Sherghati
Encyclopedia
Sherghati is a subdivision-level town of the Gaya district
in Bihar
, India. The Morhar River surrounds it; that is why the length of the city is much more than the width.
An origin story says that Sher Shah Suri, formerly known as Farid Khan, had hunted a lion at this very place; subsequently Farid was known as Sher Khan, and when he became the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate
, defeating Humayun
, became Sher Shah. During British rule, Sherghati was a place of administrative importance as a Commissionary headquarters.
The economy of the town is based on trade. Sherghati is a famous market of crops. The farmers of the neighbouring villages come to sell their farm produce, and traders of crops buy them. N.H. 2 passes through the town. This road is also known as Grand Trunk Road
, touching Calcutta on the one side and Pashawar (Pakistan) on the other side. This road was renovated in 2007 under the Golden Quadrilateral Project of the Government of India.
A number of freedom fighters belomnged to this place. During the Indian Independence struggle, the residents of Sherghati contributed to the movement. The Zamindars of the town contributed by donating land during the Bhudan Movement.
There is one remarkable geographical incident associated with Sherghat. A meteorite
fell here in 1865; it is now kept in a London museum and is known as the Shergotty meteorite.
. The Kol
community constituted the majority of the adivasi population of Sherghati.
According to the legend, when Aurangzeb
attacked Sherghati after conquering Aurngabad
, the brave Kols of Sherghati stopped the Mughal
army at the bank of Morhar river and did not let them enter the borders of Sherghati. The two brave soldiers of the Mughal army under the Aurangzeb's rule, Quamar Ali and Sultan Ali were brought to death by the Kols. they were entombed river side near Hamzapur. Now this place is worshiped by both the Hindus and the Muslims. This is probably one the reasons why the towns that come after Sherghati while coming from Aurngabad retain their original adivasi names (Gamharia
,Dobhi, Barachatti, Chauparan
, etc.).
Later, during the British Raj these adivasis were involved in a series of revolts against the British
.
In 1934, a minor earthquake occurred in Sherghati but did not do much damage. In 1976, Sherghati was hit by a huge flood that claimed around 5-10 percent of the total area of Sherghati. The famous staircase well and the old jail-khana were submerged in that calamity.
The place near morhar river bank ,hamzapur is predominantly occupied by sunni muslims.the inhabitants of hamzapur are predominantly syeds.the road nh2 divides hamzapur in two parts.the caretaker of the old mosque ,syed fariduddin,an urdu poet and naatkhan is very much respected and helpful person .from marriages to funerals ,he handles aal the things without demanding money.he has written about 2000 eternal naats and kalaams which is read at times of milaad and other auspicious occasions
Sherghati is the southern most major town of Bihar. It shares the common boundary with the Chatra
district of Jharkhand. The thick forest belt of Jharkhand loses its presence while we reach Sherghati. It has two main rivers one is Morhar and the other is called Sorhar (boodhi nadi) or the old river. on bank of that river one village name mahmadpur settled, in that village Road , Electricity available . in 1995 village is connected to Telephone line.
, wheat
, pulses, groundnut
and sugar cane. Industrialization of this area, as is the case with most of Bihar, has largely been neglected by the successive state and central governments. The major reason for the private sector not participating in the process is the lack of basic facilities like electricity, irrigation and roads. Electricity, for example, is available for only 6 to 8 hours per day. This statistic is as per the present scenario, earlier (before 2000) it used to be 2 to 4 hours per day, with several days without any supply.
Around forty to fifty years back, the condition of industries in this area was far better comparatively. Since at that time most of the Indian villages did not have access to electricity, the cost of production for industries in Sherghati was almost the same as in other villages. But as soon as electricity reached the remote villages in other parts of the country, the industrialists (though small-scale) in Sherghati faced fierce competition from them, and this led to the closure of industries that had just started to flourish in this area. One typical example is the closure of Sheo Narayan Flour and Oil Mills, which was situated in the Gola Bazar area of Sherghati. It was started in the 1950s by Ram Sharan Prasad Arya, a local businessman. At that time there were only two or three oil mills in the entire Gaya District
. The entire plant was imported from England
via Calcutta. But the functioning of the mill was finally stopped in the 1980s after a series of interruptions.
