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The Senate (Senat) is the upper house of the Polish
Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
 parliament
Parliament

A parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modeled after that of the United Kingdom....
. It consists of 100 senators elected by universal ballot and is headed by the Marshal of the Senate (Marszalek Senatu).

Senate can be traced back to a council of royal advisors. In the Nobles' Democracy
Nobles' Democracy

Nobles' Democracy may refer to* History of Poland * Golden Liberty, the political system of that time in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth...
, the Senate was a Privy council
Privy council

A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a nation on how to exercise their Executive , typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchy....
 rather than an upper chamber of the Sejm
Sejm

The Sejm is the lower house of the Poland parliament.Before the 20th century, the term "Sejm" referred to the entire three-Chambers of parliament Polish parliament, comprising the lower house , the upper house and the monarch....
, and consisted of members of the royal cabinet and the royal court, together with voivods, prefects and castellans (all appointed by the king), and Catholic bishops (see Senatorial offices for details).

In the Second Polish Republic
Second Polish Republic

The Second Polish Republic, Second Commonwealth of Poland or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II....
, senators were elected by universal ballot.






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The Senate (Senat) is the upper house of the Polish
Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
 parliament
Parliament

A parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modeled after that of the United Kingdom....
. It consists of 100 senators elected by universal ballot and is headed by the Marshal of the Senate (Marszalek Senatu).

History

The Senate can be traced back to a council of royal advisors. In the Nobles' Democracy
Nobles' Democracy

Nobles' Democracy may refer to* History of Poland * Golden Liberty, the political system of that time in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth...
, the Senate was a Privy council
Privy council

A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a nation on how to exercise their Executive , typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchy....
 rather than an upper chamber of the Sejm
Sejm

The Sejm is the lower house of the Poland parliament.Before the 20th century, the term "Sejm" referred to the entire three-Chambers of parliament Polish parliament, comprising the lower house , the upper house and the monarch....
, and consisted of members of the royal cabinet and the royal court, together with voivods, prefects and castellans (all appointed by the king), and Catholic bishops (see Senatorial offices for details).

In the Second Polish Republic
Second Polish Republic

The Second Polish Republic, Second Commonwealth of Poland or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II....
, senators were elected by universal ballot. After a referendum
Polish people's referendum, 1946

The People's Referendum of 1946, also known as the "Three Times Yes" referendum, was a referendum held in Poland on 30 June 1946 on the authority of the State National Council ....
 organized in 1946 by the Communist regime, the Senate was abolished in the post-Second World War People's Republic of Poland
People's Republic of Poland

The People's Republic of Poland or Polish People's Republic was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1989 inclusively.Although the People's Republic of Poland was a sovereignty state as defined by international law, its leaders were at the very least approved by Soviet Union leaders....
. It was only re-established after the fall of communism in 1989.

The Senate of the Republic of Poland today


The term of office of a senator is four years. The Senate may reject or amend the bills passed by the Sejm but any rejection or amendment may still be overruled by an absolute majority vote in the Sejm. A joint session of the Senate and the Sejm is known as a National Assembly
National Assembly of Poland

The National Assembly is the name of both chambers of the Polish parliament, the Sejm of the Republic of Poland and the Senate of the Republic of Poland, when sitting in joint session....
. Traditionally, the Senate takes particular care of Polonia
Polonia

Polonia, the name for Poland in Latin and many other languages, refers in modern Polish language to the Polish diaspora: Polish people who live outside the country's borders....
, Polish communities outside Poland
Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
.

Senators are elected by a plurality bloc voting method (Rare internationally, often used in U.S. local elections), where several candidates with the highest support are elected from each electorate
Electorate

Electorate may refer to:* All the people entitled to vote in an election. See constituency.* An electoral district, the geographic area of a particular election....
, and each voter selects their whole preferred set. The exact number of senators from each electorate is dependent on its population and varies from two to four.

Marshals of the Senate of the Republic of Poland (after 1922)

  • Wojciech Trampczynski
    Wojciech Trampczynski

    Wojciech Trampczynski was a lawyer by profession. Voivode of the Poznan Voivodeship in 1919. He served as marshal of the Sejm of Poland from 1919-1922 and Senate of Poland from 1922 to 1928....
     November 28, 1922 - March 26, 1928
  • Julian Szymanski (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) March 27, 1928 - December 8, 1930
  • Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz
    Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz

    Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz was a Poland political figure and the first president of the Polish government in exile from 1939 until his death in 1947....
     (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) December 9, 1930 - October 3, 1935
  • Aleksander Prystor
    Aleksander Prystor

    Aleksander Prystor was a Poland politician who served as Prime Minister of Poland from 1931 to 1933.In 1908 he took part in the Bezdany raid....
     (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) October 4, 1935 - November 27, 1938
  • Boguslaw Medzinski (Camp of National Unity November 28, 1938 - November 2, 1939


  • Andrzej Stelmachowski
    Andrzej Stelmachowski

    Andrzej Stelmachowski is a Polish academic and politician. Member of Armia Krajowa resistance during Second World War. Lawyer, professor of University of Wroclaw and University of Warsaw ....
     (Citizens' Parliamentary Caucus) November 22, 1989 - 1991
  • August Chelkowski (Solidarity
    Solidarity

