Sequani

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Sequani

Sequani, in ancient geography, were a Gallic

Gallic

Gallic is an adjective that may refer to:*Gaul, from which the name derives, a region of Europe roughly corresponding to modern France, but also comprising parts of modern northern Italy, Belgium, western Switzerland and parts of the Netherlands and Germany....
people who occupied the upper basin of the Arar (Saone

Saône

The Sa?ne is a river of eastern France. It is a right tributary of the River Rh?ne River . Rising at Viom?nil in the Vosges department, it joins the Rh?ne in Lyon ....
), their territory corresponding to Franche-Comté

Franche-Comté

Franche-Comt? the former County of Burgundy, as distinct from the neighbouring Duchy of Burgundy, is an regions of France and a Provinces of France of eastern France....
and part of Burgundy. Before the arrival of Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar

'Gaius Julius Caesar' , July 13, 100 BC ? March 15, 44 BC,) was a Roman Republic military and political leader. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
in Gaul

Gaul

Gaul is the name used for the region of Western Europe comprising part of present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the River Rhine....
, the Sequani had taken the side of the Arverni

Arverni

Category:Tribes involved in Caesar's Gallic WarsThe Arverni were a Gallic tribe that inhabited the present-day region of Clermont-Ferrand, France....
against their rivals the Aedui

Aedui

Aedui, Haedui or Hedui , are Gallic people of Gallia Lugdunensis, who inhabited the country between the Arar and Liger , in today's France....
and hired the Suebi

Suebi

The Suebi or Suevi were a group of Germanic peoples who were first mentioned by Julius Caesar in connection with Ariovistus' campaign, c....
under Ariovistus

Ariovistus

Ariovistus was a leader of the Suebi and other allied Germanic peoples in the second quarter of the 1st century BC. He and his followers took part in a war in Gaul, assisting the Arverni and Sequani to defeat their rivals the Aedui, and settled in large numbers in conquered Gallic territory in the Alsace region, but were defeated in the Battl...
to cross the Rhine

Rhine

File:Swiss Grand Canyon.jpgThe Rhine is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe, at , with an average discharge of more than ....
and help them (71 BC).

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Sequani, in ancient geography, were a Gallic

Gallic

Saône

Franche-Comté

Julius Caesar

Gaul

Arverni

Category:Tribes involved in Caesar's Gallic WarsThe Arverni were a Gallic tribe that inhabited the present-day region of Clermont-Ferrand, France....
against their rivals the Aedui

Aedui

Aedui, Haedui or Hedui , are Gallic people of Gallia Lugdunensis, who inhabited the country between the Arar and Liger , in today's France....
and hired the Suebi

Suebi

The Suebi or Suevi were a group of Germanic peoples who were first mentioned by Julius Caesar in connection with Ariovistus' campaign, c....
under Ariovistus

Ariovistus

Rhine

File:Swiss Grand Canyon.jpgThe Rhine is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe, at , with an average discharge of more than ....
and help them (71 BC). But although his assistance enabled them to defeat the Aedui, the Sequani were worse off than before, for Ariovistus deprived them of a third of their territory and threatened to take another third, while subjugating them into semi-slavery.

The Sequani then appealed to Caesar, who drove back the Germanic tribesmen (58 BC), but at the same time obliged the Sequani to surrender all that they had gained from the Aedui. This so exasperated the Sequani that they joined in the revolt of Vercingetorix

Vercingetorix

Vercingetorix , born around 82 BC, died 46 BC, was tribal chief of the Arverni, originating from the Arvernian city of Gergovia and known as the man who led the Gauls in their ultimately unsuccessful war against Roman republic rule under Julius Caesar....
(52 BC) and shared in the defeat at Alesia

Alesia

Alesia may refer to:*the city of Alesia in Gaul*the Battle of Alesia*the Al?sia in the Paris M?tro*rue d'Al?sia, Paris*le Carrefour Al?sia, popular name for Place H?l?ne et Victor Basch, Paris...
. Under Augustus, the district known as Sequania formed part of Belgica. After the death of Vitellius

Vitellius

Aulus Vitellius Germanicus, born Aulus Vitellius and commonly known as Vitellius , was a Roman Emperors who reigned from 16 April 69 to 22 December of the same year....
(69 CE), the inhabitants refused to join the Gallic revolt against Rome instigated by Gaius Julius Civilis

Gaius Julius Civilis

Gaius Julius Civilis was the leader of the Batavian rebellion against the Romans in 69. By his nomen, it can be told that he was made a Roman citizen by either Augustus or Caligula....
and Julius Sabinus

Julius Sabinus

Julius Sabinus was a Gaul of the Lingones at the time of the Batavian rebellion of AD69. He claimed to be the great-grandson of Caesar on the grounds that his great-grandmother had been Caesar's lover during the Gallic war....
, and drove back Sabinus, who had invaded their territory. A triumphal arch at Vesontio (Besançon

Besançon

Besan?on , is the capital and principal city of the Franche-Comt? Regions of France in eastern France, with approximately 220,000 inhabitants in the aire urbaine in 1999....
), which in return for this service was made a colony, possibly commemorates this victory.

Diocletian

Diocletian

Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus , born Diocles and commonly known as Diocletian , was Roman Emperor from November 20, 284 to May 1, 305....
added Helvetia

Helvetia

File:Zweifranken.jpgFile:Picswiss BS-53-07.jpgHelvetia is the Ancient Rome name for an ancient region of central Europe occupying a plateau between the Swiss Alps and the Jura Mountains....
, and part of Germania Superior to Sequania, which was now called Provincia Maxima Sequanorum, Vesontio receiving the title of Metropolis civitas Vesontiensium. Fifty years later, Gaul was overrun by the barbarians, and Vesontio sacked (355

355

Events...
). Under Julian

Julian the Apostate

Flavius Claudius Julianus, known also as Julian or Julian the Apostate , was Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty. He was the last non-Christian Roman Emperor, and expended much energy during his reign attempting to supplant the growing power of Christianity within the empire with officially revived Religion in ancient Rom...
, it recovered some of its importance as a fortified town, and was able to withstand the attacks of the Vandals

Vandals

The Vandals were an East Germanic tribe that entered the late Roman Empire during the 5th century. The Goths Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths and regent of the Visigoths, was allied by marriage with the Vandals as well as with the Burgundians and the Franks under Clovis I....
. Later, when Rome was no longer able to afford protection to the inhabitants of Gaul, the Sequani became merged in the newly formed Kingdom of Burgundy

Kingdom of Burgundy

Burgundy is a region of Western Europe which has existed as a political entity in a number of forms with very different boundaries. Two of these entities have been called the Kingdom of Burgundy, and a third Kingdom of Burgundy was very nearly created....
.

1911 Britannica References

T. R. Holmes, Caesar's Conquest of Gaul (1899), p. 483.
A. Holder, Altceltischer Sprachschatz, ii. (1904).
Mommsen
Theodor Mommsen

Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen was a Germany classics, historian, jurist, journalist, politician, archaeologist, and writer generally regarded as the greatest classicist of the 19th century....
, Hist. of Rome (Eng. trans.), bk. v. ch. vii.
Dunod de Charnage, Hist. des Séquanois (1735)
J. D. Schöpflin, Alsatia illustrata, i. (1751; French trans. by L. W. Ravenèz, 1849).

Sequani

See also

1911 Britannica References