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Serenity (film)



 
 
Serenity is a 2005
2005 in film

The year 2005 in film involved some significant events. Releases of sequels took place with movies like Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire,The Devil's Rejects, Saw II, Cheaper by the Dozen 2, ''The Ring Two, ''Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, ''xXx: State of the Union, ''Miss Congeniality 2: Armed and Fabulous...
 space western
Space western

Space Western is a subgenre of science fiction, primarily grounded in film and television, that transposes themes of American Old West books and film to a backdrop of futuristic space frontiers; it is the complement of the science fiction Western, which transposes science fiction themes onto an American Western setting....
 film
Film

Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the film industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects....
 written and directed by Joss Whedon
Joss Whedon

Joseph Hill "Joss" Whedon is an Academy Award-nominated and Hugo Award winning American writer, television director, executive producer, occasional actor, and creator and head writer of the well-known television programs Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Angel , Firefly , and Dollhouse ....
. It is considered a continuation of the canceled Fox
Fox Broadcasting Company

The Fox Broadcasting Company, commonly referred to as Fox and stylized as FOX, is an United States television network owned by Fox Entertainment Group, part of Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation....
 science fiction television
Science fiction on television

Science fiction first appeared on television during the golden age of science fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality; this makes television an excellent medium for science fiction, which in turn contributes to its...
 series Firefly
Firefly (TV series)

Firefly is an American science fiction television series created by writer/director Joss Whedon, creator of Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel , under his Mutant Enemy Productions....
, taking place about two months after the events of the final episode
Objects in Space

"Objects in Space" is the fourteenth and final episode of the science fiction on television television program Firefly created by Joss Whedon....
. Set 510 years in the future, Serenity is the story of the captain and crew of a transport and cargo ship
Cargo ship

A cargo ship or freighter is any sort of ship or vessel that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another. Thousands of cargo carriers ply the world's seas and oceans each year; they handle the bulk of international trade....
. The captain and first mate are veterans of the Unification War
Unification War

The Unification War is a major fictional event in the back story of Joss Whedon's television program, Firefly and its motion picture sequel, Serenity ....
, having fought on the losing side. Their lives of petty crime are interrupted by a psychic passenger who harbors a dangerous secret.

The film was released in North America on September 30, 2005 by Universal Pictures
Universal Pictures

This is a partial listing of films produced and/or distributed by Universal Pictures, the main film production company/distribution company arm of Universal Studios, a subsidiary of NBC Universal.List of films...
.






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Serenity is a 2005
2005 in film

The year 2005 in film involved some significant events. Releases of sequels took place with movies like Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire,
The Devil's Rejects, Saw II, Cheaper by the Dozen 2, ''The Ring Two, ''Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, ''xXx: State of the Union, ''Miss Congeniality 2: Armed and Fabulous...
 space western
Space western

Space Western is a subgenre of science fiction, primarily grounded in film and television, that transposes themes of American Old West books and film to a backdrop of futuristic space frontiers; it is the complement of the science fiction Western, which transposes science fiction themes onto an American Western setting....
 film
Film

Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the film industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects....
 written and directed by Joss Whedon
Joss Whedon

Joseph Hill "Joss" Whedon is an Academy Award-nominated and Hugo Award winning American writer, television director, executive producer, occasional actor, and creator and head writer of the well-known television programs Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Angel , Firefly , and Dollhouse ....
. It is considered a continuation of the canceled Fox
Fox Broadcasting Company

The Fox Broadcasting Company, commonly referred to as Fox and stylized as FOX, is an United States television network owned by Fox Entertainment Group, part of Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation....
 science fiction television
Science fiction on television

Science fiction first appeared on television during the golden age of science fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality; this makes television an excellent medium for science fiction, which in turn contributes to its...
 series Firefly
Firefly (TV series)

Firefly is an American science fiction television series created by writer/director Joss Whedon, creator of Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel , under his Mutant Enemy Productions....
, taking place about two months after the events of the final episode
Objects in Space

"Objects in Space" is the fourteenth and final episode of the science fiction on television television program Firefly created by Joss Whedon....
. Set 510 years in the future, Serenity is the story of the captain and crew of a transport and cargo ship
Cargo ship

A cargo ship or freighter is any sort of ship or vessel that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another. Thousands of cargo carriers ply the world's seas and oceans each year; they handle the bulk of international trade....
. The captain and first mate are veterans of the Unification War
Unification War

The Unification War is a major fictional event in the back story of Joss Whedon's television program, Firefly and its motion picture sequel, Serenity ....
, having fought on the losing side. Their lives of petty crime are interrupted by a psychic passenger who harbors a dangerous secret.

The film was released in North America on September 30, 2005 by Universal Pictures
Universal Pictures

This is a partial listing of films produced and/or distributed by Universal Pictures, the main film production company/distribution company arm of Universal Studios, a subsidiary of NBC Universal.List of films...
. It received generally positive reviews and opened at number two, taking in $10.1 million its first weekend, spending two weeks in the top ten, and totaling a domestic box office gross of $25.5 million and a foreign box office gross of $13.3 million. However, it did not make back its budget until its release on DVD. Serenity won film of the year awards from Film 2005
The Film programme

Film 2009 is a weekly film review show on BBC television, currently presented by Jonathan Ross. The first series was broadcast in 1972 in television under the title Film '72, and the title has been updated annually to match the year of broadcast....
 and FilmFocus
FilmFocus

FilmFocus is a British film website which has been running since January 2004. According to Alexa Internet data it is the second most popular film website in the United Kingdom behind Empire 's website....
. It also won IGN Film
IGN

IGN is a multimedia news and reviews website that focuses heavily on video games. Its corporate parent is IGN Entertainment, which owns and controls separate sites such as GameSpy, GameStats, Rotten Tomatoes and AskMen....
's Best Sci-Fi, Best Story and Best Trailer awards and was runner up for the Overall Best Movie. It also won the Nebula Award for Best Script
Nebula Award for Best Script

Winners of the Nebula Award for Best Script. The stated year is that of release; awards are given in the following year. Winning titles are listed first, with other nominees listed below....
 for 2005, the 7th annual 'User Tomato Awards' for best Sci-Fi movie of 2005 at Rotten Tomatoes
Rotten Tomatoes

Rotten Tomatoes is a website devoted to reviews, information, and news of films. The name derives from the historical clich? of throwing tomatoes and other produce at stage performers if a performance was particularly bad....
, the 2006 viewers choice Spacey Award for favorite movie, the 2006 Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form
Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form

The Hugo Awards are given annually by members of the World Science Fiction Convention for the best science fiction or fantasy works. The awards are named after Hugo Gernsback, the founder of the pioneering science fiction magazine Amazing Stories, and given in various categories....
 and the 2006 Prometheus Special Award
Prometheus Award

The Prometheus Award is an award for libertarian science fiction novels given out annually by the Libertarian Futurist Society, which also publishes a quarterly journal, Prometheus....
.

Serenity is unusual because it is a theatrical continuation of a canceled television show.

Plot

Five hundred years in the future, mankind has abandoned Earth and emigrated to a neighboring star system. In the place of national governments, the interplanetary Alliance
Alliance (Firefly)

The Alliance is fictional organization in the Serenity , a powerful Authoritarianism government and law-enforcement organization that controls the majority of territory within the known universe....
 wields tight political power over inhabitants of the wealthy "central planets", while life on the partially colonized "Outer Rim" planets resembles the lawlessness and desolation of the American Old West
American Old West

For cultural influences and their development, see Western .The American Old West or Wild West comprises the history, geography, peoples, lore, and cultural expression of life in the Western United States , most often referring to the period of the latter half of the 19th century, between the American Civil War and the end of th...
. In the depths of an Alliance facility, Simon Tam rescues his sister River Tam from her scientist captors, who experiment on her with hopes of harnessing her psychic
Telepathy

Telepathy describes the purported transfer of information on thoughts or feelings between individuals by means other than the Senses#Five classical senses ....
 abilities as a weapon. In hiding from the Alliance, the siblings eventually find safe harbor on the spacecraft Serenity, filled with a ragtag crew that makes a living by taking jobs of varying legality in the Outer Rim.

