euripides was the last of the three great tragedians of classical Athens .... mentions the Libyan Sibyl in the prologue to his tragedy Lamia. The Hebrew Sibyl The Hebrew Sibyl was identified as the author of Sibylline oraclesSibylline oracles The Sibylline Oracles are a collection of twelve books, written in Greek hexameters, of various prophecies acribed to differ... . The Delphic Sibyl The Delphic Sibyl was a legendary figure who gave prophecies in the sacred precinct of ApolloApollo In Greek and Roman mythology, Apollo , the ideal of the kouros, was the archer-god of medicine and healing and also a b... at DelphiDelphi Delphi is an archaeological site and a modern town in Greece.... , located on the slopes of Mount ParnassusMount Parnassus Mount Parnassus is a mountain of barren limestone in central Greece that towers above Delphi, north of the Gulf of Corinth, ... . The Delphic Sibyl was not involved in the operation of the Delphic OracleDelphi Delphi is an archaeological site and a modern town in Greece.... and should be considered distinct from the PythiaPythia The Pythia was the priestess presiding over the Oracle of Apollo at Delphi, located on the slopes of Mount Parnassus.... , the priestess of Apollo. Pausanias claimed that the Sibyl was "born between man and goddess, daughter of sea monsters and an immortal nymphNymph In Greek mythology, a nymph is any member of a large class of female nature entities, either bound to a particular location ... ". Others said she was sister or daughter to ApolloApollo In Greek and Roman mythology, Apollo , the ideal of the kouros, was the archer-god of medicine and healing and also a b... . Still others claimed the Sibyl received her powers from Gaia originally, who passed the oracle to ThemisThemis In Greek mythology, Hesiod mentions Themis among the six sons and six daughters—of whom Cronos was one—of Gaia a... , who passed it to PhoebePhoebe (mythology) Phoebe was one of the original Titans, one set of sons and daughters of Uranus and Gaia in Greek mythology.... . The Delphic Sibyl has sometimes been confused with the PythiaPythia The Pythia was the priestess presiding over the Oracle of Apollo at Delphi, located on the slopes of Mount Parnassus.... , who gave prophecies at the Delphic Oracle. The two are not identical, and should be treated as separate figures. The Cimmerian Sibyl NaeviusGnaeus Naevius Summary Gnaeus Naevius, was a Roman epic poet and dramatist.... names the Cimmerian Sibyl in his books of the Punic War and PisoPiso The Piso family of ancient Rome was a prominent plebeian branch of the gens Calpurnia, with at least 50 prominent Roman fami... in his annals. The Sibyl's son EvanderEvander In Roman mythology, Evander was a deific culture hero who brought the Greek pantheon, laws and alphabet to Rome sixty years ... founded in RomeRome Rome is the capital of Italy and of its region, called Latium.... the shrine of PanPan (mythology) Pan is the Greek god who watches over shepherds and their flocks.... which is called the LupercalLupercal The Lupercal was a cave at the foot of the Palatine Hill in Rome.... . The Erythraean Sibyl Main article Erythraean SibylErythraean Sibyl The Erythraean Sibyl, by the name of Sabbe, was the prophetess of classical antiquity presiding over the Apollonian oracle a... . The Erythraean Sibyl, the most famous of the sibyls (Burkert), was sited at ErythraeErythrae Erythrae was one of the twelve Ionian cities of Asia Minor, situated 22 km north-east of Cesme, on a small peninsula stretch... , a town in IoniaIonia Ionia was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia on the Aegean Sea.... opposite ChiosChios Kirlian photography refers to a form of contact print photography, theoretically associated with high-voltage.... . Apollodorus of Erythrae affirms the Erythraean Sibyl to have been his own countrywoman and to have predicted the Trojan WarTrojan War The Trojan War was a war waged, according to legend, against the city of Troy in Asia Minor , by the armies of the Achaeans,... and prophesised to the Greeks who were moving against IliumTroy Troy is a legendary city and center of the Trojan War, as described in the Trojan War cycle, especially in the Iliad, o... both that Troy would be destroyed and that HomerHomer Homer was a legendary early Greek poet and rhapsode traditionally credited with the composition of the Iliad and the ... would write falsehoods. The word acrostic was first applied to the prophecies of the Erythraean Sibyl, which were written on leaves and arranged so that the initial letters of the leaves