Shot put

The shot put is a track and field

Track and field

Track and field is a sport comprising various competitive athletic contests based around the activities of running, jumping and throwing. The name of the sport derives from the venue for the competitions: a stadium which features an oval running track surrounding a grassy area...

 event involving "putting" (throwing in a pushing motion) a heavy metal ball—the shot—as far as possible. It is common to use the term "shot put" to refer to both the shot itself and to the putting (throwing) action.

History

Homer

Homer

In the Western classical tradition Homer , is the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, and is revered as the greatest ancient Greek epic poet. These epics lie at the beginning of the Western canon of literature, and have had an enormous influence on the history of literature.When he lived is...

 makes mention of competitions of rock throwing by soldiers during the Siege of Troy

Trojan War

In Greek mythology, the Trojan War was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, the king of Sparta. The war is among the most important events in Greek mythology and was narrated in many works of Greek literature, including the Iliad...

 but there is no record of any dead weights being thrown in Greek competitions. The first evidence for stone-

Stone put

The stone put is one of the main Scottish heavy athletic events at modern-day Highland games gatherings. Similar to the shot put, the stone put more frequently uses an ordinary stone or rock instead of a steel ball...

 or weight-throwing events date back more than 2000 years in the Scottish Highlands

Scottish Highlands

The Highlands is an historic region of Scotland. The area is sometimes referred to as the "Scottish Highlands". It was culturally distinguishable from the Lowlands from the later Middle Ages into the modern period, when Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands...

. In the 16th century King Henry VIII

Henry VIII of England

Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was Lord, and later King, of Ireland, as well as continuing the nominal claim by the English monarchs to the Kingdom of France...

 was noted for his prowess in court competitions of weight and hammer throw

Hammer throw

The modern or Olympic hammer throw is an athletic throwing event where the object is to throw a heavy metal ball attached to a wire and handle. The name "hammer throw" is derived from older competitions where an actual sledge hammer was thrown...

ing.

The first known events resembling the modern shot put likely occurred in the Middle Ages

Middle Ages

The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...

 when soldiers held competitions in which they hurled cannonballs

Round shot

Round shot is a solid projectile without explosive charge, fired from a cannon. As the name implies, round shot is spherical; its diameter is slightly less than the bore of the gun it is fired from.Round shot was made in early times from dressed stone, but by the 17th century, from iron...

. Shot put competitions were first recorded in early 19th century Scotland

Scotland

Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...

, and were a part of the British Amateur Championships beginning in 1866.

Rules

Competitors take their throw from inside a marked circle 2.135 metres (7 ft) in diameter

Diameter

In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the center of the circle and whose endpoints are on the circle. The diameters are the longest chords of the circle...

, with a stopboard approximately 10 centimetres (3.9 in) high at the front of the circle. The distance thrown is measured from the inside of the circumference

Circumference

The circumference is the distance around a closed curve. Circumference is a special perimeter.-Circumference of a circle:The circumference of a circle is the length around it....

 of the circle to the nearest mark made in the ground by the falling shot, with distances rounded down to the nearest centimetre under IAAF

International Association of Athletics Federations

The International Association of Athletics Federations is the international governing body for the sport of athletics. It was founded in 1912 at its first congress in Stockholm, Sweden by representatives from 17 national athletics federations as the International Amateur Athletics Federation...

, WMA

World Masters Athletics

World Masters Athletics is the worldwide governing body for the sport of masters athletics – which includes track and field, cross country, and road running events – as participated by people over 35 years of age....

, USATF, and NCAA

National Collegiate Athletic Association

The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a semi-voluntary association of 1,281 institutions, conferences, organizations and individuals that organizes the athletic programs of many colleges and universities in the United States...

 rules.

Legal throws

The following rules are adhered to for a legal throw:

• Upon calling the athlete's name, they have sixty seconds to commence the throwing motion.
• The athlete may not wear gloves; IAAF rules permit the taping
  Taping
  Taping is a form of strapping. It is a procedure that uses tape, attached to the skin, to physically keep in place muscles or bones at a certain position. This reduces pain and aids recovery...
  
   of individual fingers, however under NCAA rules the athlete may not tape their fingers, except to cover a cut or open wound.
• The athlete must rest the shot close to the neck
  Neck
  The neck is the part of the body, on many terrestrial or secondarily aquatic vertebrates, that distinguishes the head from the torso or trunk. The adjective signifying "of the neck" is cervical .-Boner anatomy: The cervical spine:The cervical portion of the human spine comprises seven boney...
  
  , and keep it tight to the neck throughout the motion.
• The shot must be released above the height of the shoulder
  Shoulder
  The human shoulder is made up of three bones: the clavicle , the scapula , and the humerus as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints. The major joint of the shoulder is the glenohumeral joint, which...
  
  , using only one hand.
• The athlete may touch the inside surface of the circle or stopboard, but must not touch the top or outside of the circle or stopboard, or the ground beyond the circle. Limbs may however extend over the lines of the circle in the air.
• The shot must land in the legal sector (34.92°) of the throwing area.
• The athlete must exit the throwing circle from the back.

Foul throws

Foul

Foul (sports)

In sports, a foul is an inappropriate or unfair act by a player as deemed by a referee. A foul may be intentional or accidental, and often results in a penalty....

 throws occur when an athlete:

• Does not pause within the circle before beginning the throwing motion.
• Does not begin the throwing movement within sixty seconds of having his or her name called.
• Allows the shot to drop below his shoulder or outside the vertical plane of his shoulder during the put.
• During the throwing motion, touches with any part of the body (including shoes):
  • the top or ends of the stopboard
  • the top of the iron ring
  • anywhere outside the circle.
• Throws a shot which either falls outside the throwing sector or touches a sector line on the initial impact.
• Leaves the circle before the shot has landed.
• Does not exit from the rear half of the circle.

Myths

The following are either obsolete or non-existent but commonly believed rules:

• The athlete must enter the circle from the back (none of the rule books contain such a clause).
• The athlete entering the circle, then exiting and re-entering it prior to starting the throw results in a foul (all the rule books allow an athlete to leave a circle prior to starting a throw, but this still counts within the one minute time limit; the allowable method of exiting the circle varies by rule book).
• Loose clothing, shoelaces, or long hair touching outside the circle during a throw, or an athlete bringing a towel into the circle and then throwing it out prior to the put results in a foul (these are no longer rules or never were rules—none of these actions provide unfair advantage to the thrower).

Competition

Shot put competitions have been held at the modern Summer Olympic Games

Summer Olympic Games

The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad are an international multi-sport event, occurring every four years, organized by the International Olympic Committee. Medals are awarded in each event, with gold medals for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition that...

 since their inception in 1896, and it is also included as an event in the World Athletics Championships

IAAF World Championships in Athletics

The World Championships in Athletics is an event organized by the International Association of Athletics Federations . Originally, it was organised every four years, but this changed in 1991, and it has since been organised biennially.-History:...

.

Each competition has a set number of rounds of throws. Typically there are three preliminary rounds to determine qualification for the final, and then three more rounds in the final. Each competitor is credited with their longest throw, regardless of whether it was achieved in the preliminary or final rounds. The competitor with the longest legal put is declared the winner.

In open competitions the men's shot weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb), and the women's shot weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb). Junior, school, and masters competitions often use different weights of shots, typically below the weights of those used in open competitions; the individual rules for each competition should be consulted in order to determine the correct weights to be used.

Putting styles

Two putting styles are in current general use by shot put competitors: the glide and the spin. With all putting styles, the goal is to release the shot with maximum forward velocity

Velocity

In physics, velocity is speed in a given direction. Speed describes only how fast an object is moving, whereas velocity gives both the speed and direction of the object's motion. To have a constant velocity, an object must have a constant speed and motion in a constant direction. Constant ...

 at an angle of approximately forty degrees.

Glide

The origin of the glide dates to 1951, when Parry O'Brien

Parry O'Brien

William Parry O'Brien, Jr. was an American shot put champion. Born in Santa Monica, California, he competed in four consecutive Summer Olympics where he won two gold medals and one silver medal . In his last Olympic competition he placed fourth. For this, he is inducted in the U.S...

 of the United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 invented a technique that involved the putter facing backwards, rotating 180 degrees across the circle, and then tossing the shot.

With this technique, a right-hand thrower would begin facing the rear of the circle, and then kick to the front with the left leg, while pushing off forcefully with the right. As the thrower crosses the circle, the hips

HIPS

HIPS may refer to:* High impact polystyrene* Home Information Pack* Host-based intrusion-prevention system, a computer security system oriented towards workstations...

 twist toward the front, the left arm is swung out then pulled back tight, followed by the shoulders, and they then strike in a putting motion with their right arm. The key is to move quickly across the circle with as little air under the feet as possible, hence the name "glide".