After a bank heist
Robbery

Robbery is the crime of seizing property through violence or intimidation. At common law, robbery is defined as taking the property of another, with the intent to permanently deprive the person of that property, by means of force or fear....
 on an Outer Rim planet is disrupted by a horde of feral, spacefaring cannibals known as Reavers
Reaver (Firefly)

Reavers are a fictional group of humans in the television series Firefly and the movie Serenity who live on the fringes of civilized space and have become animalistic....
, the crew narrowly escapes back to Serenity. Simon accosts the ship's captain, Malcolm "Mal" Reynolds
Malcolm Reynolds

Malcolm "Mal" Reynolds is a fictional character in the Serenity . Reynolds is played by actor Nathan Fillion in the 2002 TV series Firefly and the 2005 film Serenity ....
, protesting River's involvement in the raid and her exposure to danger, and declares that he and River will leave Serenity at the next spaceport.

The crew disembarks at a trading post and enters a bar to meet with Fanty and Mingo, the men who hired Serenity for the robbery. River wanders into the bar and observes a television advertisement in which the Alliance has embedded a subliminal message especially for River. It causes her to immediately and brutally attack the other patrons until Simon arrives and utters a code phrase, which renders River unconscious. Thoroughly confused, Mal takes River and Simon back to Serenity, where Simon reveals that River was conditioned to be an Alliance assassin. Mal contacts Mr. Universe, a reclusive techno-geek who analyzes the bar security camera footage and discovers that a subliminal message
Subliminal message

A subliminal message is a signal or message embedded in another medium, designed to pass below the normal limits of the human mind's perception....
 in the advertisement triggered River's attack. Unknown to the crew, the message was placed by the Operative, a self-described monster with no name or rank, assigned by the Alliance to retrieve River at all costs.

Mal receives a call from Inara Serra, a former passenger, asking for help with local unrest. Recognizing that he is entering a trap, Mal visits Inara and finally meets the Operative, who offers to release Mal if he surrenders River. Mal refuses and, following a vicious struggle with the Operative, escapes with Inara to Serenity. Aboard the ship, River reveals the existence of "Miranda
List of Firefly planets and moons

This is a list of fictional planets and natural satellite from the Firefly / Serenity fiction. In the show, they are also referred to simply, though somewhat less properly, as "worlds"....
", an Outer Rim planet deemed uninhabitable by the Alliance and located on the far side of a Reaver fleet. The crew discovers that the Operative has attacked all of Serenitys ports of refuge, killing their former shipmate Shepherd Book
Derrial Book

Derrial Book is a fictional character played by Ron Glass in the Science fiction/Western television series Firefly and its sequel movie, Serenity ....
 in the process. Stricken with guilt and vengeance, Mal overrides his crew's protests and disguises
Serenity as a Reaver vessel, allowing them to sneak through the Reaver fleet unmolested and land on Miranda, a planet that contains only corpse-filled cities despite being fully habitable. A holographic recording from Dr. Caron, a regretful Alliance scientist, explains that the Alliance attempted to bring peace to the population by filling the atmosphere with a drug designed to suppress aggression. The drug instead suppressed the people's motivation to do anything, and they died of starvation, while "about a tenth of a percent of the population had the opposite reaction" and became the hyper-violent Reavers. Mal declares his intentions to broadcast this message to the solar system via Mr. Universe's powerful transmitters, aware of the Operative and the certain trap that awaits them.

As the Operative mobilizes an Alliance fleet above Mr. Universe's station, Mal provokes the Reaver fleet into pursuing
Serenity and leads it into a massive space battle with the Alliance. With both sides distracted, Serenity, pursued by a Reaver ship and the Operative in an escape pod, crash-lands on the station, where they are surprised by Reavers, who kill pilot Wash. The crew enters the station and sets up defense positions, while Mal descends to transmit the Miranda message. As the crew's defense crumples beneath the Reaver assault, they retreat behind a blast door, which jams before it can close completely. With everyone wounded and ammunition low, River dives through the blast door and seals it. In the depths of the station, Mal is attacked by the Operative, whom he narrowly defeats and incapacitates, leaving the man to watch the broadcast of the Miranda message. As a wounded and exhausted Mal rejoins the crew, the blast door opens, revealing River standing victorious amid piles of dead Reavers. Alliance troops burst onto the scene, but the Operative, his faith in the Alliance shattered by the Miranda message, orders the soldiers to stand down.

The crew buries their deceased friends (Wash, Book, and Mr. Universe) and repairs
Serenity. As the ship prepares to leave, the Operative approaches Mal and warns him of possible retaliation by the Alliance. Mal returns to Serenity
s cockpit and with his new co-pilot River, blasts into space.

Cast

Serenity Cast
  • Nathan Fillion
    Nathan Fillion

    Nathan Fillion is a Canadian actor known for his lead role as Captain Malcolm Reynolds in the television series Firefly and his role as Joey Buchanan on One Life to Live....
     as Malcolm "Mal" Reynolds
    Malcolm Reynolds

    Malcolm "Mal" Reynolds is a fictional character in the Serenity . Reynolds is played by actor Nathan Fillion in the 2002 TV series Firefly and the 2005 film Serenity ....
    : A former sergeant on the losing side of the Unification War
    Unification War

    The Unification War is a major fictional event in the back story of Joss Whedon's television program, Firefly and its motion picture sequel, Serenity ....
    , he struggles to survive free and independent of the Alliance. Captain Malcolm Reynolds was named #18 in TV Guide
    TV Guide

    TV Guide is the name of a North American weekly magazine about Broadcast programming.In addition to TV listings, the publication features television-related news, celebrity interviews, gossip and film reviews....
    's "25 Greatest Sci-fi Legends" list in 2004.
  • Gina Torres
    Gina Torres

    Gina Torres is an United States television and film actor. She is known for her roles in science fiction and fantasy. She has appeared in many television series, including MADtv, Hercules: The Legendary Journeys , Xena: Warrior Princess , the short-lived Cleopatra 2525, as well as Alias , Firefly , Angel , The...
     as Zoe Washburne (nee Alleyne): A former corporal who fought under Mal in the war, and Wash's wife. She is fiercely loyal to Mal, whom she addresses as "sir".
  • Alan Tudyk
    Alan Tudyk

    Alan Wray Tudyk is an United States actor. He is known for his roles as Simon in the black comedy Death at a Funeral and Steve the Pirate in Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story....
     as Hoban "Wash" Washburne: The pilot of the ship, and Zoe's husband. He often acts as a voice of reason on the ship.
  • Morena Baccarin
    Morena Baccarin

    Morena Baccarin is a Brazilian Actor of Italo Brazilian origins, best known for her roles as Inara Serra in the short-lived role in the science fiction television program Firefly , and as Adria in Stargate SG-1....
     as Inara Serra: A Companion
    Companion (Firefly)

    In the television series Firefly and its feature film sequel Serenity , a Companion is a skilled, well-educated and well-respected member of a guild of professional courtesans/entertainers, somewhat similar to Japanese oiran or Ancient Greece hetaerae....
     who formerly rented one of Serenity's shuttles. In one of the Operative's traps, Mal is reunited with Inara at her training house, and the two escape back to Serenity.
  • Adam Baldwin
    Adam Baldwin

    Adam Baldwin is an American actor, not related to the Baldwin brothers. He is known for his roles as Animal Mother in Stanley Kubrick's Full Metal Jacket, Ricky Linderman in My Bodyguard, Knowle Rohrer in The X-Files, and Marcus Hamilton in Joss Whedon's Angel ....
     as Jayne Cobb: A mercenary skilled with weapons, Jayne is often the "main gun" for jobs and is someone who can be depended on in a fight. He seems dumb, but may be smarter than he lets on. As Whedon states several times, he is the person that will ask the questions that no one else wants to.
  • Jewel Staite
    Jewel Staite

    Jewel Belair Staite is a Canadian actor, who portrayed Kaylee Frye in Firefly and Serenity , and Jennifer Keller on Stargate Atlantis....
     as Kaywinnit Lee "Kaylee" Frye: the ship's mechanic, has an intuitive, almost symbiotic, relationship with machines and is, consequently, something of a mechanical wizard. She is also notable for a persistently bright and sunny disposition.
  • Sean Maher
    Sean Maher