always formed a word. The Samian Sibyl Main article Samian SibylSamian Sibyl The Samian Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle near Hera's temple on the Isle of Samos, a Greek col... . The Samian sibyl's oracular site was at SamosSamos Island Samos Island is a Greek island in the Eastern Aegean sea, localizated between the island of Chios to the North and the archi... . The Hellespontine Sibyl The Hellespontine, or Trojan Sibyl presided over the ApolloApollo Summary In Greek and Roman mythology, Apollo , the ideal of the kouros, was the archer-god of medicine and healing and also a b... nian oracleOracle An oracle is a person or agency considered to be a source of wise counsel or prophetic opinion; an infallible authority, usu... at DardaniaDardania (Asia minor) Dardania in Greek mythology is the name of a city founded on Mount Ida by Dardanus from which also the region and the people... . The Hellespontian Sibyl was born in the village of Marpessus near the small town of Gergitha, during the lifetimes of SolonSolon Solon was a famous Athenian lawmaker and Lyric poet. ... and Cyrus the GreatCyrus the Great Summary Cyrus the Great, also known as Cyrus II of Persia and Cyrus the Elder, was the founder of the Persian Empire und... . Marpessus, according to Heraclides of Pontus, was formerly within the boundaries of the Troad. The sibylline collectionSibylline Books The Sibylline Books or Sibyllae were a collection of oracular utterances, set out in Greek hexameters, purchased from a ... at Gergis was attributed to the Hellespontine Sibyl and was preserved in the temple of Apollo at Gergis. Thence it passed to ErythraeErythrae Erythrae was one of the twelve Ionian cities of Asia Minor, situated 22 km north-east of Cesme, on a small peninsula stretch... , where it became famous. The Phrygian Sibyl The Phrygian Sibyl appears to be a doublet of the Hellespontine Sibyl. The Tiburtine Sibyl To the classical sibyls of the Greeks, the Romans added a tenth, the Tiburtine Sibyl, whose seat was the ancient EtruscanEtruscan civilization The Etruscan civilization is the name given today to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy whom ancient R... town of Tibur (modern TivoliTivoli, Italy Tivoli, the classical Tibur, is an ancient Italian town in Lazio, about 30 km from Rome, at the falls of the Aniene ri... ). The mythic meeting of Caesar Augustus with the Sibyl, of whom he inquired whether he should be worshiped as a god, was a favored of Christian artists. Whether the sibyl in question was the Etruscan SibylEtruscan Sibyl The Etruscan Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle.... of Tibur or the Greek SibylCumaean Sibyl The Cumaean Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Cumae, a Greek colony located near Naples, Italy... of CumaeCumae Cumae is an ancient Greek settlement lying to the northwest of Naples in the Italian region of Campania.... is not always clear. The Christian author LactantiusLactantius Lucius Caelius Firmianus Lactantius was an early Christian author .... had no hesitation in identifying the sibyl in question as the Tiburtine sibyl, nevertheless. He gave a circumstantial account of the pagan sibyls that is useful mostly as a guide to their identifications, as seen by 4th century Christians: (Divine Institutes I.vi) An apocalyptic pseudo-prophecy exists, attributed to the Tiburtine Sibyl, written c. 380 CE, but with revisions and interpolations added at later dates. It purports to prophesy the advent of a final Emperor named Constans, vanquishing the foes of Christianity, bringing about a period of great wealth and peace, ending paganism and converting the Jews. After vanquishing Gog and MagogGog and Magog The tradition of Gog and Magog begins in the Bible with the reference to Magog, son of Japheth, in the Book of Genesis... , the Emperor is said to resign his crown to God. This would give way to the AntichristAntichrist In Christian eschatology and Islam, the Antichrist, Anti-christ or Dajjal has come to mean a person, of a perso... . Ippolito d'Este rebuilt the Villa d'EsteVilla d'Este The Villa d'Este is a villa situated at Tivoli, near Rome.... at Tibur, the modern TivoliTivoli, Italy Tivoli, the classical Tibur, is an ancient Italian town in Lazio, about 30 km from Rome, at the falls of the Aniene ri... , from 1550 onward, and commissioned elaborate fresco murals in the Villa that celebrate the Tiburtine Sibyl, as prophesying the birth of Christ to the classical world. The later Sibyls The medieval, Christianized role for these augmented Sibyls was as