At present there is probably no industry (even small-scale) in Sherghati that can boast of a considerable growth rate. Although Sherghati has potential to grow on this front, it still lacks in law and order implementation. Now some development witnessed the progress of the area especially in the communication. Entrepreneurship is the up and coming major employment sector of the area, and there are a few success stories.
(Maoist Communist Centre), PWG (Peoples War Group), etc. and their counterparts, the Ranvir Sena
.
In 1952, the Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act was passed, and a large portion of the Sherghati Estate (Darbar House), which was owned by Babu Panchratan Lal, Babu Brijmohan Lal and Shiv Prasad Rauniyar was handed over to the government. They were the zamindars of Sherghati region and occupied a lot of land in the area.still the famous and rich area of sherghati is darbar house (SPA). Babu Panchratan Lal's granddaughter Asha Rani is married to Siyaram Saran the fourth son of Acharya Ramlochan Saran
.
But the discontent of the underprivileged, landless and the unemployed sections remained even after the reforms. The crumbling industries give rise to extreme unemployment, in addition to the rapidly growing population. These people mostly belong to the SC/ST or the OBC. In most cases, they join the extremist organizations, mentioned earlier, as an alternative to earn their livelihoods.
ied
, Sherghati had a population of 32,358. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Sherghati has an average literacy rate of 56%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 62%, and female literacy is 56%. In Sherghati, 19% of the population is under 6 years of age.
1. Mishra Nursing Home - Situated in the Naya Bazar area of the city, it is the only maternity center which has all the modern facilities such as Sonography
, Autoanalyser
as well as well-equipped Operation Room and Labour Room. Doctors serving here are Dr. Suman Kumar Mishra and Dr.(Mrs.) Pratibha Dwivedi.
2. Dr. Choudhary Rajnandan Prasad - He is a well known pediatrician of Sherghati.
3. Dr. Arjun Choudhary - One of noted ophthalmologists of the area. He is also an Asst. Professor of Ophthalmology dept. in ANMCH, Gaya.
4. Dr. Sahabuddin - MBBS, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Posted At Subdivisional Hospital Sherghati, Clinic At- G.B. Road Sherghat
A noted general physician.
5. Dr. Mahesh Prasad Agrawal -- A well known general physician.
6. Dr. Uday Kumar - an eminent cardiac physician.
7. Manjushree Nurshing Home -- Situated in the Naya Bazar area of the city, near block office, with all the modern facilities. Doctor serving here is Dr. Uday Kumar M.D (MED).DNB Chief Medical Officer Referral Hospital Sherghati.
8. Dr. S. Kalamul Haque -- general physician, main road Sherghati, Gaya.
9. Dr. M.Z Khan -- general physician, Nima road Hamzapur Sherghati, Gaya.
Cadre and noted storyteller Prabhat Manjudarshi also hails from the Darbar House family.
Schools
Girls' schools
Training schools
Colleges
Gaya District
Gaya is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. The district is having a common boundary with the Jharkhand state in the south. Gaya city is its largest city and the district headquarters.-History:...
in Bihar
Bihar
Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....
, India. The Morhar River surrounds it; that is why the length of the city is much more than the width.
An origin story says that Sher Shah Suri, formerly known as Farid Khan, had hunted a lion at this very place; subsequently Farid was known as Sher Khan, and when he became the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate
Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi based kingdoms or sultanates, of Turkic origin in medieval India. The sultanates ruled from Delhi between 1206 and 1526, when the last was replaced by the Mughal dynasty...
, defeating Humayun
Humayun
Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early, but with Persian aid, he eventually regained an even larger one...