    Sean Maher is an United States actor, best known for his role as Simon Tam in the short-lived science fiction television series Firefly ....
     as Simon Tam: Simon is River's loving brother who helped rescue her from the Alliance. He and River are taken in by the crew of Serenity. A trauma surgeon before the rescue, he serves as a doctor to the crew. His life is defined by his sister's needs.
  • Summer Glau
    Summer Glau

    Summer Lyn Glau is an American dancer and actor, known for playing River Tam in the short-lived science fiction series Firefly and follow-up movie Serenity , and for playing Cameron in the series Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles....
     as River Tam: River is a seventeen-year old psychic genius. She and her brother are taken in by the crew of Serenity after he rescues her from an Alliance Academy where her brain was "Toyed with". The Alliance's pursuit of River acts as the film's motive impulse. But, more abstractly, the film is the "story of Mal as told by River".
  • Ron Glass
    Ron Glass

    Ron Glass is an United States actor. He is known for his roles as the witty Detective Ron Harris in the television sitcom Barney Miller , and as the spiritual Shepherd Derrial Book in the science fiction series Firefly and its sequel film Serenity ....
     as Shepherd Derrial Book
    Derrial Book

    Derrial Book is a fictional character played by Ron Glass in the Science fiction/Western television series Firefly and its sequel movie, Serenity ....
    : A shepherd, or preacher, with a mysterious past, Book was once a passenger on Serenity, but now resides on the planet Haven. Mal and the crew look to him for help.
  • Chiwetel Ejiofor
    Chiwetel Ejiofor

    Chiwetel Ejiofor, Order of the British Empire , is a British actor....
     as The Operative
    List of minor characters in the Firefly universe

    This article is about fictional characters in the television program Firefly ....
    : A ruthless, intelligent employee of the Alliance assigned to track down River and Simon. Although Ejiofor was on the top of the casting director's list for the role, the studio wanted someone better known. Whedon, however, was eventually able to cast Ejiofor.
  • David Krumholtz
    David Krumholtz

    David Krumholtz is an United States actor. He currently stars in the CBS television show Numb3rs....
     as Mr. Universe
    List of minor characters in the Firefly universe

    This article is about fictional characters in the television program Firefly ....
    : A "techno-geek" with good relations with the crew of Serenity, especially Wash, Mr. Universe lives with his "love-bot" wife and monitors incoming signals from around the universe.


Production


Development

The film is based on Firefly, a television series cancelled by Fox television in December 2002, after 11 of its 14 produced episodes had aired. When attempts to have another network acquire the show failed, creator Joss Whedon attempted to sell it as a film. Through a business connection, he was introduced to Mary Parent
Mary Parent

Mary Parent is a producer for and former President of Production for Universal Studios. There, she was responsible for Meet the Fockers, The_Bourne_Supremacy_ , Serenity_ , and other films....
 with Universal Pictures
Universal Pictures

This is a partial listing of films produced and/or distributed by Universal Pictures, the main film production company/distribution company arm of Universal Studios, a subsidiary of NBC Universal.List of films...
, who immediately signed on after watching the episodes on DVD. By June 2003, actors Nathan Fillion
Nathan Fillion

Nathan Fillion is a Canadian actor known for his lead role as Captain Malcolm Reynolds in the television series Firefly and his role as Joey Buchanan on One Life to Live....
 and Adam Baldwin
Adam Baldwin

Adam Baldwin is an American actor, not related to the Baldwin brothers. He is known for his roles as Animal Mother in Stanley Kubrick's Full Metal Jacket, Ricky Linderman in My Bodyguard, Knowle Rohrer in The X-Files, and Marcus Hamilton in Joss Whedon's Angel ....
 confirmed the deal on the official Firefly forum, as did Whedon in several interviews.

Writing

After Universal Studios acquired the movie rights to Firefly from Fox, Whedon began writing the screenplay. His task was to explain the premise of a television series that few had seen without boring new viewers or longtime fans. He based his story on original story ideas for Fireflys unfilmed second season. Whedon's original script was 190 pages, and attempted to address all major plot points introduced in the series. After presenting the script to Universal under the title "The Kitchen Sink", Whedon was asked to cut down the script to a size filmable under his budget constraints. Universal planned to begin shooting in October 2003, but delays in finishing the script postponed the start of shooting to June 2004.

The opening sequence shifts perspectives several times, from a traditional narrative to that of a schoolroom which is later revealed to be River's disjointed memories. Whedon said in the DVD commentary that the approach works thematically as well, since it depicts River's fractured state of mind. Once the narrative reaches
Serenity herself, Whedon uses a long tracking shot
Long take

A long take is an uninterrupted shot in a film which lasts much longer than the conventional editing pace either of the film itself or of films in general, usually lasting several minutes....
 of several minutes to establish "safety", as well as (re-)introduce every character aboard ship and touch on their personality and motivations.

Filming

Universal, while on board with the movie, was not willing to spend the typical $100 million for a story set in space. Whedon convinced them he could do it for less money, without filming in Canada, and do it in 50 days, instead of the usual 80. On March 3, 2004 the movie was officially given the greenlight
Greenlight

To greenlight a project is to give permission or a go ahead to move forward with a project. In the context of the Film industry and Television programs#Development businesses, to greenlight something is to formally approve its Film production finance, thereby allowing the project to move forward from the development to pre-production and pri...
 to enter production and was revealed to have a budget of under $40 million. Typically, production of a movie would try to save money by not filming in Los Angeles
Los Ángeles

Los ?ngeles is the Capital of the Biob?o Province, in the municipality of the same name, in Regions of Chile VIII , in the center-south of Chile....
, but Whedon insisted on staying local, and hiring a local union crew.

Principal photography began on June 3, 2004. Joss Whedon said that the film would be titled
Serenity, in order to differentiate it from the TV series. (Whedon also mentions in the Serenity DVD commentary that Fox still owned the rights to the name 'Firefly'). All nine principal cast members from the television series (Adam Baldwin
Adam Baldwin

Adam Baldwin is an American actor, not related to the Baldwin brothers. He is known for his roles as Animal Mother in Stanley Kubrick's Full Metal Jacket, Ricky Linderman in My Bodyguard, Knowle Rohrer in The X-Files, and Marcus Hamilton in Joss Whedon's Angel ....
, Alan Tudyk
Alan Tudyk

Alan Wray Tudyk is an United States actor. He is known for his roles as Simon in the black comedy Death at a Funeral and Steve the Pirate in Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story....
, Gina Torres
Gina Torres

Gina Torres is an United States television and film actor. She is known for her roles in science fiction and fantasy. She has appeared in many television series, including MADtv, Hercules: The Legendary Journeys , Xena: Warrior Princess , the short-lived Cleopatra 2525, as well as Alias , Firefly , Angel , The...
, Jewel Staite
Jewel Staite

Jewel Belair Staite is a Canadian actor, who portrayed Kaylee Frye in Firefly and Serenity , and Jennifer Keller on Stargate Atlantis....
, Morena Baccarin
Morena Baccarin

Morena Baccarin is a Brazilian Actor of Italo Brazilian origins, best known for her roles as Inara Serra in the short-lived role in the science fiction television program Firefly , and as Adria in Stargate SG-1....
, Nathan Fillion
Nathan Fillion

Nathan Fillion is a Canadian actor known for his lead role as Captain Malcolm Reynolds in the television series Firefly and his role as Joey Buchanan on One Life to Live....
, Ron Glass
Ron Glass

Ron Glass is an United States actor. He is known for his roles as the witty Detective Ron Harris in the television sitcom Barney Miller , and as the spiritual Shepherd Derrial Book in the science fiction series Firefly and its sequel film Serenity ....
, Sean Maher
Sean Maher

Sean Maher is an United States actor, best known for his role as Simon Tam in the short-lived science fiction television series Firefly ....
, and Summer Glau
Summer Glau

Summer Lyn Glau is an American dancer and actor, known for playing River Tam in the short-lived science fiction series Firefly and follow-up movie Serenity , and for playing Cameron in the series Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles....
) returned for the movie. Stunt coordinator Chad Stahelski, a student of Jeet Kune Do under Dan Inosanto, created a customised fighting style for Summer Glau to use in the film's fight scenes. It was a hybrid of Kung Fu, kickboxing
Kickboxing

refers to the sport of using martial-arts-style kicks and boxing-style punches to defeat an opponent in a similar way to that of standard boxing. Kickboxing is a standing sport and does not allow continuation of the fight once a combatant has reached the ground....
 and elements of ballet
Ballet

Ballet is a formalized type of performative dance, the origins of which date lay in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century France courts, and which was further developed in England, Italy, and Russia as a concert dance form....
, all combined to create a "balletic" martial art.