precursors, prophets of the New Dispensation, Christian allies in a Hellenistic world: Dies iraeDies Irae *Dies Irae* is a famous thirteenth century Latin hymn thought to be written by Thomas of Celano.... , dies illa Solvet saeclum in favilla Teste David cum Sibylla. In the Middle Ages the number of Sibyls was canonized as twelve, a symbolic numberNumerology Numerology refers to any of several systems, traditions or beliefs in a mystical or esoteric relationship between numbers an... . See, for example, the Apennine Sibyl, though sometimes, e.g. for François RabelaisFrançois Rabelais Franois Rabelais was a major French Renaissance writer. ... , ten was still the proverbial number: “How know we but that she may be an eleventh Sibyl or a second Cassandra?” (Gargantua and PantagruelGargantua and Pantagruel *Gargantua and Pantagruel* is a connected series of five books written in the 16th century by Franois Rabelais.... , iii. 16, noted in Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, 1897. Late Sibyls, each with her emblemEmblem Overview An emblem consists of a pictorial * Symbol... and a single line of prophecy, lettered on a fluttering , were fixtures of Late Gothic illuminations, in 14th and 15th-century France and Germany. From the early Renaissance, the Sibyls were also represented in publicly available art. MichelangeloMichelangelo Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance sculptor, pai... fixed our image of the sibyls forever, in his powerful representations of them, seated, both aged and ageless, beyond mere femininity, in the frescos of the Sistine ChapelSistine Chapel The Sistine Chapel is a chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Roman Catholic Pope in the Vatican Cit... . Five sibyls were painted on the Sistine Chapel ceilingSistine Chapel ceiling Summary The Sistine Chapel ceiling in Vatican City was painted by Michelangelo during the Italian Renaissance between 1508 and 1512.... by MichelangeloMichelangelo Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance sculptor, pai... ; the Delphic Sibyl, Lybian Sibyl, Persian Sibyl, Cumaean Sibyl and the Erythraean Sibyl. The library of Pope Julius IIPope Julius II Summary Pope Julius II , born Giuliano della Rovere, was Pope from 1503 to 1513.... in the Vatican has images of sibyls and they are in the pavement of the SienaDuomo di Siena Duomo di Siena is the medieval cathedral of Siena, Italy.... Cathedral. The Basilica of Santa Maria in AracoeliSanta Maria in Aracoeli Santa Maria in Aracoeli is a titular basilica church in Rome, located on the highest summit of the Campidoglio.... crowning the Campidoglio, Rome, is particularly associated with the Sibyl, because a medieval tradition referred the origin of its name to an otherwise unattested altar, ARA PRIMOGENITI DEI said to have been raised to the "firstborn of God" by the emperor Augustus, who had been warned of his advent by the sibylline books: in the church the figures of Augustus and of the Tiburtine sibyl are painted on either side of the arch above the high altar. In the 19th century Rodolfo LancianiRodolfo Lanciani Rodolfo Amedeo Lanciani, Italian archaeologist, was a pioneering student of ancient Roman topography, and among his many exc... recalled, at Christmas time the presepio included a carved and painted figure of the sibyl pointing out to Augustus the Virgin and Child, who appeared in the sky in a halo of light. "The two figures, carved in wood, have now [1896] disappeared; they were given away or sold thirty years ago, when a new set of images was offered to the Presepio by prince Alexander Torlonia." (Lanciani, 1896 ch 1) Like prophets, Renaissance sibyls forecasting the advent of Christ appear in monuments: modelled by Giacomo della PortaGiacomo della Porta Giacomo della Porta was an Italian architect and sculptor, who worked for many important buildings in Rome, including St.... in the Santa Casa at LoretoLoreto (AN) Loreto is a hilltown and comune of the Italian province of Ancona, in the Marche. Its 2003 population was 11,400. ... , painted by Raphael in S. Maria della Pace, by Pinturicchio in the Borgia apartments of the Vatican, engraved by Baccio Baldini, a contemporary of Botticelli, and graffite" by Matteo di Giovanni in the pavement of the Duomo of Siena. The nineteenth-century French historian Jules MicheletJules Michelet Jules Michelet was a French historian.... attributed the origins of European witchcraftEuropean witchcraft European witchcraft is witchcraft and magic that is practiced primarily in the locality of Europe.... to the religion