Spin

In 1972 Aleksandr Baryshnikov

Aleksandr Baryshnikov

Aleksandr Georgievich Baryshnikov was a Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the Shot Put. He trained at Dynamo in Leningrad.He competed for the USSR in the 1976 Summer Olympics held in Montreal, Canada in the Shot Put where he won the bronze medal...

 set his first USSR

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

 record using a new putting style, the spin ("круговой мах" in Russian), invented by his coach Viktor Alexeyev. The spin involves rotating like a discus

Discus throw

The discus throw is an event in track and field athletics competition, in which an athlete throws a heavy disc—called a discus—in an attempt to mark a farther distance than his or her competitors. It is an ancient sport, as evidenced by the 5th century BC Myron statue, Discobolus...

 thrower and using rotational momentum

Angular momentum

In physics, angular momentum, moment of momentum, or rotational momentum is a conserved vector quantity that can be used to describe the overall state of a physical system...

 for power. In 1976 Baryshnikov went on to set a world record

World record

A world record is usually the best global performance ever recorded and verified in a specific skill or sport. The book Guinness World Records collates and publishes notable records of all types, from first and best to worst human achievements, to extremes in the natural world and beyond...

 of 22 m (72.2 ft) with his spin style, and was the first shot putter to cross the 22 metre mark.

The spin may have been independently invented in the United States. In 1976, Brian Oldfield

Brian Oldfield

Brian Oldfield is a former American athlete and personality of the 1970s and early 1980s. A standout shot putter, Oldfield is credited with making the rotational technique popular. With his "Oldfield spin," he set the indoor and outdoor world records in the sport many times...

 popularised the spin technique, after setting an unofficial record of 22.86 m (75 ft) in 1975, over 1 m (3.3 ft) better than the official world record at the time. The put was undisputed, but regarded as unofficial as Oldfield was a professional

Professional sports

Professional sports, as opposed to amateur sports, are sports in which athletes receive payment for their performance. Professional athleticism has come to the fore through a combination of developments. Mass media and increased leisure have brought larger audiences, so that sports organizations...

 at a time when the IAAF

International Association of Athletics Federations

The International Association of Athletics Federations is the international governing body for the sport of athletics. It was founded in 1912 at its first congress in Stockholm, Sweden by representatives from 17 national athletics federations as the International Amateur Athletics Federation...

 had an amateur

Amateur

An amateur is generally considered a person attached to a particular pursuit, study, or science, without pay and often without formal training....

-only policy. Up until 2011, Oldfield's record has been bettered by only 26 centimetres (10.24 in).

With this technique, a right-hand thrower faces the rear, and begins to spin on the ball

Ball (anatomy)

The ball of the foot is where the toes join with the rest of the foot.Source:...

 of the left foot. The thrower comes around and faces the front of the circle and drives the right foot into the middle of the circle. Finally, the thrower reaches for the front of the circle with the left foot, twisting the hips and shoulders like in the glide, and puts the shot.

When the athlete executes the spin, the upper body is twisted hard to the right, so the imaginary lines created by the shoulders and hips are no longer parallel. This action builds up torque

Torque

Torque, moment or moment of force , is the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis, fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist....

, and stretches the muscles, creating an involuntary elasticity

Elasticity (physics)

In physics, elasticity is the physical property of a material that returns to its original shape after the stress that made it deform or distort is removed. The relative amount of deformation is called the strain....

 in the muscles, providing extra power

Power (physics)

In physics, power is the rate at which energy is transferred, used, or transformed. For example, the rate at which a light bulb transforms electrical energy into heat and light is measured in watts—the more wattage, the more power, or equivalently the more electrical energy is used per unit...

 and momentum

Momentum

In classical mechanics, linear momentum or translational momentum is the product of the mass and velocity of an object...

. When the athlete prepares to release, the left foot is firmly planted, causing the momentum and energy generated to be conserved, pushing the shot in an upward and outward direction.

Another purpose of the spin is to build up a high rotational speed

Rotational speed

Rotational speed tells how many complete rotations there are per time unit. It is therefore a cyclic frequency, measured in hertz in the SI System...

, by swinging the right leg initially, then to bring all the limbs in tightly, similar to a figure skater

Figure skating

Figure skating is an Olympic sport in which individuals, pairs, or groups perform spins, jumps, footwork and other intricate and challenging moves on ice skates. Figure skaters compete at various levels from beginner up to the Olympic level , and at local, national, and international competitions...

 bringing in their arms while spinning

Figure skating spins

Spins are an element in figure skating where the skater rotates, centered on a single point on the ice, while holding one or more body positions. The skater rotates on the part of the blade just behind the toe pick, with the weight on the ball of the foot...

 to increase their speed. Once this fast speed is achieved the shot is released, transferring the energy into the shot put.

Usage

Currently, most top male shot putters use the spin. However the glide remains popular, especially at the amateur level and among women, since the technique leads to greater consistency compared to the rotational technique. Almost all throwers start by using the glide.

It is worth noting that the world record by a male putter of 23.12 metre by Randy Barnes

Randy Barnes

Eric Randolph Barnes is a former American shot putter who holds both the current outdoor and indoor World Records for the event. He won silver at the 1988 Olympics and gold at the 1996 Olympics....

 was completed with the spin technique, while the second-best all-time put of 23.063 metre by Ulf Timmermann

Ulf Timmermann

Ulf Timmermann is a German shot putter who broke many world records during the 1980s and is the first and one of only two people to ever throw over 23 metres ....

 was completed with the glide technique.

Measuring which technique can provide the most potential is difficult, as many of the best throws recorded with each technique have been completed by athletes under doping suspicions, or with a record of drug violations. The decision to glide or spin may need to be decided on an individual basis, determined by the thrower's size and power. Short throwers may benefit from the spin and taller throwers may benefit from the glide, but many throwers do not follow this guideline.

Types of shots

The shot put ball is made of different kinds of materials depending on its intended use. Materials used include iron

Iron

Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...

, cast iron

Cast iron

Cast iron is derived from pig iron, and while it usually refers to gray iron, it also identifies a large group of ferrous alloys which solidify with a eutectic. The color of a fractured surface can be used to identify an alloy. White cast iron is named after its white surface when fractured, due...

, solid steel

Steel

Steel is an alloy that consists mostly of iron and has a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Carbon is the most common alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used, such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten...

, stainless steel

Stainless steel

In metallurgy, stainless steel, also known as inox steel or inox from French "inoxydable", is defined as a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5 or 11% chromium content by mass....

, brass

Brass

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties.In comparison, bronze is principally an alloy of copper and tin...

, and synthetic materials

Synthetic fiber

Synthetic fibers are the result of extensive research by scientists to improve on naturally occurring animal and plant fibers. In general, synthetic fibers are created by forcing, usually through extrusion, fiber forming materials through holes into the air, forming a thread...

 like polyvinyl

Vinyl polymer

Vinyl polymers are a group of polymers derived from vinyl monomers. Their backbone is an extended alkane chain, made by polymerizing an alkene group into a chain . In popular usage, "vinyl" refers only to polyvinyl chloride...

. Some metals are more dense

Density

The mass density or density of a material is defined as its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ . In some cases , density is also defined as its weight per unit volume; although, this quantity is more properly called specific weight...

 than others making the size of the shot vary, for example, indoor shots are larger than outdoor shots, so different materials are used to make them.

World records

The current world record

World record

A world record is usually the best global performance ever recorded and verified in a specific skill or sport. The book Guinness World Records collates and publishes notable records of all types, from first and best to worst human achievements, to extremes in the natural world and beyond...

 holders are:

Type	Athlete	Distance	Venue	Date
Men
Outdoor	Randy Barnes Randy Barnes Eric Randolph Barnes is a former American shot putter who holds both the current outdoor and indoor World Records for the event. He won silver at the 1988 Olympics and gold at the 1996 Olympics....	23.12 metre	Westwood, California, USA	May 20, 1990
Indoor	Randy Barnes Randy Barnes Eric Randolph Barnes is a former American shot putter who holds both the current outdoor and indoor World Records for the event. He won silver at the 1988 Olympics and gold at the 1996 Olympics....	22.66 metre	Los Angeles, California Los Ángeles Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants... , USA	January 20, 1989
Women
Outdoor	Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya is a former Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the shot put. Lisovskaya trained at Spartak in Moscow.She competed for the USSR in the 1988 Summer Olympics held in Seoul, South Korea where she won the gold medal...	22.63 metre	Moscow, USSR	June 7, 1987
Indoor	Helena Fibingerová Helena Fibingerová Helena Fibingerová is a Czech shot putter who won an Olympic bronze medal and set three world records...	22.5 metre	Jablonec Jablonec Jablonec can refer to several towns in central Europe:*Jablonec nad Nisou, a town in Liberec Region, Czech Republic**FK Jablonec 97, a football club based in Jablonec nad Nisou*Jablonec, small village in Ústí nad Labem Region, Czech Republic... , CZE	February 19, 1977

Continental records

The current records held on each continent are:

Area	Men's			Women's
	Distance	Athlete	Nation	Distance	Athlete	Nation
Africa Confederation of African Athletics The Confederation of African Athletics is the governing body for the sport of athletics in Africa. It is headquartered in Senegal. It organises the African Championships in Athletics and other continental competitions.-Members:...	21.97 m	Janus Robberts Janus Robberts Janus Robberts is a South African athlete who competes in the shot put, and occasionally discus throw. He is the current African record holder in shot put with 21.97 metres, and also a former junior world record holder...		18.35 m	Vivian Chukwuemeka Vivian Chukwuemeka Vivian Chukwuemeka is a Nigerian shot putter and two-time Olympian. She won the gold medal in the shot put at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and has won three consecutive titles at the All-Africa Games from 1999 to 2007. She was the African Champion in the event in 2002, 2006 and 2008...
Asia Asian Athletics Association The Asian Athletics Association is the continental governing body for the sport of athletics in Asia. It is headquartered in Singapore. It organises the Asian Championships in Athletics and other continental competitions....	21.13 m	Sultan Abdulmajeed Al-Hebshi Sultan Abdulmajeed Al-Hebshi Sultan Abdulmajeed Al-Hebshi is a Saudi Arabian shot putter.His personal best was set at the 2009 Doha meeting, throwing a new area record of 21.13 m and finishing in third, only behind Olympic champion Tomasz Majewski and World Champion Reese...		21.76 m	Meisu Li
Europe European Athletic Association The European Athletic Association is the European governing body for the sport of athletics.- History :In 1932, during a meeting of the International Amateur Athletic Federation in Los Angeles, a special committee was designated by the Council with the task of reviewing the conditions for the...	23.06 m	Ulf Timmermann Ulf Timmermann Ulf Timmermann is a German shot putter who broke many world records during the 1980s and is the first and one of only two people to ever throw over 23 metres ....		22.63 m WR	Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya is a former Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the shot put. Lisovskaya trained at Spartak in Moscow.She competed for the USSR in the 1988 Summer Olympics held in Seoul, South Korea where she won the gold medal...
North and Central America, and Caribbean	23.12 m WR	Randy Barnes Randy Barnes Eric Randolph Barnes is a former American shot putter who holds both the current outdoor and indoor World Records for the event. He won silver at the 1988 Olympics and gold at the 1996 Olympics....		20.96 m	Belsy Laza Belsy Laza Belsy Laza Muñoz is a retired Cuban shot putter. Her personal best put was 20.96 metres, achieved in May 1992 in Mexico City. This is the current North America, Central America and the Caribbean record.-Achievements:...
Oceania	21.26 m	Scott Martin Scott Martin Scott Martin is an Australian shot putter and discus throw competitor. He rose to prominence in a National Australia Bank advertisement promoting the 2006 Commonwealth Games; in the ad, Martin was shown taking part in a ballet class to improve his discus technique...		21.24 m	Valerie Vili Valerie Vili Valerie Kasanita Adams , ONZM is a shot putter from New Zealand. She is the reigning Olympic, world and Commonwealth champion...
South America CONSUDATLE CONSUDATLE is the continental confederation governing body of athletics for national governing bodies and multi-national federations within South America. CONSUDATLE is one of six area associations of the International Amateur Athletic Federation...	21.13 m	Marco Antonio Verni Marco Antonio Verni Marco Antonio Verni is a Chilean shot putter. His personal best throw is 21.14 metres, achieved in July 2004 in Santiago de Chile....		19.30 m	Elisângela Adriano Elisângela Adriano Elisângela Maria Adriano is a Brazilian shot putter and discus thrower, whose personal best put is 19.30 metres, achieved in July 2001 in Tunja. Her personal best discus throw is 61.96 metres, achieved in May 1998 in São Leopoldo. In 1999 she was suspended by the IAAF for a two-year period, but...

Note: Represents a distance set at a high altitude.

Men

http://a231.ac-images.myspacecdn.com/images01/82/m_32deac907ae88d881c497dbbabdcb36e.jpg>

Mark	Athlete	Nationality	Venue	Date
23.12	Randy Barnes Randy Barnes Eric Randolph Barnes is a former American shot putter who holds both the current outdoor and indoor World Records for the event. He won silver at the 1988 Olympics and gold at the 1996 Olympics....		UCLA	May 20, 1990
23.06	Ulf Timmermann Ulf Timmermann Ulf Timmermann is a German shot putter who broke many world records during the 1980s and is the first and one of only two people to ever throw over 23 metres ....		Khania	May 22, 1988
22.91	Alessandro Andrei Alessandro Andrei Alessandro Andrei is a former Italian shot putter. He was born in Florence.He won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles, California....		Viareggio Viareggio Viareggio is a city and comune located in northern Tuscany, Italy, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea. With a population of over 64,000 it is the main centre of the northern Tuscan Riviera known as Versilia, and the second largest city within the Province of Lucca.It is known as a seaside resort...	August 12, 1987
22.86	Brian Oldfield Brian Oldfield Brian Oldfield is a former American athlete and personality of the 1970s and early 1980s. A standout shot putter, Oldfield is credited with making the rotational technique popular. With his "Oldfield spin," he set the indoor and outdoor world records in the sport many times...		El Paso El Paso, Texas El Paso, is a city in and the county seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States, and lies in far West Texas. In the 2010 census, the city had a population of 649,121. It is the sixth largest city in Texas and the 19th largest city in the United States...	May 10, 1975
22.75	Werner Günthör Werner Günthör Werner Günthör is a former Swiss track and field athlete, who was the best shot putter in the history of Swiss track and field....		Bern	August 23, 1988
22.67	Kevin Toth Kevin Toth Kevin Toth is a former American shot put athlete.His personal best throw is 22.67 meters, which places him 7th on the all-time performers list.-References:* *...		Lawrence Lawrence, Kansas Lawrence is the sixth largest city in the U.S. State of Kansas and the county seat of Douglas County. Located in northeastern Kansas, Lawrence is the anchor city of the Lawrence, Kansas, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Douglas County...	April 19, 2003
22.64	Udo Beyer Udo Beyer Udo Beyer is a former East German track and field athlete who competed in the shot put.- Life :Beyer is the oldest of the six children of heating mechanic Hans-Georg Beyer and his wife Eva-Marie and was born in Stalinstadt, today Eisenhüttenstadt. He grew up in Breslack, , and in Eisenhüttenstadt...		Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...	August 20, 1986
22.54	Christian Cantwell Christian Cantwell Christian Cantwell is a World Champion American shot putter. As of 2008 he is 6' 5" tall and weighs 300 or 335 lbs ....		Gresham Gresham, Oregon - Demographics :As of the census of 2000, there were 90,205 people, 33,327 households, and 22,695 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,071.6 people per square mile . There were 35,309 housing units at an average density of 1,593.8 per square mile...	June 5, 2004
22.52	John Brenner John Brenner (athlete) John Brenner is a retired shot putter from the United States. While a student at UCLA, Brenner was the 1984 NCAA champion in both the shot put and the discus throw. His collegiate record of 71-11, established in 1984, stood for eleven years.-References:* *...		Walnut Walnut, California Walnut is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 29,172 at the 2010 census and its current mayor is Tom King, a former Detective from the Los Angeles Police Department....	April 26, 1987
22.51	Adam Nelson Adam Nelson Adam Nelson is an elite American shotputter. A 1997 graduate of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, Nelson has competed in two Olympic Games...		Gresham Gresham, Oregon - Demographics :As of the census of 2000, there were 90,205 people, 33,327 households, and 22,695 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,071.6 people per square mile . There were 35,309 housing units at an average density of 1,593.8 per square mile...	May 18, 2002

Women

Mark	Athlete	Nationality	Venue	Date
22.63	Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya is a former Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the shot put. Lisovskaya trained at Spartak in Moscow.She competed for the USSR in the 1988 Summer Olympics held in Seoul, South Korea where she won the gold medal...		Moscow Moscow Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...	June 7, 1987
22.45	Ilona Briesenick		Potsdam Potsdam Potsdam is the capital city of the German federal state of Brandenburg and part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. It is situated on the River Havel, southwest of Berlin city centre....	May 11, 1980
22.32	Helena Fibingerová Helena Fibingerová Helena Fibingerová is a Czech shot putter who won an Olympic bronze medal and set three world records...		Nitra Nitra Nitra is a city in western Slovakia, situated at the foot of Zobor Mountain in the valley of the river Nitra. With a population of about 83,572, it is the fifth largest city in Slovakia. Nitra is also one of the oldest cities in Slovakia and the country's earliest political and cultural center...	August 20, 1977
22.19	Claudia Losch Claudia Losch Claudia Losch is a German track and field athlete.Losch won the German indoor championship in the shot put in 1983, 1984, 1987, 1988, and 1989...		Hainfeld Hainfeld Hainfeld is a town in the district of Lilienfeld in the Austrian state of Lower Austria....	August 23, 1987
21.89	Ivanka Khristova	Bulgaria	Belmeken	July 4, 1976
21.86	Marianne Adam Marianne Adam Marianne Adam is a retired shot putter who competed for East Germany in the 1970s. She was born in Luckenwalde. She was a member of SC Dynamo Berlin...		Leipzig Leipzig Leipzig Leipzig has always been a trade city, situated during the time of the Holy Roman Empire at the intersection of the Via Regia and Via Imperii, two important trade routes. At one time, Leipzig was one of the major European centres of learning and culture in fields such as music and publishing...	June 23, 1979
21.76	Li Meisu Li Meisu Li Meisu is a retired Chinese shot putter who won the bronze medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul.She also won the Asian Games in 1982 and 1998, the Asian Championships in 1998 and the East Asian Games in 1997....		Shijiazhuang Shijiazhuang Shijiazhuang is the capital and largest city of North China's Hebei province. Administratively a prefecture-level city, it is about south of Beijing...	April 23, 1988
21.73	Natalya Akhrimenko		Leselidze	May 21, 1988
21.69	Vita Pavlysh Vita Pavlysh Vita Pavlysh is a former athlete who specialised in the shot put....		Budapest Budapest Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...	August 15, 1998
21.66	Sui Xinmei Sui Xinmei Sui Xinmei is a Chinese shot putter who won the silver medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.She also won the 1991 IAAF World Indoor Championships as well as the Asian Games in 1990 and 1994 and the Asian Championships in 1995...		Beijing Beijing Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...	June 9, 1990