One cost-cutting item that could not be reused from the television show was the original set of the interior of the spaceship
Serenity, which had to be entirely rebuilt using frozen images from the Firefly DVD set. The set for the failed colony, Miranda, was filmed on location at Diamond Ranch High School
Diamond Ranch High School

Diamond Ranch High School is a high school operated by the Pomona Unified School District in California, USA, located on the hills where Diamond Bar, California and Phillips Ranch , California meet....
 in Pomona, California. (The building into which the Alliance ship is crashed is the DRHS Band and Orchestra's rehearsal room.)

On September 17, 2004, Whedon announced on the movie's official website that shooting had been completed.

Design

Nathan Fillion Gun
The film appears to have been influenced by the post-American Civil War
American Civil War

The American Civil War , also known as the War Between the States and several Naming the American Civil War, was a civil war in the United States....
 Reconstruction period, with Malcolm Reynolds facing obstacles similar to those of landless Southerners competing against carpetbagger
Carpetbagger

In United States history, carpetbaggers was the term southerners gave to northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction era of the United States, between 1865 and 1877....
s and elite
Elite

Elite is taken originally from the Latin, eligere, "to elect". In sociology as in general usage, the elite is a relatively small dominant Group within a large society, which enjoys a privileged status envied by individuals of lower social status....
s, and, it has been suggested, the Reavers standing in for the Indians. Renowned comic book artist Bernie Wrightson
Bernie Wrightson

Bernie "Berni" Wrightson is an American artist known for his horror fiction illustrations and comic books....
, co-creator of
Swamp Thing
Swamp Thing

Swamp Thing is a fictional character created by Len Wein and Berni Wrightson for DC Comics and featured in a long-running horror-fantasy Swamp Thing comics of the same name....
, contributed concept drawings for the Reavers
Reaver (Firefly)

Reavers are a fictional group of humans in the television series Firefly and the movie Serenity who live on the fringes of civilized space and have become animalistic....
. Other comic book artists who contributed to the production design include Joshua Middleton
Joshua Middleton

Joshua Middleton is a comic book artist currently signed exclusive to DC Comics. He was nominated for an Eisner Award in 2004 for his cover artwork for Marvel Comics....
 and Leinil Francis Yu
Leinil Francis Yu

Leinil Francis Yu is a Philippines comic book artist, who began working for the United States market through Wildstorm Productions. In an interview published in Marvel's Daily Bugle newsletter, he described his style as "Dynamic Pseudo-Realism."...
 (
Visual Companion).

Serenity costumes are influenced by Wild West style: natural materials such as wool, cotton, and leather in drab earth tones predominate. Some clothing also reflects an east, south, and southeast Asian and Indian fusion of color and beauty as well as influences from the American Civil War, late 19th century as well as the 1930s depression era. Mal's suspenders are strongly influenced by a World War II design. The clothing of the Alliance
Alliance (Firefly)

The Alliance is fictional organization in the Serenity , a powerful Authoritarianism government and law-enforcement organization that controls the majority of territory within the known universe....
 organization within the series (in reality, reused uniforms from
Starship Troopers
Starship Troopers (film)

Starship Troopers is a 1997 in film Academy Award nominated science fiction film-action film directed by Paul Verhoeven, written by Edward Neumeier, and starring Casper Van Dien, Dina Meyer and Denise Richards....
) is monolithically monochromatic, similar to the uniforms of the Galactic Empire
Galactic Empire (Star Wars)

The Galactic Empire is one of the main factions in the Star Wars fictional universe. It is a tyranny, Star Wars galaxy-spanning regime established by the series' lead villain, Palpatine, to replace the Galactic Republic in Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith....
 in the
Star Wars
Star Wars

Star Wars is an epic film space opera Media franchise initially conceived by George Lucas. The first film in the franchise was simply titled Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, but later had the subtitle Episode IV: A New Hope added to distinguish it from its sequels and prequels....
films. Serenity appears to be influenced by Western genre
Western (genre)

The Western is a fiction genre seen in film, television, radio, literature, painting and other visual arts. Westerns are devoted to telling stories set primarily in the later half of the 19th century in what became the Western United States , but also in Western Canada, Mexico , Alaska and even Australia ....
 set design, in particular, entertainment programs set in the West
American Old West

For cultural influences and their development, see Western .The American Old West or Wild West comprises the history, geography, peoples, lore, and cultural expression of life in the Western United States , most often referring to the period of the latter half of the 19th century, between the American Civil War and the end of th...
 during the 1970s and 1980s such as
Little House on the Prairie
Little House on the Prairie (TV series)

Little House on the Prairie is an United States one-hour dramatic television program that aired on the NBC network from September 11, 1974, to March 21, 1983, bumping the long-running Adam-12 series to Tuesday nights....
. The cramped interior of the Serenity ship itself appears to be strongly influenced by the "the future looks worn down" precedent set by the famous fictional Star Wars spaceship the Millennium Falcon
Millennium Falcon

File:Millennium Falcon.jpgThe Millennium Falcon is a fictional spacecraft in the Star Wars universe commanded by smuggler Han Solo and his Wookiee first mate, Chewbacca ....
but devolved even further. In a similar vein to the film Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope
Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope

Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope is an Cinema of the United States 1977 in film space opera film, written and directed by George Lucas. It was the first of six films released in the Star Wars saga: Star Wars#Original trilogy continue the story, while a Star Wars#Prequel trilogy contributes backstory, primarily for the troubled charac...
, Serenity goes for an occasional underdone look, or "used future", as Star Wars creator George Lucas
George Lucas

George Walton Lucas, Jr. is an Academy Award-nominated United States film director, film producer, screenwriter and chairman of Lucasfilm Ltd. He is best known for being the creator of the Epic film Sci-Fi franchise Star Wars and the archaeologist-adventurer character Indiana Jones....
 refers to it.

This future envisioned in
Serenity has two political and cultural centers: Anglo-American and Chinese. Characters all speak English and Mandarin
Mandarin (linguistics)

Mandarin , is a category of related Chinese dialects spoken across most of northern and south-western China. When taken as a separate language, as is often done in academic literature, the Mandarin language has more native speakers than any other language....
, with the latter language reserved for the strongest curse words. While these two are the dominant languages of the film, other languages are also spoken in the
Firefly / Serenity universe, including Russian (spoken by Simon during the movie). The safeword phrase that Simon uses to shut River down, "Eta kuram na smekh", is a Russian expression ("??? ????? ?? ????"). Literally, it means, "That's for chickens to laugh at" — a Russian idiom for "That's ridiculous".

Visual effects

Ffmuleskiff
As the budget for the film was considerably smaller than for other films, practical special effects were used as much as possible: if a CGI
Computer-generated imagery

Computer-generated imagery is the application of the field of computer graphics or, more specifically, 3D computer graphics to special effects in films, television programs, Television commercials, simulators and simulation generally, and printed media....
 composite was required, as many tangible sets and props as possible were constructed to minimize the use of CGI effects. The most technically challenging scene was the mule skiff chase. For budgetary reasons, a gimbal
Gimbal

A gimbal is a pivoted support that allows the rotation of an object about a single axis. A set of two gimbals, one mounted on the other with pivot axes orthogonal, may be used to allow an object mounted on the innermost gimbal to remain immobile regardless of the motion of its support....
 and CGI, much like those used in the pod race in
Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace
Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace

Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace is a 1999 in film space opera film written and directed by George Lucas. It was the fourth film to be released in the Star Wars saga and the first in terms of Dates in Star Wars....
, were quickly ruled out, creating a challenge for the production team to find an alternative. Instead, the crew fashioned a trailer with a cantilevered arm attached to the "hovercraft" and shot the scene while riding up Templin Highway
Templin Highway

Templin Highway is a two-lane road in Los Angeles County, California, United States that connects Interstate 5 and the old Golden State Highway with the north end of Castaic Lake....
 north of Santa Clarita.
Serenity visual effects supervisor Loni Peristere stated in a Los Angeles Times article, "Traditionally this would have been, like, a 30-day shoot. I think we did it in five." Zoic Studios
Zoic Studios

Zoic Studios - written as ZOIC - is a special effects company based in Culver City, California which primarily deals with computer generated special effects for movies and television....
, the CG-rendering company that produced the graphics for the series, had to perform a complete overhaul of their computer model of
Serenity, as the television model would not stand up to the high-definition scrutiny of cinema screens (and High-definition video
High-definition video

High-definition video or HD video generally refers to any video system of higher than Standard-definition_television, most commonly at display resolutions of 1280?720 or 1920?1080 ....
 resolution).