of the sibyls. In his introduction to La Sorcière (1862) (A.R. Allinson's English translation, entitled Satanism and WitchcraftSatanism and Witchcraft *Satanism and Witchcraft* is a book on the history of witchcraft published in 1862 by Jules Michelet.... : The Classic Study of Medieval Superstition [ISBN 0-8065-0059-X], was reprinted in 1992 by Citadel Press and remains in print), Michelet wrote: "Une religion forte et vivace, comme fut le paganisme grec, commence par la sibylle, finit par la sorcière. La première, belle vierge, en pleine lumière, le berça, lui donna le charme et l'auréole. Plus tard, déchu, malade, aux ténèbres du moyen âge, aux landes et aux forêts, il fut caché par la sorcière..." ('A powerful, tenacious religion, as Greek paganism was, begins with the sibyl, ends with the witch. The former, a beautiful virgin, in the full light of day, rocked its cradle, gave it its charm and glory. Later, fallen, ill, in the darkness of the Middle Ages, on heaths and in forests, it was hidden by the witch...' —Translated by Mark K. Jensen) Sibylline books Main articles: Sibylline BooksSibylline Books The Sibylline Books or Sibyllae were a collection of oracular utterances, set out in Greek hexameters, purchased from a ... and Sibylline OraclesSibylline oracles The Sibylline Oracles are a collection of twelve books, written in Greek hexameters, of various prophecies acribed to differ... . The sayings of sibyls and oracleOracle Overview An oracle is a person or agency considered to be a source of wise counsel or prophetic opinion; an infallible authority, usu... s were notoriously open to interpretation (compare NostradamusNostradamus Nostradamus , Latinized name of Michel de Nostredame, was one of the world's most famous publishers of prophecies.... ) and were constantly used for both civil and cult propaganda. The Sibylline Books are not the same as the Sibylline Oracles. The Roman Sibylline Books were quite different in character from the preserved Sibylline Oracles, which typically predict disasters rather than prescribe solutions. Some genuine Sibylline verses are preserved in the Book of Marvels of Phlegon of TrallesPhlegon of Tralles Phlegon, of Tralles in Asia Minor, Greek writer and freedman of the emperor Hadrian, flourished in the 2nd century.... (2nd century CE). The oldest collection of written Sibylline Books appears to have been made about the time of SolonSolon Solon was a famous Athenian lawmaker and Lyric poet. ... and Cyrus at Gergis on Mount IdaMount Ida Two sacred mountains are called Mount Ida in Greek mythology, equally named "Mount of the Goddess." Both sites associated... in the Troad. The sibyl, who was born near there, at Marpessus, and whose tomb was later marked by the temple of Apollo built upon the archaic site, appears on the coins of Gergis, ca 400–350 BCE. (cf. Phlegon, quoted in the 5th century geographical dictionary of Stephanus of ByzantiumStephanus of Byzantium Stephanus Byzantinus was the author of a geographical dictionary entitled ?????a, of which, apart from some fragments, w... , under 'Gergis'). Other places claimed to have been her home. The sibylline collection at Gergis was attributed to the Hellespontine SibylHellespontine Sibyl The Hellespontine Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Dardania.... and was preserved in the temple of Apollo at Gergis. Thence it passed to ErythraeErythrae Erythrae was one of the twelve Ionian cities of Asia Minor, situated 22 km north-east of Cesme, on a small peninsula stretch... , where it became famous. It was this very collection, it would appear, which found its way to CumaeCumae Cumae is an ancient Greek settlement lying to the northwest of Naples in the Italian region of Campania.... and from Cumae to Rome. Gergis, a city of DardaniaDardania (Asia minor) Dardania in Greek mythology is the name of a city founded on Mount Ida by Dardanus from which also the region and the people... in the Troad, a settlement of the ancient TeucriTeucer In Greek mythology Teucer, also Teucrus or Teucris from Greek ?e?????, was the son of King Telamon of Salamis an... , and, consequently, a town of very great antiquity (Herodotus iv: 122). Gergis, according to XenophonXenophon Xenophon , son of Gryllus, of the deme Erchia of Athens, was a soldier, mercenary and an admirer of Socrates and is known f... , was a place of much strength. It had a temple sacred to Apollo Gergithius, and was said to have given birth to the Sibyl, who is sometimes called ErythraeaErythraean Sibyl The Erythraean Sibyl, by the name of Sabbe, was the prophetess