, became Sher Shah. During British rule, Sherghati was a place of administrative importance as a Commissionary headquarters.
The economy of the town is based on trade. Sherghati is a famous market of crops. The farmers of the neighbouring villages come to sell their farm produce, and traders of crops buy them. N.H. 2 passes through the town. This road is also known as Grand Trunk Road
Grand Trunk Road
The Grand Trunk Road also formerly known as Uttarapatha, Shah Rah-e-Azam or Sadak-e-Azam or Badshahi Sadak is one of South Asia's oldest and longest major roads...
, touching Calcutta on the one side and Pashawar (Pakistan) on the other side. This road was renovated in 2007 under the Golden Quadrilateral Project of the Government of India.
A number of freedom fighters belomnged to this place. During the Indian Independence struggle, the residents of Sherghati contributed to the movement. The Zamindars of the town contributed by donating land during the Bhudan Movement.
There is one remarkable geographical incident associated with Sherghat. A meteorite
Meteorite
A meteorite is a natural object originating in outer space that survives impact with the Earth's surface. Meteorites can be big or small. Most meteorites derive from small astronomical objects called meteoroids, but they are also sometimes produced by impacts of asteroids...
fell here in 1865; it is now kept in a London museum and is known as the Shergotty meteorite.
History
For centuries, until the accession of Akbar to the throne of Delhi, Sherghati had been inhabited by the adivasis that continue to live in the southern state of JharkhandJharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...
. The Kol
Kol (people)
The Kol people is a generic name for the Munda, Ho, and Oraon tribes of eastern India who live in the states of Jharkhand, Orissa, and West Bengal, and spread over into parts of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Tripura, Bangladesh, and Nepal.- Kol of Uttar Pradesh :The...
community constituted the majority of the adivasi population of Sherghati.
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
attacked Sherghati after conquering Aurngabad
Aurangabad, Bihar
Aurangabad is a city and a municipality in Aurangabad district in the state of Bihar, India. Aurangabad is the district headquarters of the Aurangabad district. It is situated on the Grand Trunk Road. The people of this region primarily speak Magahi. Due to lack of industrialization, people are...
, the brave Kols of Sherghati stopped the Mughal
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
army at the bank of Morhar river and did not let them enter the borders of Sherghati. The two brave soldiers of the Mughal army under the Aurangzeb's rule, Quamar Ali and Sultan Ali were brought to death by the Kols. they were entombed river side near Hamzapur. Now this place is worshiped by both the Hindus and the Muslims. This is probably one the reasons why the towns that come after Sherghati while coming from Aurngabad retain their original adivasi names (Gamharia
Gamharia
Made By:-Ghufran Ajmal Khan 18:34, 26 November 2011 Gamharia is a Village in Gaya district of Bihar, India. It is near about from Gaya situated on Sher Shah Suri Marg between Kolkatta and Delhi. It is surrounded by the Kamaun range. The current MLA of the area is Surendra Parsad Sinha. The main...
,Dobhi, Barachatti, Chauparan
Chauparan
Chauparan is a town in Hazaribagh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is located near the Jharkhand–Bihar border.-Geography:Chauparan is located at . It has an average elevation of .-Transport:Chauparan is on NH 2, Grand Trunk Road...
, etc.).
Later, during the British Raj these adivasis were involved in a series of revolts against the British
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...
.
In 1934, a minor earthquake occurred in Sherghati but did not do much damage. In 1976, Sherghati was hit by a huge flood that claimed around 5-10 percent of the total area of Sherghati. The famous staircase well and the old jail-khana were submerged in that calamity.