Musical score

The film's musical score was composed by David Newman
David Newman (composer)

David Newman is an United States composer known particularly for his music for the film.Newman was born in Los Angeles, California to the late Cinema of the United States composer Alfred Newman....
, and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony
Hollywood Studio Symphony

The Hollywood Studio Symphony is the credited name of the symphony orchestra behind many major soundtrack, including The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe , We Are Marshall, Spider-Man 2, and Lost ....
 under Newman's direction. According to director Joss Whedon's sleeve notes for the album, Newman was recommended by Universal's music executives when he requested a musician capable of "everything". Whedon's directions to Newman for the
Serenity theme were that he wanted something homemade and mournful that would let viewers know that they were now "home" and evoke the idea of the pioneer, when everyone only had what they could carry. The official soundtrack
Serenity (soundtrack)

The soundtrack to the 2005 in film motion picture Serenity was released on September 27, 2005. The film's score was composed by David Newman , and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony under Newman's direction....
 was released on CD on September 27, 2005. It is of note that the acoustic guitar version of the
Ballad of Serenity, which was used at the end of the film's credits, is absent from the soundtrack.

Release

Hoping to generate buzz through early word-of-mouth, Universal launched an unprecedented 3-stage campaign to sneak-preview the then-unfinished movie in 35 US cities where the television series had earned high Nielsen Ratings
Nielsen Ratings

Nielsen Ratings are audience measurement developed by the AC Nielsen Company, to determine the audience size and composition of broadcast programming....
. The first stage of screenings was held in 10 cities on May 5, 2005. The second stage, held on May 26, 2005, added an additional 10 cities and was also the source of controversy when individual theaters began selling tickets before the official announcement was made, leading some shows to be sold out before being announced. The third round of screenings, with an additional 15 cities, was held on June 23, 2005. The screenings proved a success, with all three stages selling out in less than 24 hours, the second-stage screening in Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C. , formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D.C., is the Capital of the United States, founded on July 16, 1790....
 sold out in a mere 22 minutes and the second screening in Phoenix sold out in 8.

Australian audiences were the first outside North America to get preview screenings. After an exclusive Sydney
Sydney

Sydney is the List of cities in Australia by population in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 4.34 million . It is the List of Australian capital cities of New South Wales, and was the site of the first British Empire colony in Australia....
 test screening, Melbourne
Melbourne

Melbourne is the more common name for the geographic region and Census in Australia of the Greater Melbourne metropolitan area. It is the second List of cities in Australia by population in Australia, with a population of approximately 3.8 million and serves as the List of Australian capital cities of Victoria ....
 held a public screening on July 21, 2005. This was followed by a film festival screening on the Gold Coast
Gold Coast, Queensland

The Gold Coast is a city and Local Government Areas of Australia in the South East Queensland corner of Queensland, Australia. It is the second most populous city in the state and the List of cities in Australia by population in the country....
 on July 22, 2005. Public preview screenings were held in Adelaide
Adelaide

Adelaide is the List of Australian capital cities and most populous city of the Australian States and territories of Australia of South Australia, and is the fifth-largest city in Australia, with a population of more than 1.1 million....
 and Sydney
Sydney

Sydney is the List of cities in Australia by population in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 4.34 million . It is the List of Australian capital cities of New South Wales, and was the site of the first British Empire colony in Australia....
 on August 1, 2005, and Perth
Perth, Western Australia

Perth is the List of Australian capital cities and largest city of the Australian States and territories of Australia of Western Australia. With a population of 1,554,769 , Perth ranks fourth amongst the nation's cities, with a growth rate consistently above the national average....
 on August 4, 2005. Further screenings were held in Victoria
Victoria (Australia)

File:Map Victoria Aboriginal tribes .jpgVictoria is a States and territories of Australia located in the southeastern corner of Australia. It is the smallest mainland state in area but the most Population density and urbanised....
, Tasmania
Tasmania

Tasmania is an Australian island and States and territories of Australia of the same name. It is located south of the eastern side of the continent, being separated from it by Bass Strait....
, and Queensland
Queensland

Queensland is a States and territories of Australia of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory to the west, South Australia to the south-west and New South Wales to the south....
 in late August. There had been a screening of the unfinished film in February 2005 at the British Film Institute in London. This version of the film had a temporary score, including movements from Braveheart, as well as some unrendered effects and scenes which were later deleted. The audience comprised industry professionals and fans.

A showing of the finished film billed as the "Gala Premiere" was held at the Edinburgh International Film Festival
Edinburgh International Film Festival

The Edinburgh International Film Festival is an annual fortnight of cinema screenings and related events taking place each June. Established in 1947, it claims to be the world's oldest continually running film festival....
 on August 22, 2005, followed by an interview with Whedon the next day, and preview screenings across the United Kingdom and Ireland on August 24, 2005, in London
London

London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the most populous municipality in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, History of London goes back to its founding by the Roman Empire....
, Birmingham
Birmingham

Birmingham is a city status in the United Kingdom and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands of England. Birmingham is the most populous of England's English Core Cities Group, and is the List of United Kingdom cities by population British city after London, with a population of 1,010,200 ....
, Manchester
Manchester

Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. Manchester was granted City status in the United Kingdom in 1853....
 and Dublin
Dublin

Dublin is both the largest city and capital of Republic of Ireland. It is located near the midpoint of Ireland's east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey and at the centre of the Dublin Region....
. Several of the screenings in all the countries featured the attendance of Joss Whedon and the film's cast, followed by a Q&A session with the audience. Whedon also attended two Q&A sessions after sold-out screenings of the finished film in Melbourne
Melbourne

Melbourne is the more common name for the geographic region and Census in Australia of the Greater Melbourne metropolitan area. It is the second List of cities in Australia by population in Australia, with a population of approximately 3.8 million and serves as the List of Australian capital cities of Victoria ....
 and Sydney
Sydney

Sydney is the List of cities in Australia by population in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 4.34 million . It is the List of Australian capital cities of New South Wales, and was the site of the first British Empire colony in Australia....
 on September 12, 2005 and September 13, 2005.

The trailer also generated considerable buzz on the internet. It was uploaded on April 26, 2005 and by April 28, 2005, it topped the Yahoo Buzz Index. On October 5, 2005, Universal made the first nine minutes of
Serenity available online. A browser plug-in allowed the viewer to see the opening of the film in full-screen broadcast quality (bandwidth
Bandwidth (computing)

In computer networking and computer science, digital bandwidth, network bandwidth or just bandwidth is a measure of available or consumed data communication resources expressed in bit/s or multiples of it ....
 permitting). The clip was removed a few weeks later.

Serenity was also the first motion picture to be screened digitally, fully DCI
Digital Cinema Initiatives

Digital Cinema Initiatives, LLC or DCI is a joint venture of major motion picture studios, formed to establish a standard systems architecture for digital cinema systems....
-compliant.