Men

Year
1983	Edward Sarul Edward Sarul Edward Sarul is a former Polish track and field athlete who competed in the shot put. He was the inaugural champion at the World Championships in Athletics in 1983. He also won the gold medal at the 1983 European Cup...	Ulf Timmermann Ulf Timmermann Ulf Timmermann is a German shot putter who broke many world records during the 1980s and is the first and one of only two people to ever throw over 23 metres ....	Remigius Machura Remigius Machura Remigius Machura is a retired shot putter who represented Czechoslovakia. His career highlights include a bronze medal at the first World Championships and a gold medal at the first World Indoor Championships. He also represented his country at the 1988 Summer Olympics where he finished fifth...
1987	Werner Günthör Werner Günthör Werner Günthör is a former Swiss track and field athlete, who was the best shot putter in the history of Swiss track and field....	Alessandro Andrei Alessandro Andrei Alessandro Andrei is a former Italian shot putter. He was born in Florence.He won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles, California....	John Brenner John Brenner (athlete) John Brenner is a retired shot putter from the United States. While a student at UCLA, Brenner was the 1984 NCAA champion in both the shot put and the discus throw. His collegiate record of 71-11, established in 1984, stood for eleven years.-References:* *...
1991	Werner Günthör Werner Günthör Werner Günthör is a former Swiss track and field athlete, who was the best shot putter in the history of Swiss track and field....	Lars Arvid Nilsen Lars Arvid Nilsen Lars Arvid Nilsen is a retired Norwegian shot putter. He represented Urædd Friidrett.He finished fifth at the 1986 European Championships, fifth at the 1987 World Indoor Championships, tenth at the 1990 European Indoor Championships, sixth at the 1990 European Championships and fifth at the 1991...	Alexander Klimenko
1993	Werner Günthör Werner Günthör Werner Günthör is a former Swiss track and field athlete, who was the best shot putter in the history of Swiss track and field....	Randy Barnes Randy Barnes Eric Randolph Barnes is a former American shot putter who holds both the current outdoor and indoor World Records for the event. He won silver at the 1988 Olympics and gold at the 1996 Olympics....	Oleksandr Bagach Oleksandr Bagach Oleksandr Bagach born November 21, 1966 in Matusiv) is a former Ukrainian shot putter.During his career he won bronze medals at the Olympic Games and World Championships. Having originally won the gold medal at the 1997 World Championships, he failed a drug test for ephedrine and lost the medal...
1995	John Godina John Godina John Carl Godina is an American shot putter, whose record includes three World Championship wins and two Olympic medals. He also competes in discus.-High School Years:...	Mika Halvari Mika Halvari Mika Kristian Halvari is a Finnish shot putter who has quit active competition. When competing, he represented Kemin Kunto and Helsingin Kisa-Veikot, weighing in at 140 kg on his 190 cm frame....	Randy Barnes Randy Barnes Eric Randolph Barnes is a former American shot putter who holds both the current outdoor and indoor World Records for the event. He won silver at the 1988 Olympics and gold at the 1996 Olympics....
1997	John Godina John Godina John Carl Godina is an American shot putter, whose record includes three World Championship wins and two Olympic medals. He also competes in discus.-High School Years:...	Oliver-Sven Buder Oliver-Sven Buder Oliver-Sven Buder is a German track and field athlete, who in the 1990s belonged to the best shot-putters in the world. The high point of his career came at the World Championships in 1997 and 1999 where he won the silver medal...	Cottrell J. Hunter C. J. Hunter Cottrell J. Hunter, III is a former American shot putter and coach. He was the 1999 World Champion, but is perhaps best known for his involvement in the BALCO scandal and as the onetime spouse of sprinter Marion Jones. His personal best was 71' 9" , thrown during a 2nd place finish in the 2000 US...
1999	Cottrell J. Hunter C. J. Hunter Cottrell J. Hunter, III is a former American shot putter and coach. He was the 1999 World Champion, but is perhaps best known for his involvement in the BALCO scandal and as the onetime spouse of sprinter Marion Jones. His personal best was 71' 9" , thrown during a 2nd place finish in the 2000 US...	Oliver-Sven Buder Oliver-Sven Buder Oliver-Sven Buder is a German track and field athlete, who in the 1990s belonged to the best shot-putters in the world. The high point of his career came at the World Championships in 1997 and 1999 where he won the silver medal...	Oleksandr Bagach Oleksandr Bagach Oleksandr Bagach born November 21, 1966 in Matusiv) is a former Ukrainian shot putter.During his career he won bronze medals at the Olympic Games and World Championships. Having originally won the gold medal at the 1997 World Championships, he failed a drug test for ephedrine and lost the medal...
2001	John Godina John Godina John Carl Godina is an American shot putter, whose record includes three World Championship wins and two Olympic medals. He also competes in discus.-High School Years:...	Adam Nelson Adam Nelson Adam Nelson is an elite American shotputter. A 1997 graduate of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, Nelson has competed in two Olympic Games...	Arsi Harju Arsi Harju Arsi Ilari Harju is a Finnish shot putter with the team Perhon kiri. He won the gold medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics with a distance of 21.29 metres. His personal best is 21.39, which he put in the qualifiers for the same Olympics. Due to his success in the Olympics and elsewhere that year,...
2003	Andrei Mikhnevich Andrei Mikhnevich Andrei Anatolyevich Mikhnevich is a Belarusian shot putter with a personal best of 22.00 metres, set in 2008. He holds the Belarusian record indoors with a throw of 21.81 m at the national indoor championships....	Adam Nelson Adam Nelson Adam Nelson is an elite American shotputter. A 1997 graduate of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, Nelson has competed in two Olympic Games...	Yuriy Bilonoh Yuriy Bilonoh Yuriy Bilonoh is a Ukrainian shot putter. Born in Bilopillya, Sumy, he began athletics at a Children and Youth Sports School in Bilopillya, where his first trainer was Vladimir Belikov. Bilonoh won the gold medal in his event at the 2004 Summer Olympics. At the 2000 Olympics he had finished fifth....
2005	Adam Nelson Adam Nelson Adam Nelson is an elite American shotputter. A 1997 graduate of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, Nelson has competed in two Olympic Games...	Rutger Smith Rutger Smith Rutger Smith is a Dutch track and field athlete competing in the shot put and discus throw. He was the first athlete to win medals at the World Championships in both events. He represented the Netherlands at the Summer Olympics in 2004 and 2008...	Ralf Bartels Ralf Bartels Ralf Bartels is a German shot putter. He became European Champion at the 2006 European Championships in Athletics in Gothenburg, Sweden after beating Belarusian Andrei Mikhnevich with a final put of 21.13 metres, two centimetres ahead of the Belarusian.Bartels also won bronze at the 2005...
2007	Reese Hoffa Reese Hoffa Reese Hoffa is an American shot putter. Reese won the shot put in the 2006 World Indoor Track and Field Championships in Moscow, Russia. As of 2007, his personal bests stand at 22.11 m indoor and 22.43 m outdoor. His outdoor performance ranks him 11th on the world all-time lists...	Adam Nelson Adam Nelson Adam Nelson is an elite American shotputter. A 1997 graduate of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, Nelson has competed in two Olympic Games...	Andrei Mikhnevich Andrei Mikhnevich Andrei Anatolyevich Mikhnevich is a Belarusian shot putter with a personal best of 22.00 metres, set in 2008. He holds the Belarusian record indoors with a throw of 21.81 m at the national indoor championships....
2009	Christian Cantwell Christian Cantwell Christian Cantwell is a World Champion American shot putter. As of 2008 he is 6' 5" tall and weighs 300 or 335 lbs ....	Tomasz Majewski Tomasz Majewski Tomasz Majewski is a Polish Olympic gold medalist shot putter. He is 204 cm tall and weighs 140 kg ....	Ralf Bartels Ralf Bartels Ralf Bartels is a German shot putter. He became European Champion at the 2006 European Championships in Athletics in Gothenburg, Sweden after beating Belarusian Andrei Mikhnevich with a final put of 21.13 metres, two centimetres ahead of the Belarusian.Bartels also won bronze at the 2005...