The place near morhar river bank ,hamzapur is predominantly occupied by sunni muslims.the inhabitants of hamzapur are predominantly syeds.the road nh2 divides hamzapur in two parts.the caretaker of the old mosque ,syed fariduddin,an urdu poet and naatkhan is very much respected and helpful person .from marriages to funerals ,he handles aal the things without demanding money.he has written about 2000 eternal naats and kalaams which is read at times of milaad and other auspicious occasions
Geography
Sherghati is located at 24.57°N 84.78°E. It has an average elevation of 121 metres (396 feet).Sherghati is the southern most major town of Bihar. It shares the common boundary with the Chatra
Chatra
Chatra is a genus of Moth in the family Lasiocampidae....
district of Jharkhand. The thick forest belt of Jharkhand loses its presence while we reach Sherghati. It has two main rivers one is Morhar and the other is called Sorhar (boodhi nadi) or the old river. on bank of that river one village name mahmadpur settled, in that village Road , Electricity available . in 1995 village is connected to Telephone line.
Industries
Like most of the towns in Bihar, Sherghati is prominently dominated by agri-based industries. The major cash crops produced here are riceRice
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...
, wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
, pulses, groundnut
Peanut
The peanut, or groundnut , is a species in the legume or "bean" family , so it is not a nut. The peanut was probably first cultivated in the valleys of Peru. It is an annual herbaceous plant growing tall...
and sugar cane. Industrialization of this area, as is the case with most of Bihar, has largely been neglected by the successive state and central governments. The major reason for the private sector not participating in the process is the lack of basic facilities like electricity, irrigation and roads. Electricity, for example, is available for only 6 to 8 hours per day. This statistic is as per the present scenario, earlier (before 2000) it used to be 2 to 4 hours per day, with several days without any supply.
Gaya District
Gaya is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. The district is having a common boundary with the Jharkhand state in the south. Gaya city is its largest city and the district headquarters.-History:...
. The entire plant was imported from England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
via Calcutta. But the functioning of the mill was finally stopped in the 1980s after a series of interruptions.
At present there is probably no industry (even small-scale) in Sherghati that can boast of a considerable growth rate. Although Sherghati has potential to grow on this front, it still lacks in law and order implementation. Now some development witnessed the progress of the area especially in the communication. Entrepreneurship is the up and coming major employment sector of the area, and there are a few success stories.
Land reforms
Sherghati has always been in the news for Communist uprisings in the area. Sherghati is the home of various extremist organizations like Naxalites, MCCMaoist Communist Centre
The Maoist Communist Centre was one of the largest two armed Maoist groups in India, and fused with the other, the People's War Group in September 2004, to form the Communist Party of India .-Dakshin Desh:...
(Maoist Communist Centre), PWG (Peoples War Group), etc. and their counterparts, the Ranvir Sena
Ranvir Sena
Ranvir Sena is a Right-wing upper-caste landlord militia mainly based in Bihar, India. This group is thought to be formed by Bhumihar landlords. It carries out actions against Dalits and other members of the scheduled caste community as well as the Naxalites. The Ranvir Sena have been connected to...
.
In 1952, the Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act was passed, and a large portion of the Sherghati Estate (Darbar House), which was owned by Babu Panchratan Lal, Babu Brijmohan Lal and Shiv Prasad Rauniyar was handed over to the government. They were the zamindars of Sherghati region and occupied a lot of land in the area.still the famous and rich area of sherghati is darbar house (SPA). Babu Panchratan Lal's granddaughter Asha Rani is married to Siyaram Saran the fourth son of Acharya Ramlochan Saran
Acharya Ramlochan Saran
Acharya Ramlochan Saran was a Hindi littérateur, grammarian and publisher. He founded the Pustak Bhandar in Laheriasarai and Patna in 1915, which made the little known place like Laheriasarai prominent in Indian publishing...
.