Marketing

Several tie-in products were released to promote the film; The novelization of the film was written by Keith R. A. DeCandido
Keith R. A. DeCandido

Keith Robert Andreassi DeCandido is an American sci-fi and fantasy writer.While DeCandido is best known for his Star Trek fiction, he has written tie-ins for other popular sci-fi and fantasy series as well, such as Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Doctor Who, Supernatural , Andromeda and Farscape, as well as comic books...
, and published by Simon & Schuster
Simon & Schuster

Simon & Schuster, Inc., a division of CBS Corporation, is a publisher founded in New York City in 1924 by Richard L. Simon and M. Lincoln Schuster....
 imprint Pocket Star Books
Pocket Books

Pocket Books is a division of Simon & Schuster that primarily publishes paperback books.Pocket produced the first mass-market, pocket-sized paperback books in America in early 1939 and revolutionized the publishing industry....
 on 2005-09-01.
Serenity: The Official Visual Companion was written by Joss Whedon, published by Titan Books
Titan Books

Titan Publishing Group is an independently owned publishing company, established in 1981. It is based at offices in London's Bankside area, close to Tate Modern....
, and released on September 1, 2005 in paperback. It contained the film's screenplay, along with other supplemental features such as concept art, film images, and a map of the universe. A role-playing game
Role-playing game

A role-playing game is a game in which the participants assume the roles of fictional characters. Participants determine the actions of their characters based on their characterization, and the actions succeed or fail according to a role-playing game system of rules and guidelines....
 entitled
Serenity
Serenity (role-playing game)

Serenity Role Playing Game is a science fiction role-playing game released in 2005 in games and set in the fictional universe of the movie Serenity and television series Firefly ....
, published by Margaret Weis Productions, Ltd
Margaret Weis Productions, Ltd

Margaret Weis Productions, Ltd is a publisher.It published Serenity Role-playing game in late 2005 to coincide with the release of Joss Whedon's feature film Serenity based on the television series Firefly ....
, was released in 2005. This was followed by
Serenity: Out in the Black by Tracy and Laura Hickman.

A three-issue comic book
Comic book

A comic book is a magazine or book of narrative artwork and dialog and descriptive prose. The style was introduced in 1934. Despite the term, comic books do not necessarily feature humorous subject-matter; in fact, it is often serious and action-oriented....
 series entitled
Serenity: Those Left Behind
Serenity: Those Left Behind

Serenity: Those Left Behind is a 2005 in comics three-issue comic book limited series published by Dark Horse Comics. It was written by Brett Matthews with Joss Whedon credited for story, illustrated by Will Conrad, and colored by Laura Martin....
was released from June through September 2005. It was intended to bridge the gap between the end of the television series and the beginning of the film. The comic was written by Joss Whedon and Brett Matthews, illustrated by Will Conrad and Laura Martin
Laura Martin

Laura DePuy Martin is an artist, probably best known for her work as a freelance colorist in the comic book industry....
, and published by Dark Horse Comics
Dark Horse Comics

Dark Horse Comics is one of the largest independent United States comic book publishers, behind dominant publishers Marvel Comics and DC Comics....
. The story focuses on the crew of
Serenity taking a salvage job from Badger following a botched theft on a backwater planet, and the pursuit of River by the ominous blue-gloved men seen in the television series. In March through May 2008, a new Serenity miniseries, titled Serenity: Better Days
Serenity: Better Days

Serenity: Better Days is a 2008 in comics three-issue comic book miniseries published by Dark Horse Comics, based on the 2002 in television science fiction television series Firefly , and the 2005 in film feature film into which it was adapted, Serenity ....
, was released, relating a heist where everything goes right and the crew finds themselves in a rare place: on easy street. The adventure takes place "before the movie and before certain people were iced"; i.e., in the timeframe of Firefly.

R. Tam sessions
Universal also employed a viral marketing
Viral marketing

Viral marketing and viral advertising refer to marketing techniques that use pre-existing social networks to produce increases in brand awareness or to achieve other marketing objectives through self-replicating Viral phenomenon processes, analogous to the spread of virus and computer viruses....
 campaign, producing five short videos that were released on the internet between August 16, 2005 and September 5, 2005. These short films, known as the "R. Tam sessions
R. Tam sessions

The R. Tam sessions are a series of five short videos released by Joss Whedon over the internet, which were set within his fictional Firefly universe....
", depicted excerpts of counseling sessions with the character River Tam while she was being held at a "learning facility" known only as "The Academy". The counselor in these sessions is played by Joss Whedon himself. Taking place before the events of the film or the television series, the videos shed some light on the experiments and torture "The Academy" conducted on River. They "document" her transformation from a shy child prodigy to the mentally unstable character of the television series.

Home video


Serenity was initially released on home video in North America on December 20, 2005. It was released on Region 1
DVD region code

DVD video discs may be encoded with a region code restricting the area of the world in which they can be played. Discs without region coding are called all region or region 0 discs....
 DVD
DVD

DVD, also known as "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc,"is a popular optical disc data storage device media format. Its main uses are video and data storage....
, UMD
Universal Media Disc

The Universal Media Disc is an optical disc medium developed by Sony for use on the PlayStation Portable. It can hold up to 1.8 gigabytes of data....
, and VHS
VHS

The Video Home System, better known by its abbreviation VHS, is a recording and playing standard developed by JVC and launched in Europe and Asia in September 1976, and the United States in June 1977....
, and the DVD quickly went to #1 in sales on Amazon.com
Amazon.com

Amazon.com, Inc. is an American electronic commerce company in Seattle, Washington. It is America's largest online retailer, with nearly three times the internet sales revenue of runner up Staples, Inc....
. It also spent two weeks in the top ten on
Billboard
s Top DVD Sales charts, peaking at #3. As of January 15, 2006, the DVD/VHS rentals of the film had grossed around $9,190,000. Included as extras on the DVD are an audio commentary by Joss Whedon, deleted scenes and outtakes, and several short documentaries. These documentaries include "Future History: The Story of Earth That Was", "What's in a Firefly", and "Re-Lighting the Firefly". Also included is a short introduction to the film by Joss Whedon, and an easter egg
Easter egg (media)

A virtual Easter egg is an intentional hidden message, in-joke or feature in an object such as a film, book, Compact disc, DVD, computer program, web page or video game....
 that features a small featurette on the "Fruity Oaty Bar" commercial. NASA
NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an agency of the Federal government of the United States, responsible for the nation's public list of space agencies....
 astronaut
Astronaut

An astronaut or cosmonaut is a person trained by a List of human spaceflight programs to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft....
 Steven Swanson
Steven Swanson

Steven Ray Swanson is an United States engineer and a NASA astronaut. Swanson is married and has 3 children. Steven has received numerous awards and honors....
, a fan of the show, took the Region 1 Firefly and Serenity DVDs with him on Space Shuttle Atlantis
Space Shuttle Atlantis

Space Shuttle Atlantis is one of the three currently operational Space Shuttle orbiter in the Space Shuttle fleet of NASA, the space agency of the United States....
' STS-117
STS-117

STS-117 was a Space Shuttle mission flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis, launched from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 of the Kennedy Space Center on June 8, 2007....
 mission, which lifted off on Saturday June 9, 2007. The DVDs will permanently reside on the International Space Station
International Space Station

The International Space Station is a research facility Assembly of the International Space Station in outer space. On-orbit construction of the station began in 1998, and is scheduled to be complete by 2011, with operations continuing until around 2015....
 as a form of entertainment for the station's crews.

The film was released as a two-disc set in Australia (Region 4) and parts of Europe (Region 2) on February 8, 2006. This version included new features, in addition to the supplemental material found on the North American (Region 1) release. At present, disc 2 is exclusive only to Australia and Benelux — Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg. It was released in Germany as part of the special edition However, other international territories may decide to release the 2nd disc as well. Added material for disc 1 includes "A Filmmaker's Journey: Journey with Joss from Script to Screen", which is available on all international DVDs, but not the US version. Added material for disc 2 includes a Joss Whedon Q&A session filmed at FOX Studios in Sydney, extended scenes, and two documentaries entitled "Take a Walk on Serenity" and "The Green Clan". An "exclusive collector's tin" version of Serenity was released for the two disk edition by the EzyDVD chain of stores in Australia.