Women

Year
1983	Helena Fibingerová Helena Fibingerová Helena Fibingerová is a Czech shot putter who won an Olympic bronze medal and set three world records...	Helma Knorscheidt Helma Knorscheidt Helma Knorscheidt is an East German shot putter.She competed for the sports club SC Chemie Halle during her active career....	Ilona Slupianek Ilona Slupianek Ilona Briesenick, née Schoknecht divorced Slupianek is a retired German athlete, who starred mainly in the shot put...
1987	Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya is a former Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the shot put. Lisovskaya trained at Spartak in Moscow.She competed for the USSR in the 1988 Summer Olympics held in Seoul, South Korea where she won the gold medal...	Kathrin Neimke Kathrin Neimke Kathrin Neimke , is a German track and field athlete. During the 1980s and 1990s she was one of the world's best in the shot put. Until 1990 she represented East Germany...	Ines Müller Ines Müller Ines Müller, née Reichenbach , is a German track and field athlete who represented East Germany in the shot put during the 1980s...
1991	Huang Zhihong Huang Zhihong Huang Zhihong is a former shot put athlete from China. An Olympic silver medallist and a double world champion, she was in fact the first Asian to win a world championship in athletics. Her personal best throw is 21.52, achieved in Beijing 1990....	Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya Natalya Lisovskaya is a former Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the shot put. Lisovskaya trained at Spartak in Moscow.She competed for the USSR in the 1988 Summer Olympics held in Seoul, South Korea where she won the gold medal...	Svetlana Krivelyova Svetlana Krivelyova Svetlana Vladimirovna Krivelyova is an athlete who specialises in the shot put....
1993	Huang Zhihong Huang Zhihong Huang Zhihong is a former shot put athlete from China. An Olympic silver medallist and a double world champion, she was in fact the first Asian to win a world championship in athletics. Her personal best throw is 21.52, achieved in Beijing 1990....	Svetlana Krivelyova Svetlana Krivelyova Svetlana Vladimirovna Krivelyova is an athlete who specialises in the shot put....	Kathrin Neimke Kathrin Neimke Kathrin Neimke , is a German track and field athlete. During the 1980s and 1990s she was one of the world's best in the shot put. Until 1990 she represented East Germany...
1995	Astrid Kumbernuss Astrid Kumbernuss Astrid Kumbernuss is a former German female shot putter and discus thrower.Her career started at the SC Neubrandenburg sports club. Her greatest successes were gold medals at the 1995, 1997 and 1999 World Championships in Athletics, and the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta...	Huang Zhihong Huang Zhihong Huang Zhihong is a former shot put athlete from China. An Olympic silver medallist and a double world champion, she was in fact the first Asian to win a world championship in athletics. Her personal best throw is 21.52, achieved in Beijing 1990....	Svetla Mitkova Svetla Mitkova-Sinirtas Svetla Ivanova Mitkova-Sinirtas is a retired athlete who competed in shot put and discus throw. She represented her home country Bulgaria up to 1999, when she gained a Turkish citizenship by marriage. She competed in every World Championship from the inaugural 1983 edition to 1999, the highlight...
1997	Astrid Kumbernuss Astrid Kumbernuss Astrid Kumbernuss is a former German female shot putter and discus thrower.Her career started at the SC Neubrandenburg sports club. Her greatest successes were gold medals at the 1995, 1997 and 1999 World Championships in Athletics, and the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta...	Vita Pavlysh Vita Pavlysh Vita Pavlysh is a former athlete who specialised in the shot put....	Stephanie Storp Stephanie Storp Stephanie Storp is a retired female shot putter from Germany. Her best performance was winning the bronze medal at the 1997 World Championships, with a throw of 19.22 metres. She also won the silver medal at the 1993 World Indoor Championships, and represented her country in the Summer Olympics of...
1999	Astrid Kumbernuss Astrid Kumbernuss Astrid Kumbernuss is a former German female shot putter and discus thrower.Her career started at the SC Neubrandenburg sports club. Her greatest successes were gold medals at the 1995, 1997 and 1999 World Championships in Athletics, and the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta...	Nadine Kleinert Nadine Kleinert ', since 1999 married Schmitt is a German shot putter.Her personal best throw is 20.20 metres, achieved in August 2009 in Berlin.-Achievements:-References:...	Svetlana Krivelyova Svetlana Krivelyova Svetlana Vladimirovna Krivelyova is an athlete who specialises in the shot put....
2001	Yanina Karolchyk-Pravalinskaya	Nadine Kleinert Nadine Kleinert ', since 1999 married Schmitt is a German shot putter.Her personal best throw is 20.20 metres, achieved in August 2009 in Berlin.-Achievements:-References:...	Vita Pavlysh Vita Pavlysh Vita Pavlysh is a former athlete who specialised in the shot put....
2003	Svetlana Krivelyova Svetlana Krivelyova Svetlana Vladimirovna Krivelyova is an athlete who specialises in the shot put....	Nadzeya Astapchuk	Vita Pavlysh Vita Pavlysh Vita Pavlysh is a former athlete who specialised in the shot put....
2005	Nadzeya Astapchuk	Olga Ryabinkina Olga Ryabinkina Olga Sergeyevna Ryabinkina is a female shot putter from Russia.She finished tenth at the 2000 Summer Olympics. At the 2004 Summer Olympics she failed to progress from the initial round....	Valerie Vili Valerie Vili Valerie Kasanita Adams , ONZM is a shot putter from New Zealand. She is the reigning Olympic, world and Commonwealth champion...
2007	Valerie Vili Valerie Vili Valerie Kasanita Adams , ONZM is a shot putter from New Zealand. She is the reigning Olympic, world and Commonwealth champion...	Nadzeya Astapchuk	Nadine Kleinert Nadine Kleinert ', since 1999 married Schmitt is a German shot putter.Her personal best throw is 20.20 metres, achieved in August 2009 in Berlin.-Achievements:-References:...
2009	Valerie Vili Valerie Vili Valerie Kasanita Adams , ONZM is a shot putter from New Zealand. She is the reigning Olympic, world and Commonwealth champion...	Nadine Kleinert Nadine Kleinert ', since 1999 married Schmitt is a German shot putter.Her personal best throw is 20.20 metres, achieved in August 2009 in Berlin.-Achievements:-References:...	Gong Lijiao Gong Lijiao Gong Lijiao is a Chinese shot putter.-Career:She finished seventh at the 2007 World Championships, her international debut...

Men

Year
1974	Geoff Capes Geoff Capes Geoffrey Lewis Capes is a former athlete, strongman and professional Highland Games competitor...	Mike Winch Mike Winch Mike Winch is a retired British shot putter who won a Commonwealth silver medal in the 1974 Christchurch and 1982 Brisbane Commonwealth Games....	Bruce Pirnie
1978	Geoff Capes Geoff Capes Geoffrey Lewis Capes is a former athlete, strongman and professional Highland Games competitor...	Bruno Pauletto	Bishop Dolegiewicz Bishop Dolegiewicz Zbigniew "Bishop" Dolegiewicz was a Canadian professional track and field athlete and coach who specialized in the shot put and the discus throw....
1982	Bruno Pauletto	Mike Winch Mike Winch Mike Winch is a retired British shot putter who won a Commonwealth silver medal in the 1974 Christchurch and 1982 Brisbane Commonwealth Games....	Luby Chambul
1986	Billy Cole	Joe Quigley	Stuart Gyngell
1990	Simon Williams Simon Williams Simon Williams may refer to:* Simon Williams , English actor best known for playing James Bellamy in Upstairs, Downstairs* Simon Williams , Professor at the University of Warwick....	Adewale Olukoju Adewale Olukoju Adewale Olukoju is a Nigerian athlete who competed in discus throw and shot put. He was very prominent in African athletics in the late 1980s and early 1990s, winning four gold medals in total at the All-Africa Games....	Paul Edwards Paul Edwards (athlete) Paul Michael Edwards is a retired athlete who competed in the men's shot put event during his career. He competed for both Wales and England during his career and twice represented Great Britain at the Summer Olympics: 1988 and 1992. Edwards was affiliated with the Walton Athletic Club and...
1994	Matt Simson	Courtney Ireland Courtney Ireland Courtney W. Ireland is a New Zealand athlete specialising in the shot put.He competed in the Commonwealth Games in 1990, and in 1994 when he won silver.He was in the USA on a scholarship 1991-94, and later played rugby in Japan for Coca-Cola....	Chima Ugma
1998	Burger Lambrechts Burger Lambrechts Burger Lambrechts is a South African shot putter.He attended Laerskool Nelspruit, where he was head-boy in 1986 and Hoërskool Waterkloof, where he was vice head-boy in 1991....	Michalis Louca	Shaun Pickering
2002	Justin Anlezark Justin Anlezark Justin Anlezark is a male shot putter from Australia. His personal best throw is 20.96 metres, achieved in April 2003 in Brisbane....	Janus Roberts	Carl Myerscough Carl Myerscough Carl Myerscough is an English athlete. He specialises in the Shot put event and is the British record holder as of 2006....
2006	Janus Roberts	Dorian Scott Dorian Scott Dorian Armand Scott is a Jamaican shot putter. His personal best is 21.45 meters, achieved in March 2008 in Tallahassee, Florida...	Scott Martin Scott Martin Scott Martin is an Australian shot putter and discus throw competitor. He rose to prominence in a National Australia Bank advertisement promoting the 2006 Commonwealth Games; in the ad, Martin was shown taking part in a ballet class to improve his discus technique...