of classical antiquity presiding over the Apollonian oracle a... , from Erythrae, a small place on Mount IdaMount Ida Two sacred mountains are called Mount Ida in Greek mythology, equally named "Mount of the Goddess." Both sites associated... , and at others Gergithia ('of Gergis'). Biblography Beyer, Jürgen, 'Sibyllen', "Enzyklopädie des Märchens. Handwörterbuch zur historischen und vergleichenden Erzählforschung", vol. 12 (Berlin & New York, Walter de Gruyter 2007), coll. 625-30 Bouché-Leclercq, Auguste, Histoire de la divination dans l'Antiquité, I-IV volumes, Paris, 1879-1882. Broad, William J., The Oracle: the Lost Secrets and Hidden Message of Ancient Delphi (Penguin Press, 2006). Burkert, WalterWalter Burkert Walter Burkert, an eminent scholar of Greek religion and cults, is an emeritus professor of classics at the University of Zu... , Greek Religion (Harvard University Press, 1985) esp. pp 116-18. Delcourt, M. L'oracle de Delphes, 1955. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1911. Fox, Robin Lane, Alexander the Great 1973. Chapter 14 gives the best modern account of Alexander's visit to the oasis at Siwah, with some background material on the Greek conception of Sibyls. Goodrich, Norma Lorre, Priestesses, 1990. Hale, John R. and others (2003). . Retrieved Jan. 7, 2005. Hindrew, Vivian, The Sibyls: The First Prophetess of Mami (Wata) MWHS, 2007) Jeanmaire, H. La sybille et la retour de l'âge d'or, 1939. Lanciani, Rofolfo, Pagan and Christian Rome, 1896, ch. 1 Lactantius, Divine Institutions Book I, ch. vi Maass, E., De Sibyllarum Indicibus, Berlin, 1879. Middlesworth, Jennifer, Pythia, in Encyclopedia Mythica, Parke, Herbert William, History of the Delphic Oracle, 1939. Parke, Herbert William, Sibyls and Sibylline Prophecy, 1988. Pausanias, Description of Greece, ed. and translated by Sir James FrazerJames Frazer * The Golden Bough, 2nd edition* Psyche's Task... , 1913 edition. Cf. v.5 Peck, Harry Thurston, Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquity, 1898. Pitt-Kethley, Fiona, Journeys to the Underworld, 1988 Potter, David Stone, , Prophecy and history in the crisis of the Roman Empire: a historical commentary on the Thirteenth Sibylline Oracle, 1990. Cf. Chapter 3. Potter, David Stone, Prophets and Emperors. Human and Divine Authority from Augustus to Theodosius, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994. Smith, WilliamWilliam Smith (lexicographer) Sir William Smith, English lexicographer, was born at Enfield in 1813 of Nonconformist parents.... , Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and MythologyDictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology The *Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology* is an encyclopedia/biographical dictionary.... , 1870, article on Sibylla, West, Martin LitchfieldMartin Litchfield West Martin Litchfield West is an internationally recognised scholar in classics, classical antiquity and philology, with a curre... , The Orphic Poems, Oxford, 1983. External links Classical sibyls : Sibyl. African Cultural History on the Sibyls Medieval Christianizing sibyls : by Master IHS, 1572 Modern sibyl imagery modern poetry, translated from Albanian is prefaced by a quote from Petronius' Satyricon (1st Century A.D.) The passage translates roughly as "I saw with my own eyes the Sibyl at Cumae hanging in a jar, and when the boys said to her 'Sibyl, what do you want?' that one replied 'I want to die'. Margaret AtwoodMargaret Atwood Overview Margaret Eleanor Atwood, OC is a Canadian writer.... wrote a poem called "A Sibyl" in The Circle Game (collection)The Circle Game (collection) *The Circle Game* is a Canadian poetry collection written by Canadian author Margaret Atwood in 1964.... . In the Harry PotterHarry Potter The *Harry Potter* books are an immensely popular series of fantasy novels by British writer J.... series by J.K Rowling, the Divination Professor is called Sybill TrelawneySybill Trelawney Sybill Patricia Trelawney is a fictional character who appears in J.K.... . In the animeAnime Summary is an abbreviation of the English word "animation" but in Japanese is spelled ??????? written in katakana.... series SimounSimoun (anime) is an animated TV series that was broadcast in 26 weekly episodes from April to September, 2006.... , the main characters are priestesses known as sibyllae. The beamline at the in Berkeley, CA. The 'sibyls' in Chris D'Lacey's series of novels, The Fire WithinThe Fire Within *The Fire Within* is a 1963 French film directed by Louis Malle.... series, are described as prophetesses.