Serenity was released on HD DVD
HD DVD

HD DVD is a discontinued high-density optical media optical disc format for storing data and high-definition video.HD DVD was supported principally by Toshiba, and was envisaged to be the successor to the standard DVD format....
 on April 18, 2006, and was one of the first films to be released on the format. It ranked in the later 100s on Amazon.com
Amazon.com

Amazon.com, Inc. is an American electronic commerce company in Seattle, Washington. It is America's largest online retailer, with nearly three times the internet sales revenue of runner up Staples, Inc....
 in top selling DVDs. Given the low demand for HD DVDs at that point, this is quite notable. The disc included all of the bonus features found on the original Region 1 disc. As of November 29, 2006 Serenity was the fifteenth highest-selling HD DVD. After the title key for Serenity was copied from a software player
AACS encryption key controversy

The AACS encryption key controversy, also known as the AACS cryptographic key controversy and the HD DVD encryption key controversy, arose in April 2007 when the Motion Picture Association of America and the Advanced Access Content System Licensing Administrator, LLC began issuing demand letters to websites publishing a 128-bit n...
 (as documented in Muslix64's ) and posted on the internet as a riddle, the film soon became the first HD DVD release to be released on the BitTorrent network on January 12, 2007. The pirated release was a 19.6 GB 1080p
1080p

1080p is the shorthand name for a category of HDTV video modes. The number "1080" represents 1,080 lines of vertical Display resolution , while the letter p stands for progressive scan ....
 VC-1
VC-1

VC-1 is the informal name of the SMPTE 421M video codec standard initially developed by Microsoft. It was released on April 3, 2006 by SMPTE. It is now a supported standard for HD DVDs, Blu-ray Discs, and Windows Media Video 9....
 .EVO file with 5.1 DDPlus encoded sound. Although many other releases soon followed after the discoveries in muslix64's thread, Serenitys marked the beginning of widespread HD DVD pirating.

A two-disc Collector's Edition DVD of the film was released for Region 1 on August 21, 2007. According to Whedon, the excellent sales figures for the "Normal Edition" DVD allowed this release. The DVD included all of the once-Australian-exclusive bonus features, sans the Joss Whedon Q&A session filmed at Fox Studios in Sydney, and with new content including a DTS 5.1 surround track, a second commentary with Whedon, Nathan Fillion, Adam Baldwin, Summer Glau and Ron Glass, the R. Tam sessions (dubbed "Session 416"), and the
Sci-Fi Inside: Serenity documentary. Universal Pictures redesigned the film's official website to reflect the new DVD set.

On Tuesday, December 30, 2008, Serenity was released on Blu-ray Disc.

Charity screenings

Beginning in January 2006, fans (with Universal's blessing) began organizing charity screenings of
Serenity to benefit Equality Now
Equality Now

Equality Now is a non-governmental organization that works to protect the human rights of women around the world. The group provides an international framework for spreading awareness of issues and providing support to local grassroots groups working to address issues of concern to it....
, a human rights organization supported by Joss Whedon. By mid-June, 41 such screenings had been confirmed for cities in Australia, Canada, England, New Zealand, and the United States, and as of June 19, 2006, there were 47 scheduled screenings. The project was referred to as "Serenity Now/Equality Now" on the official website, is often referred to in shortened form as "Serenity Now", and was coordinated through "Can't Stop The Serenity" [sic]. The event was repeated in 2007 (where it reportedly raised considerably more than the original 2006 screenings) and 2008. Over $250,000 has been raised for Equality Now since 2006. Another repetition of the event is planned for 2009 with a goal of raising $155,000.

Reception


Box office performance

Despite critical acclaim and Internet buzz,
Serenity performed poorly at the box office. Although several pundits predicted a #1 opening, the film opened at #2 in the United States, taking in $10.1 million its first weekend, spending two weeks in the top ten, and closed on November 17, 2005 with a domestic box office gross of $25.5 million. Movie industry analyst Brandon Gray described Serenity
s box office performance as "like a below average genre picture".

Serenitys international box office results were mixed, with strong openings in the UK, Portugal and Russia, but poor results in Spain, Australia, France and Italy. Universal International Pictures canceled the film's theatrical release in at least seven countries, planning to release it directly to DVD instead. The box office income outside the United States was $13.3 million, with a worldwide total of $38.8 million, slightly less than the film's $39 million budget, which does not include the promotion and advertising costs.

Critical reception

Serenity received mostly positive reviews from film critics, with a "fresh" rating of 81% from the movie review website Rotten Tomatoes
Rotten Tomatoes

Rotten Tomatoes is a website devoted to reviews, information, and news of films. The name derives from the historical clich? of throwing tomatoes and other produce at stage performers if a performance was particularly bad....
, which compiles reviews from a wide range of film critics. Ebert and Roeper gave the film a "Two Thumbs Up" rating, and
The San Francisco Chronicle called it "a triumph", while The New York Times
The New York Times

The New York Times is an American daily newspaper published in New York City. The largest metropolitan newspaper in the United States, "The Gray Lady"?named for its staid appearance and style?is regarded as a national newspaper of record....
described it as a modest but superior science fiction film. Science fiction author Orson Scott Card
Orson Scott Card

Orson Scott Card is an United States author, critic and public speaking. He writes in several genres, but is primarily known for his science fiction....
 called
Serenity "the best science fiction film ever", further stating "If Ender's Game
Ender's Game

Ender's Game is a science fiction novel by United States author Orson Scott Card. The book originated as the novella "Ender's Game ", published in the August 1977 issue of Analog Science Fiction and Fact....
can't be this kind of movie, and this good a movie, then I want it never to be made. I'd rather just watch Serenity again."

However, some reviewers felt the film was unable to overcome its television origins, and did not successfully accomplish the transition to the big screen.
USA Today
USA Today

'USA TODAY' is a national United States daily newspaper published by the Gannett Company. It was founded by Allen Neuharth. The paper has the widest newspaper circulation of any newspaper in the United States , and among English-language broadsheets, it comes second worldwide, behind only the 2.6 million daily paid copies of The Times of...
wrote that "the characters are generally uninteresting and one-dimensional, and the futuristic Western-style plot grows tedious" while Variety
Variety (magazine)

Variety is a weekly entertainment trade newspaper founded in New York in 1905 by Sime Silverman. With the rise of the importance of the motion picture industry, Daily Variety, a daily edition based in Hollywood, was founded by Silverman in 1933....
declared that the film "bounces around to sometimes memorable effect but rarely soars".

Awards

  • Film of the year awards from Film 2005
    The Film programme

    Film 2009 is a weekly film review show on BBC television, currently presented by Jonathan Ross. The first series was broadcast in 1972 in television under the title Film '72, and the title has been updated annually to match the year of broadcast....
     and FilmFocus
    FilmFocus

    FilmFocus is a British film website which has been running since January 2004. According to Alexa Internet data it is the second most popular film website in the United Kingdom behind Empire 's website....
    .
  • IGN Film's Best Sci-Fi, Best Story and Best Trailer awards and runner up to Batman Begins
    Batman Begins

    Batman Begins is a 2005 superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character Batman, directed by Christopher Nolan. It stars Christian Bale as Batman, along with Michael Caine, Gary Oldman, Liam Neeson, Katie Holmes, Cillian Murphy, Morgan Freeman, Ken Watanabe, Tom Wilkinson, and Rutger Hauer....
    for the Overall Best Movie
  • Won the 7th annual 'User Tomato Awards' for best Sci-Fi movie of 2005 at Rotten Tomatoes
    Rotten Tomatoes

    Rotten Tomatoes is a website devoted to reviews, information, and news of films. The name derives from the historical clich? of throwing tomatoes and other produce at stage performers if a performance was particularly bad....
    .
  • Won Nebula Award for Best Script
    Nebula Award for Best Script

    Winners of the Nebula Award for Best Script. The stated year is that of release; awards are given in the following year. Winning titles are listed first, with other nominees listed below....
     for 2005.
  • 2006 viewers choice Spacey Award for favorite movie.
  • Voted as the best film of 2006 by the writers for the website Box Office Prophets
    Box Office Prophets

    Box Office Prophets is a web site that contains movie-related features and information. Debuting on July 25, 2001, the site is a de facto sequel to the now-defunct the-prophets.com, a movie web site started in 1998....
     and it came 12th Best film of 2006 in the website's readers poll.
  • Won Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form at the 2006 Hugo Awards.
  • SyFy Genre Awards
    SyFy Genre Awards

    The SyFy Genre Awards, considered one of the first major virtual entertainment awards, is a product of the science fiction and fantasy Web site SyFy Portal....
     2006:
    • Best Movie Runner-Up
    • Best Actor/Movie Runner-Up: Nathan Fillion
    • Best Actress/Movie Runner-Up: Summer Glau
  • SFX magazine
    SFX magazine

    SFX is a United Kingdom magazine devoted to science fiction and fantasy subjects, especially media-related topics, but not containing fiction....
    s best sci-fi movie of all time.