Women

Year
1974	Jane Haist Jane Haist Jane Haist was a female discus thrower and shot putter, who represented Canada at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. She is best known for winning two gold medals for Canada at the 1974 Commonwealth Games: in the women's discus throw and in the women's shot put event.-References:*...	Val Young Val Young Val Young , is an Urban/Dance-pop artist from Detroit, Michigan, who achieved success during the 1980s. She is now based in Los Angeles.- Career :...	Jean Roberts Jean Roberts Jean Roberts is a former Australian Olympic athlete who competed in the shot put and discus events.She competed for the Coburg club, alongside athletes such as Raelene Boyle and Carolyn Lewis....
1978	Gael Mulhall Gael Martin Gael Patricia Mulhall-Martin is a former Australian athlete, daughter of footballer Ken Mulhall, an Australian rules footballer with the St Kilda Football Club.She competed in the shot put and in the discus throw....	Carmen Ionescu Carmen Ionescu (athlete) Carmen Ionescu is a retired female discus thrower and shot putter, who competed for Romania and Canada at the Summer Olympics.She represented Romania in her first Olympic appearance, at Munich in 1972...	Judy Oaks
1982	Judy Oaks	Gael Mulhall Gael Martin Gael Patricia Mulhall-Martin is a former Australian athlete, daughter of footballer Ken Mulhall, an Australian rules footballer with the St Kilda Football Club.She competed in the shot put and in the discus throw....	Rose Haunch
1986	Gael Martin Gael Martin Gael Patricia Mulhall-Martin is a former Australian athlete, daughter of footballer Ken Mulhall, an Australian rules footballer with the St Kilda Football Club.She competed in the shot put and in the discus throw....	Judy Oaks	Myrtle Augee Myrtle Augee Myrtle Sharon Mary Augee is a retired English shot putter. Her personal best put was 19.03 metres, achieved in June 1990 in Cardiff. This places her second on the British outdoor list, behind Judy Oakes. She was also a World Champion in powerlifting.-Achievements:-References:*...
1990	Myrtle Augee Myrtle Augee Myrtle Sharon Mary Augee is a retired English shot putter. Her personal best put was 19.03 metres, achieved in June 1990 in Cardiff. This places her second on the British outdoor list, behind Judy Oakes. She was also a World Champion in powerlifting.-Achievements:-References:*...	Judy Oaks	Yvonne Hanson-Nortey Yvonne Hanson-Nortey Yvonne W. A. Hanson-Nortey is a retired female shot putter from England. She was affiliated with Hallamshire Harriers.Her personal best put was 17.45 metres, achieved in July 1989 in London...
1994	Judy Oaks	Myrtle Augee Myrtle Augee Myrtle Sharon Mary Augee is a retired English shot putter. Her personal best put was 19.03 metres, achieved in June 1990 in Cardiff. This places her second on the British outdoor list, behind Judy Oakes. She was also a World Champion in powerlifting.-Achievements:-References:*...	Lisa-Maria Vizaniari
1998	Judy Oaks	Myrtle Augee Myrtle Augee Myrtle Sharon Mary Augee is a retired English shot putter. Her personal best put was 19.03 metres, achieved in June 1990 in Cardiff. This places her second on the British outdoor list, behind Judy Oakes. She was also a World Champion in powerlifting.-Achievements:-References:*...	Johanna Abrahamse
2002	Vivian Chukwuemeka Vivian Chukwuemeka Vivian Chukwuemeka is a Nigerian shot putter and two-time Olympian. She won the gold medal in the shot put at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and has won three consecutive titles at the All-Africa Games from 1999 to 2007. She was the African Champion in the event in 2002, 2006 and 2008...	Valerie Adams	Johanna Abrahamse
2006	Valerie Vili Valerie Vili Valerie Kasanita Adams , ONZM is a shot putter from New Zealand. She is the reigning Olympic, world and Commonwealth champion...	Vivian Chukwuemeka Vivian Chukwuemeka Vivian Chukwuemeka is a Nigerian shot putter and two-time Olympian. She won the gold medal in the shot put at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and has won three consecutive titles at the All-Africa Games from 1999 to 2007. She was the African Champion in the event in 2002, 2006 and 2008...	Cleapatra Borel-Brown