But the discontent of the underprivileged, landless and the unemployed sections remained even after the reforms. The crumbling industries give rise to extreme unemployment, in addition to the rapidly growing population. These people mostly belong to the SC/ST or the OBC. In most cases, they join the extremist organizations, mentioned earlier, as an alternative to earn their livelihoods.
ied
Demographics
India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Sherghati had a population of 32,358. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Sherghati has an average literacy rate of 56%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 62%, and female literacy is 56%. In Sherghati, 19% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Reporters
Some reporters from Shergati are:- Sudhindra Kumar Verma Aryan TV
- S.K.Ullah Hindustan
- Kaushlendra Kr. Danik Jagran
- Md. Ali Urdu Sahara
- Md. Faisal SANMARG
- Subedar Yadav Maurya TV
Health Services
There are many doctors and nursing homes in Sherghati.1. Mishra Nursing Home - Situated in the Naya Bazar area of the city, it is the only maternity center which has all the modern facilities such as Sonography
Obstetric ultrasonography
Obstetric sonography is the application of medical ultrasonography to obstetrics, in which sonography is used to visualize the embryo or foetus in its mother's uterus...
, Autoanalyser
Automated analyser
An automated analyser is a medical laboratory instrument designed to measure different chemicals and other characteristics in a number of biological samples quickly, with minimal human assistance....
as well as well-equipped Operation Room and Labour Room. Doctors serving here are Dr. Suman Kumar Mishra and Dr.(Mrs.) Pratibha Dwivedi.
2. Dr. Choudhary Rajnandan Prasad - He is a well known pediatrician of Sherghati.
3. Dr. Arjun Choudhary - One of noted ophthalmologists of the area. He is also an Asst. Professor of Ophthalmology dept. in ANMCH, Gaya.
4. Dr. Sahabuddin - MBBS, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Posted At Subdivisional Hospital Sherghati, Clinic At- G.B. Road Sherghat
A noted general physician.
5. Dr. Mahesh Prasad Agrawal -- A well known general physician.
6. Dr. Uday Kumar - an eminent cardiac physician.
7. Manjushree Nurshing Home -- Situated in the Naya Bazar area of the city, near block office, with all the modern facilities. Doctor serving here is Dr. Uday Kumar M.D (MED).DNB Chief Medical Officer Referral Hospital Sherghati.
8. Dr. S. Kalamul Haque -- general physician, main road Sherghati, Gaya.
9. Dr. M.Z Khan -- general physician, Nima road Hamzapur Sherghati, Gaya.
Education
The condition of the education machinery in Sherghati has become slightly better (at least at the school level) since the DAV Public School opened its branch in the town (around 1992). In spite of the dreary education system in Sherghati, there have been people who went places in search of higher studies. Aditya Prasad (of the Sherghati Darbar House) was among the first in the town to get a degree in engineering, in London in 1924. Subodh Kumar Gupta I.A.S. JharkhandJharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...
Cadre and noted storyteller Prabhat Manjudarshi also hails from the Darbar House family.
Schools
- Shastri High School (Previously Shastri Shikcha Nikketan)
- ABTECH Computers (Apna Bazar Sherghati)
- Bal Vikash Niketan (Satsang Nagar)
- Dr Zaheer Tishna Memorial School (co-educaion)
- BMC School, Ramna
- Royal Public School
- Ranglal High School
- DAV Public School (co-education)
- Rajkiya Abhyaas Buniyadi Vidyalay (Basic School)
- Gurukul Residential School
- Little Flower School
- Prakash Vidyalay
- Anugrah Narayan Shahdev High School (Gamhariya)
- Zenith Public School (Gamhariya)
- Urdu Public School ( Gamhariya )
- Ramlal & Syam Lal Sanskrit Vidyalaya (Mahmadpur)
- Gyan Deep Public School
- Heaven flower academy,jail road, hamzapur,sherghati
- Sir Syed Memorial SchoolSir Syed Memorial SchoolSir Syed Memorial School is an English medium theology-based residential school in India. It is in Karma, Bhadeya in Barachatti block of Gaya district on G.T Road...
, Karma, bhadeya
Girls' schools
- Manorama Kanya Pathshala
- Girls High School
Training schools
- District Training School (for teachers)
Colleges
- Mahant Shatanand Giri college
- colour craft- A School of Designing & Printing