Themes and cultural allusions

While the film depicts the Alliance as an all-powerful, authoritarian-style regime, Whedon is careful to point out that it is not so simple as that. "The Alliance isn't some evil empire", he explains, but rather a largely benevolent bureaucratic force. The Alliance's main problem is that it seeks to govern everyone, regardless of whether they desire to belong to the central government or not. What the crew of Serenity, and specifically Mal and his lifestyle, represent is the idea that people should have the right to make their own decisions, even if those decisions are bad.

The Operative embodies the Alliance and is, as Whedon described, the "perfect product of what's wrong with the Alliance". He is someone whose motives are to achieve a good end, a "world without sin". The Operative believes so strongly in this idea that he willingly compromises his humanity in furtherance of it. In contrast, Mal is, at the movie's beginning, a man who has lost all faith. By the end of the movie, however, Mal has finally come to believe in something—individual liberty—so strongly that he becomes willing to lay down his life to preserve it. Whedon has said that the most important line in the film is Mal's contented promise to the Operative at its climax: "I'm going to show you a world without sin." Whedon's point is that a world without sin is a world without choice, and that choice is ultimately what defines humanity.

Joss Whedon said in the DVD commentary track that the planet "Miranda" was named for Shakespeare's
William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare was an English people poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's preeminent dramatist....
 Miranda in The Tempest, who says in Act V, scene I: "O brave new world, / That has such people in't!" The Alliance had hoped that Miranda would be a new kind of world, filled with peaceful, happy people, and represents the "inane optimism of the Alliance". The Fruity Oaty Bar commercial is partially inspired by Mr. Sparkle, the mascot of a fictional brand of dish-washing detergent, who was featured in The Simpsons
The Simpsons

The Simpsons is an Television in the United States animated cartoon Situation comedy created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company....
 episode "In Marge We Trust
In Marge We Trust

"In Marge We Trust" is the twenty-second episode of The Simpsons The Simpsons , which originally aired April 27, 1997. It was written by Donick Cary and directed by Steven Dean Moore....
". Whedon also mentions, in a hidden feature on the Serenity DVD, that when the Fruity Oaty Bar commercial was being designed, he constantly asked the animators to redesign it and make it even more bizarre than the previous design, until it arrived at the version presented on screen.

Sequels

Fans of Firefly had hoped that if Serenity were successful, it might lead either to a revival of the television series or a film franchise (colloquially referred to as the "Big Damn Trilogy", or BDT). The former was always unlikely, since Fox still owns the Firefly television rights and Joss Whedon reportedly refused to work for Fox again (though he has since agreed to write and produce the television series Dollhouse
Dollhouse (TV series)

Dollhouse is an United States science fiction television series created by Joss Whedon. It premiered February 13, 2009 on Fox Broadcasting Company....
 for the network). Fans' hopes for further theatrical films appear to have been partially dashed by Serenitys mediocre box office showing. Whedon has stated that if a sequel is made, he hopes to address the character Book's backstory and deal with Jubal Early, a bounty hunter character assumed dead at the end of Firefly. The first major sequel rumor began on December 1, 2005, when IGN Filmforce
IGN

IGN is a multimedia news and reviews website that focuses heavily on video games. Its corporate parent is IGN Entertainment, which owns and controls separate sites such as GameSpy, GameStats, Rotten Tomatoes and AskMen....
 reported that Universal had expressed an interest in making a
Serenity TV movie for broadcast on the Sci Fi Channel
Sci Fi Channel (United States)

Sci Fi Channel, often stylized SCI FI Channel, is an American cable television channel, launched on September 24, 1992, that specializes in science fiction, fantasy, horror film, and paranormal programming....
 (which is owned by Universal), and eventual DVD sale. It was expected that commissioning of a television sequel would be contingent on strong DVD sales of
Serenity. In a January 2006 interview, Whedon doubted the chances of a sequel. On June 23, 2006 a number of fans organized and spread word of "Serenity Day", on which all fans were proposed to purchase a copy of Serenity in an attempt to convince Universal that a sequel would be profitable. The significance of this day was that June 23, 2006 was the one-year anniversary of the third and final advance screening of Serenity prior to its release, as well as Joss Whedon's birthday. The impact of the event could be seen from Serenity reaching #2 in the Amazon DVD Charts, the highest ranking the DVD had reached since January 16, 2006.

On October 1, 2006, Whedon posted a comment to the Whedonesque.com
Whedonesque.com

Whedonesque.com is a collaborative weblog devoted to the works of Joss Whedon. At its inception in 2002, Whedonesque covered Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel , but has since expanded to follow Whedon's ongoing professional output, as well as the careers of cast and crew associated with Whedon projects....
 website, responding to a rumor that he was currently working on a sequel to
Serenity. He wrote,
"There's no sequel, no secret project regarding Serenity or somesuch and I'm not even sure how anyone thought there was talk there. I've seen Nathan and Tim (and Summer and Alan) recently because they're my friends because I'm so, yeah, awesome. So let's put that to bed and smother it with a pillow."
Whedon's response to the rumor consequently sparked many websites to publish articles stating that he would never work on a sequel to
Serenity. Whedon again returned to Whedonesque.com to respond to the new stories and wrote,
"Holy Mother of Oats! I turn my back for five minutes (that's how long it takes to admire my lovely back) and the interweb goes banoonoos! Isn't there any ACTUAL news to get wrong? Sorry about all this; it might be best if I just stay off the computer for a while....Here's a thing: when Firefly was cancelled, my heart got broke. Sounds a bit much, but it changed me. Not even Serenity could patch that wound. I'm wearier, warier -- after all those years as a movie writer, you'd think I'd be prepared for another lesson on my unimportance in the scheme of things, but I wasn't....All these rumor of projects or the death of projects... When the two worlds align and something actually happens, whatever it is, you guys know I'll be on this site as soon as I'm allowed to be. And I'll be very very clear. There is no news. Not never, just now."


In an interview at the 2007 Comic-Con
Comic-Con International

Comic-Con International: San Diego, commonly known as Comic-Con or the San Diego Comic-Con, is an annual multigenre fan convention founded as the Golden State Comic Book Convention and later the San Diego Comic Book Convention in 1970 by Shel Dorf and a group of San Diegans....
, Whedon stated that he believes hope for a sequel rests in the sales of the Collector's Edition DVD. In an August 2007 interview with Amazon.com prior to the Collector's Edition DVD release, Whedon stated "It's still on my mind, I mean, but I don't know if mine is the only mind that it's on." He later said "You know, whether or not
anybody who's involved would be available at that point—everybody's working, I'm happy to say—is a question, but whether I would want to do another one is not a question." On October 4, 2007, Alan Tudyk
Alan Tudyk

Alan Wray Tudyk is an United States actor. He is known for his roles as Simon in the black comedy Death at a Funeral and Steve the Pirate in Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story....
 suggested in an interview that Universal was considering another film due to DVD sales. Although Joss Whedon later discounted Tudyk's statement as being "wishful thinking", Tudyk is still hopeful a sequel will be made.

See also

  • Firefly (TV series)
    Firefly (TV series)

    Firefly is an American science fiction television series created by writer/director Joss Whedon, creator of Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel , under his Mutant Enemy Productions....
  • Serenity (comics)
    Serenity (comics)

    Several comic book stories have been released under the Serenity title, set in the fictional universe created for Joss Whedon's Firefly television series and Serenity film....


External links

  • - Official website
  • - Official Australian website
  • at Wikia
    Wikia

    Wikia is a selective free web hosting service for wikis operated by Wikia, Inc., a for-profit Delaware corporation founded in late 2004.Wikia targets community, both those established on-line and off-line and those with a virtual community....
  • - Fan site documents the R. Tam sessions viral marketing campaign