Men

Year	Distance	1964	20.68		Los Angeles Los Ángeles Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...
1965	21.52		College Station
1966	21.09		Los Angeles Los Ángeles Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...
1967	21.78		College Station
1968	21.30		Walnut Walnut, California Walnut is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 29,172 at the 2010 census and its current mayor is Tom King, a former Detective from the Los Angeles Police Department....
1969	20.64		Eugene Eugene, Oregon Eugene is the second largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Lane County. It is located at the south end of the Willamette Valley, at the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette rivers, about east of the Oregon Coast.As of the 2010 U.S... Budapest Budapest Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
1970	21.75		Berkeley Berkeley, California Berkeley is a city on the east shore of the San Francisco Bay in Northern California, United States. Its neighbors to the south are the cities of Oakland and Emeryville. To the north is the city of Albany and the unincorporated community of Kensington...
1971	21.12		Moscow Moscow Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
1972	21.54		Potsdam Potsdam Potsdam is the capital city of the German federal state of Brandenburg and part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. It is situated on the River Havel, southwest of Berlin city centre....
1973	21.82		San Jose San Jose, California San Jose is the third-largest city in California, the tenth-largest in the U.S., and the county seat of Santa Clara County which is located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay...
1974	21.70		Moscow Moscow Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
1975	22.86		El Paso El Paso El Paso, a city in the U.S. state of Texas, on the border with Mexico.El Paso may also refer to:-Geography:Colombia:* El Paso, CesarSpain:*El Paso, Santa Cruz de TenerifeUnited States:...
1976	22.45		El Paso El Paso El Paso, a city in the U.S. state of Texas, on the border with Mexico.El Paso may also refer to:-Geography:Colombia:* El Paso, CesarSpain:*El Paso, Santa Cruz de TenerifeUnited States:...
1977	21.74		Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
1978	22.15		Gothenburg Gothenburg Gothenburg is the second-largest city in Sweden and the fifth-largest in the Nordic countries. Situated on the west coast of Sweden, the city proper has a population of 519,399, with 549,839 in the urban area and total of 937,015 inhabitants in the metropolitan area...
1979	21.74		Linz Linz Linz is the third-largest city of Austria and capital of the state of Upper Austria . It is located in the north centre of Austria, approximately south of the Czech border, on both sides of the river Danube. The population of the city is , and that of the Greater Linz conurbation is about...
1980 1980 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:*Olympic Boycott Games*Olympic Games*World Cross Country Championships-World Best Year Performance:-January:*January 1 — Masumi Aya, Japanese hammer thrower*January 2 — Yusuke Yachi, Japanese race walker...	21.98		Erfurt Erfurt Erfurt is the capital city of Thuringia and the main city nearest to the geographical centre of Germany, located 100 km SW of Leipzig, 150 km N of Nuremberg and 180 km SE of Hannover. Erfurt Airport can be reached by plane via Munich. It lies in the southern part of the Thuringian...
1981 1981 in athletics (track and field) -International events:*Asian Championships*Central American and Caribbean Championships*European Indoor Championships*South American Championships*World Cross Country Championships-100 metres:-200 metres:-400 metres:-800 metres:-1,500 metres:...	22.02		Modesto
1982 1982 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:*African Championships*Asian Games*Central American and Caribbean Championships*Commonwealth Games*European Championships*European Indoor Championships*World Cross Country Championships-Men:-Women:...	22.02		Koblenz Koblenz Koblenz is a German city situated on both banks of the Rhine at its confluence with the Moselle, where the Deutsches Eck and its monument are situated.As Koblenz was one of the military posts established by Drusus about 8 BC, the...
1983 1983 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:*Asian Championships*Balkan Games*Central American and Caribbean Championships*European Indoor Championships*Mediterranean Games*Pan American Games*South American Championships*World Championships*World Cross Country Championships...	22.22		Los Angeles Los Ángeles Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...
1984 1984 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:*African Championships in Rabat, Morocco*Balkan Games in Athens, Greece*European Indoor Championships in Gothenburg, Sweden*World Cross Country Championships in New York, United States*Olympic Games in Los Angeles, United States-Men:...	22.19		San Jose San Jose, California San Jose is the third-largest city in California, the tenth-largest in the U.S., and the county seat of Santa Clara County which is located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay...
1985 1985 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Asian Championships* Balkan Games* Bolivarian Games* Central American and Caribbean Championships* European Indoor Championships* South American Championships* Pan Arab Games* World Cross Country Championships...	22.62		Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
1986 1986 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* Asian Games* Balkan Games* European Championships* European Indoor Championships* Commonwealth Games* Goodwill Games* World Junior Championships-Men:-Women:...	22.64		Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
1987 1987 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* All-Africa Games* Asian Championships* Central American and Caribbean Championships* European Indoor Championships* Mediterranean Games* Pan American Games* World Championships* World Indoor Championships...	22.91		Viareggio Viareggio Viareggio is a city and comune located in northern Tuscany, Italy, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea. With a population of over 64,000 it is the main centre of the northern Tuscan Riviera known as Versilia, and the second largest city within the Province of Lucca.It is known as a seaside resort...
1988 1988 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Balkan Games* European Indoor Championships* Olympic Games* World Cross Country Championships* World Junior Championships-Men:...	23.06		Hania
1989 1989 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Asian Championships* Balkan Games* Central American and Caribbean Championships* Bolivarian Games* European Indoor Championships* Jeux de la Francophonie* South American Championships...	22.19		Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
1990 1990 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Asian Games* Balkan Games* Central American and Caribbean Championships* Commonwealth Games* European Championships* European Indoor Championships* Goodwill Games* World Cross Country Championships...	23.12		Westwood Westwood, California Westwood is a census-designated place in Lassen County, California, United States. Westwood is located west-southwest of Susanville, at an elevation of 5128 feet...
1991 1991 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* All-Africa Games* Asian Championships* Central American and Caribbean Championships* Mediterranean Games* Pan American Games* South American Championships* World Championships* World Cross Country Championships...	22.03		Oslo Oslo Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
1992 1992 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Balkan Games* European Indoor Championships* Olympic Games* Pan Arab Games* World Cross Country Championships* World Junior Championships-Men:-Women:-100 metres:-200 metres:-400 metres:-800 metres:...	21.98		Los Gatos
1993 1993 in athletics (track and field) -International events:* African Championships* Asian Championships* Bolivarian Games* Central American and Caribbean Games* Central American Championships* East Asian Games* Maccabiah Games* Mediterranean Games* Chinese National Games...	21.98		Linz Linz Linz is the third-largest city of Austria and capital of the state of Upper Austria . It is located in the north centre of Austria, approximately south of the Czech border, on both sides of the river Danube. The population of the city is , and that of the Greater Linz conurbation is about...
1994 1994 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* Asian Games* Balkan Games* Commonwealth Games* European Championships* European Indoor Championships* Jeux de la Francophonie* Goodwill Games* World Cross Country Championships* World Junior Championships-Women:...	21.09		New York City New York City New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
1995	22.00		Knoxville
1996	22.40		Rüdlingen Rüdlingen Rüdlingen is a municipality in the canton of Schaffhausen in Switzerland.-Geography:Rüdlingen has an area, , of . Of this area, 47.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 33.8% is forested...
1997	22.03		Indianapolis Indianapolis Indianapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Indiana, and the county seat of Marion County, Indiana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population is 839,489. It is by far Indiana's largest city and, as of the 2010 U.S...
1998 1998 in athletics (track and field) This page shows the main events during the 1998 year in athletics throughout the world.-Championships:* African Championships* Asian Championships* Asian Games* Balkan Games* Central American and Caribbean Games* Commonwealth Games...	21.78		Walnut Walnut, California Walnut is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 29,172 at the 2010 census and its current mayor is Tom King, a former Detective from the Los Angeles Police Department....
1999 1999 in athletics (track and field) This page shows the main events during the 1999 year in athletics throughout the world.-International Events:* All-Africa Games* Balkan Games* Central American and Caribbean Championships* Pan American Games* Pan Arab Games...	22.02		Eugene Eugene, Oregon Eugene is the second largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Lane County. It is located at the south end of the Willamette Valley, at the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette rivers, about east of the Oregon Coast.As of the 2010 U.S...
2000 2000 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2000.The primary athletics competition for the 2000 season was at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.-World:...	22.12		Sacramento Sacramento Sacramento is the capital of the state of California, in the United States of America.Sacramento may also refer to:- United States :*Sacramento County, California*Sacramento, Kentucky*Sacramento – San Joaquin River Delta...
2001 2001 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2001.The foremost competition of the season was the 2001 World Championships in Athletics in Edmonton, Canada...	21.97		Eugene Eugene, Oregon Eugene is the second largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Lane County. It is located at the south end of the Willamette Valley, at the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette rivers, about east of the Oregon Coast.As of the 2010 U.S...
2002 2002 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2002.There was no primary championships that season, although continental championships were held in Africa, Asia and Europe. The foremost athletics competitions at...	22.51		Gresham Gresham, Oregon - Demographics :As of the census of 2000, there were 90,205 people, 33,327 households, and 22,695 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,071.6 people per square mile . There were 35,309 housing units at an average density of 1,593.8 per square mile...
2003 2003 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2003.The foremost competition of the year was the 2003 World Championships in Athletics, followed by the 2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships...	22.67		Lawrence Lawrence, Kansas Lawrence is the sixth largest city in the U.S. State of Kansas and the county seat of Douglas County. Located in northeastern Kansas, Lawrence is the anchor city of the Lawrence, Kansas, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Douglas County...
2004 2004 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2004.The major competition of the year was the 2004 Summer Olympics. At the event, Yelena Isinbayeva cleared a world record 4.91 m in the pole vault...	22.54		Gresham Gresham, Oregon - Demographics :As of the census of 2000, there were 90,205 people, 33,327 households, and 22,695 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,071.6 people per square mile . There were 35,309 housing units at an average density of 1,593.8 per square mile...
2005 2005 in athletics (track and field) This page shows the main events during the 2005 year in athletics throughout the world.-World:* World Championships* World Athletics Final* World Cross Country Championships* World Half Marathon Championships* World Youth Championships...	22.20		Carson The Home Depot Center The Home Depot Center is a multiple-use sports complex located on the campus of California State University, Dominguez Hills in Carson, California. It is located approximately 10 miles south of Downtown Los Angeles. Its title sponsor is hardware retailer The Home Depot. The $150 million complex was...
2006 2006 in athletics (track and field) The following events in athletics took place in 2006:-Championships:* March: 2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships * March: 2006 Commonwealth Games...	22.45		Gateshead Gateshead Gateshead is a town in Tyne and Wear, England and is the main settlement in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead. Historically a part of County Durham, it lies on the southern bank of the River Tyne opposite Newcastle upon Tyne and together they form the urban core of Tyneside...
2007 2007 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2007.-World:*World Championships in Athletics*World Athletics Final*World Cross Country Championships...	22.43		London London London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
2008 2008 in athletics (track and field) -International events:*2008 Summer Olympic Games, held in Beijing, China*African Championships, held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia*European Cup, super league held in Annecy, France*World Indoor Championships, held in Valencia, Spain...	22.12		Manhattan Manhattan Manhattan is the oldest and the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on the island of Manhattan at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York...
2009 2009 in athletics (track and field) This page contains an overview of the year 2009 in athletics.The major competition of the year was the 2009 World Championships in Athletics. At the event, Usain Bolt reaffirmed himself as one of the world's foremost athletes with world records in the 100 and 200 metres...	22.16		Zagreb Zagreb Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city...
2010 2010 in athletics (track and field) In 2010 there was no obvious, primary athletics championship, as neither the Summer Olympics nor the World Championships in Athletics occurred in the year...	22.41		Eugene Eugene, Oregon Eugene is the second largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Lane County. It is located at the south end of the Willamette Valley, at the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette rivers, about east of the Oregon Coast.As of the 2010 U.S...

Women

Year	Distance	1968	19.61		Mexico City Mexico City Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
1969	20.43		Athens Athens Athens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...
1970	19.69		Erfurt Erfurt Erfurt is the capital city of Thuringia and the main city nearest to the geographical centre of Germany, located 100 km SW of Leipzig, 150 km N of Nuremberg and 180 km SE of Hannover. Erfurt Airport can be reached by plane via Munich. It lies in the southern part of the Thuringian...
1971	20.43		Moscow Moscow Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
1972	21.03		Munich Munich Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
1973	21.45		Varna Varna Varna is the largest city and seaside resort on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and third-largest in Bulgaria after Sofia and Plovdiv, with a population of 334,870 inhabitants according to Census 2011...
1974	21.57		Gottwaldov
1975	21.60		Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
1976	21.99		Opava Opava Opava is a city in the northern Czech Republic on the river Opava, located to the north-west of Ostrava. The historical capital of Czech Silesia, Opava is now in the Moravian-Silesian Region and has a population of 59,843 as of January 1, 2005....
1977	22.32		Nitra Nitra Nitra is a city in western Slovakia, situated at the foot of Zobor Mountain in the valley of the river Nitra. With a population of about 83,572, it is the fifth largest city in Slovakia. Nitra is also one of the oldest cities in Slovakia and the country's earliest political and cultural center...
1978	22.06		Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
1979	22.04		Potsdam Potsdam Potsdam is the capital city of the German federal state of Brandenburg and part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. It is situated on the River Havel, southwest of Berlin city centre....
1980 1980 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:*Olympic Boycott Games*Olympic Games*World Cross Country Championships-World Best Year Performance:-January:*January 1 — Masumi Aya, Japanese hammer thrower*January 2 — Yusuke Yachi, Japanese race walker...	22.45		Potsdam Potsdam Potsdam is the capital city of the German federal state of Brandenburg and part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. It is situated on the River Havel, southwest of Berlin city centre....
1981 1981 in athletics (track and field) -International events:*Asian Championships*Central American and Caribbean Championships*European Indoor Championships*South American Championships*World Cross Country Championships-100 metres:-200 metres:-400 metres:-800 metres:-1,500 metres:...	21.61		Potsdam Potsdam Potsdam is the capital city of the German federal state of Brandenburg and part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. It is situated on the River Havel, southwest of Berlin city centre....
1982 1982 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:*African Championships*Asian Games*Central American and Caribbean Championships*Commonwealth Games*European Championships*European Indoor Championships*World Cross Country Championships-Men:-Women:...	21.80		Potsdam Potsdam Potsdam is the capital city of the German federal state of Brandenburg and part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. It is situated on the River Havel, southwest of Berlin city centre....
1983 1983 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:*Asian Championships*Balkan Games*Central American and Caribbean Championships*European Indoor Championships*Mediterranean Games*Pan American Games*South American Championships*World Championships*World Cross Country Championships...	22.40		Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
1984 1984 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:*African Championships in Rabat, Morocco*Balkan Games in Athens, Greece*European Indoor Championships in Gothenburg, Sweden*World Cross Country Championships in New York, United States*Olympic Games in Los Angeles, United States-Men:...	22.53		Sochi Sochi Sochi is a city in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, situated just north of Russia's border with the de facto independent republic of Abkhazia, on the Black Sea coast. Greater Sochi sprawls for along the shores of the Black Sea near the Caucasus Mountains...
1985 1985 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Asian Championships* Balkan Games* Bolivarian Games* Central American and Caribbean Championships* European Indoor Championships* South American Championships* Pan Arab Games* World Cross Country Championships...	21.73		Erfurt Erfurt Erfurt is the capital city of Thuringia and the main city nearest to the geographical centre of Germany, located 100 km SW of Leipzig, 150 km N of Nuremberg and 180 km SE of Hannover. Erfurt Airport can be reached by plane via Munich. It lies in the southern part of the Thuringian...
1986 1986 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* Asian Games* Balkan Games* European Championships* European Indoor Championships* Commonwealth Games* Goodwill Games* World Junior Championships-Men:-Women:...	21.70		Tallinn Tallinn Tallinn is the capital and largest city of Estonia. It occupies an area of with a population of 414,940. It is situated on the northern coast of the country, on the banks of the Gulf of Finland, south of Helsinki, east of Stockholm and west of Saint Petersburg. Tallinn's Old Town is in the list...
1987 1987 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* All-Africa Games* Asian Championships* Central American and Caribbean Championships* European Indoor Championships* Mediterranean Games* Pan American Games* World Championships* World Indoor Championships...	22.63		Moscow Moscow Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
1988 1988 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Balkan Games* European Indoor Championships* Olympic Games* World Cross Country Championships* World Junior Championships-Men:...	22.55		Tallinn Tallinn Tallinn is the capital and largest city of Estonia. It occupies an area of with a population of 414,940. It is situated on the northern coast of the country, on the banks of the Gulf of Finland, south of Helsinki, east of Stockholm and west of Saint Petersburg. Tallinn's Old Town is in the list...
1989 1989 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Asian Championships* Balkan Games* Central American and Caribbean Championships* Bolivarian Games* European Indoor Championships* Jeux de la Francophonie* South American Championships...	20.82		Prague Prague Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
1990 1990 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Asian Games* Balkan Games* Central American and Caribbean Championships* Commonwealth Games* European Championships* European Indoor Championships* Goodwill Games* World Cross Country Championships...	21.66		Beijing Beijing Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
1991 1991 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* All-Africa Games* Asian Championships* Central American and Caribbean Championships* Mediterranean Games* Pan American Games* South American Championships* World Championships* World Cross Country Championships...	21.12		Frankfurt Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main , commonly known simply as Frankfurt, is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2010 population of 688,249. The urban area had an estimated population of 2,300,000 in 2010...
1992 1992 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* African Championships* Balkan Games* European Indoor Championships* Olympic Games* Pan Arab Games* World Cross Country Championships* World Junior Championships-Men:-Women:-100 metres:-200 metres:-400 metres:-800 metres:...	21.06		Barcelona Barcelona Barcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...
1993 1993 in athletics (track and field) -International events:* African Championships* Asian Championships* Bolivarian Games* Central American and Caribbean Games* Central American Championships* East Asian Games* Maccabiah Games* Mediterranean Games* Chinese National Games...	20.84		Moscow Moscow Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
1994 1994 in athletics (track and field) -International Events:* Asian Games* Balkan Games* Commonwealth Games* European Championships* European Indoor Championships* Jeux de la Francophonie* Goodwill Games* World Cross Country Championships* World Junior Championships-Women:...	20.54		Beijing Beijing Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
1995	21.22		Gothenburg Gothenburg Gothenburg is the second-largest city in Sweden and the fifth-largest in the Nordic countries. Situated on the west coast of Sweden, the city proper has a population of 519,399, with 549,839 in the urban area and total of 937,015 inhabitants in the metropolitan area...
1996	20.97		Duisburg Duisburg - History :A legend recorded by Johannes Aventinus holds that Duisburg, was built by the eponymous Tuisto, mythical progenitor of Germans, ca. 2395 BC...
1997	21.22		Hamburg Hamburg -History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
1998 1998 in athletics (track and field) This page shows the main events during the 1998 year in athletics throughout the world.-Championships:* African Championships* Asian Championships* Asian Games* Balkan Games* Central American and Caribbean Games* Commonwealth Games...	21.69		Budapest Budapest Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
1999 1999 in athletics (track and field) This page shows the main events during the 1999 year in athletics throughout the world.-International Events:* All-Africa Games* Balkan Games* Central American and Caribbean Championships* Pan American Games* Pan Arab Games...	20.26		Tula Tula, Russia Tula is an industrial city and the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia. It is located south of Moscow, on the Upa River. Population: -History:...
2000 2000 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2000.The primary athletics competition for the 2000 season was at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.-World:...	21.46		Moscow Moscow Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
2001 2001 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2001.The foremost competition of the season was the 2001 World Championships in Athletics in Edmonton, Canada...	20.79		Tula Tula, Russia Tula is an industrial city and the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia. It is located south of Moscow, on the Upa River. Population: -History:...
2002 2002 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2002.There was no primary championships that season, although continental championships were held in Africa, Asia and Europe. The foremost athletics competitions at...	20.64		Munich Munich Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
2003 2003 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2003.The foremost competition of the year was the 2003 World Championships in Athletics, followed by the 2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships...	20.77		Tula Tula, Russia Tula is an industrial city and the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia. It is located south of Moscow, on the Upa River. Population: -History:...
2004 2004 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2004.The major competition of the year was the 2004 Summer Olympics. At the event, Yelena Isinbayeva cleared a world record 4.91 m in the pole vault...	20.79		Tula Tula, Russia Tula is an industrial city and the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia. It is located south of Moscow, on the Upa River. Population: -History:...
2005 2005 in athletics (track and field) This page shows the main events during the 2005 year in athletics throughout the world.-World:* World Championships* World Athletics Final* World Cross Country Championships* World Half Marathon Championships* World Youth Championships...	21.09		Minsk Minsk - Ecological situation :The ecological situation is monitored by Republican Center of Radioactive and Environmental Control .During 2003–2008 the overall weight of contaminants increased from 186,000 to 247,400 tons. The change of gas as industrial fuel to mazut for financial reasons has worsened...
2006 2006 in athletics (track and field) The following events in athletics took place in 2006:-Championships:* March: 2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships * March: 2006 Commonwealth Games...	20.56		Minsk Minsk - Ecological situation :The ecological situation is monitored by Republican Center of Radioactive and Environmental Control .During 2003–2008 the overall weight of contaminants increased from 186,000 to 247,400 tons. The change of gas as industrial fuel to mazut for financial reasons has worsened...
2007 2007 in athletics (track and field) This article contains an overview of the sport of athletics, including track and field, cross country and road running, in the year 2007.-World:*World Championships in Athletics*World Athletics Final*World Cross Country Championships...	20.54		Osaka Osaka is a city in the Kansai region of Japan's main island of Honshu, a designated city under the Local Autonomy Law, the capital city of Osaka Prefecture and also the biggest part of Keihanshin area, which is represented by three major cities of Japan, Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe...
2008 2008 in athletics (track and field) -International events:*2008 Summer Olympic Games, held in Beijing, China*African Championships, held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia*European Cup, super league held in Annecy, France*World Indoor Championships, held in Valencia, Spain...	20.98		Minsk Minsk - Ecological situation :The ecological situation is monitored by Republican Center of Radioactive and Environmental Control .During 2003–2008 the overall weight of contaminants increased from 186,000 to 247,400 tons. The change of gas as industrial fuel to mazut for financial reasons has worsened...
2009 2009 in athletics (track and field) This page contains an overview of the year 2009 in athletics.The major competition of the year was the 2009 World Championships in Athletics. At the event, Usain Bolt reaffirmed himself as one of the world's foremost athletes with world records in the 100 and 200 metres...	21.07		Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Thessaloniki , historically also known as Thessalonica, Salonika or Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of the region of Central Macedonia as well as the capital of the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace...
2010 2010 in athletics (track and field) In 2010 there was no obvious, primary athletics championship, as neither the Summer Olympics nor the World Championships in Athletics occurred in the year...	20.95		Grodno

See also

• Pundo
  Pundo
  Pundo is a traditional Bhutanese sport. It is a game played by laymen and consists of throwing a stone weighing over a kilo as far as possible. The throwing movement is from the shoulder, with the stone held flat in the hand....
  
  
• Stone put
  Stone put
  The stone put is one of the main Scottish heavy athletic events at modern-day Highland games gatherings. Similar to the shot put, the stone put more frequently uses an ordinary stone or rock instead of a steel ball...
  
  
• World record progression shot put men
  World record progression shot put men
  The first world record in the men's shot put was recognised by the International Association of Athletics Federations in 1912. That inaugural record was the 15.54 m performance by Ralph Rose in 1909....
  
  
• World record progression shot put women
  World record progression shot put women
  The first world record in the women's shot put was recognised by the Fédération Sportive Féminine Internationale in 1924. The FSFI was absorbed by the International Association of Athletics Federations in 1936....