    Solidarity is a Poland trade union federation founded in September 1980 at the Gdansk Shipyard, and originally led by Lech Walesa.Solidarity was the first non-communist trade union in a communist country....
    ) November 26, 1991 - October 15, 1993
  • Adam Struzik (Polish Peasant Party
    Polish Peasant Party

    The Polish People's Party is a political party in Poland. The party's name traces its tradition to an agrarian political party in Austria-Hungaryn controlled Galicia , which sent MPs to the Reichsrat ....
    ) October 26, 1993 - October 19, 1997
  • Alicja Grzeskowiak (Solidarity Electoral Action
    Solidarity Electoral Action

    Solidarity Electoral Action was a political party coalition in Poland. Since 1997 its official name has been Akcja Wyborcza Solidarnosc Prawicy or Solidarity Electoral Action of the Right....
    ) October 21, 1997 - October 18, 2001
  • Longin Pastusiak
    Longin Pastusiak

    Longin Pastusiak is a Poland politician....
     (Democratic Left Alliance
    Democratic Left Alliance

    Democratic Left Alliance is a centre-left Polish social democracy political party. A coalition of left-wing parties used this name from 1991 to 1999....
    ) October 20, 2001 - October 18, 2005
  • Bogdan Borusewicz
    Bogdan Borusewicz

    Bogdan Michal Borusewicz, is the Speaker in the Senate of Poland since October 20, 2005. Borusewicz was a democratic opposition activist under the History of Poland , and a member of the Polish parliament for three terms....
     October 20, 2005 - November 4, 2007
  • Bogdan Borusewicz
    Bogdan Borusewicz

    Bogdan Michal Borusewicz, is the Speaker in the Senate of Poland since October 20, 2005. Borusewicz was a democratic opposition activist under the History of Poland , and a member of the Polish parliament for three terms....
     November 5, 2007 - Present

2007 election



Polish Senators (2001-2005 term)


  1. Jerzy Adamski
    Jerzy Adamski

    Jerzy Adamski is a boxing from Poland.He competed for Poland in the 1960 Summer Olympics held in Rome, Italy in the featherweight event where he finished in second place....
  2. Andrzej Anulewicz
  3. Franciszek Bachleda-Ksiedzularz
  4. Marek Balicki
  5. Janusz Lucjan Bargiel
  6. Tadeusz Bartos
  7. Maria Berny
  8. Adam Biela
  9. Janusz Stefan Bielawski
  10. January Bronislaw Bien
  11. Franciszek Bogdan Bobrowski
  12. Krystyna Maria Bochenek
    Krystyna Bochenek

    Krystyna Bochenek, n?e Neuman is a Poland politician, representing Platforma Obywatelska.External links ...
      (since September 2004)
  13. Krzysztof Wawrzyniec Borkowski
  14. Wladyslaw Bulka
  15. Czeslawa Christowa
  16. Andrzej Chronowski
  17. Zygmunt Alojzy Cybulski
  18. Gerard Czaja
  19. Jolanta Ryszarda Danielak
    Jolanta Danielak

    Jolanta Ryszarda Danielak is a Poland politician, a member of the Democratic Left Alliance and, previously SdRP.A graduate of the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan in psychology and Academy of Internal Affairs in Warsaw, she spend several years working as a psychologist ....
  20. Krystyna Doktorowicz
  21. Kazimierz Drozdz
  22. Bernard Drzezla
  23. Henryk Dzido
  24. Józef Dziemdziela
  25. Genowefa Maria Ferenc
  26. Witold Feliks Gladkowski
  27. Zbigniew Golabek
  28. Stanislaw Huskowski
    Stanislaw Huskowski

    Stanislaw Huskowski is a Poland politician. He was elected to Sejm on September 25, 2005 getting 12334 votes in 3 Wroclaw district, candidating from Civic Platform list....
      (since April 2004)
  29. Slawomir Izdebski
  30. Andrzej Jaeschke
  31. Zdzislawa Janowska
  32. Zdzislaw Jarmuzek
  33. Ryszard Jarzembowski
  34. Kazimierz Jaworski (since 29 September 2004)
  35. Krzysztof Jurgiel
    Krzysztof Jurgiel

    Krzysztof Jurgiel is a Poland politician. He was elected to Sejm on September 25, 2005 getting 42,920 votes in the 24th Bialystok district, running on the Law and Justice list....
      (since 22 October 2003)
  36. Dorota Maria Kempka
  37. Apolonia Klepacz
  38. Janusz Konieczny
  39. Aleksandra Koszada
  40. Marian Kozlowski
    Marian Kozlowski

    Marian Kozlowski was a Polish basketball administrator. He was a journalist, working as a Deputy Editor of the Express Wieczorny newspaper for many years....
  41. Zbigniew Kruszewski
  42. Olga Teresa Krzyzanowska
  43. Zbigniew Jerzy Kulak
  44. Anna Maria Kurska
  45. Irena Kurzepa
  46. Kazimierz Kutz
    Kazimierz Kutz

    Kazimierz Julian Kutz is a Poland film director, author, journalist and politician, one of the representatives of the Polish Film School and a deputy speaker of the Senate of Poland....
  47. Grzegorz Lato
    Grzegorz Lato

    Grzegorz Lato is a former Polish football striker, the all-time cap leader for the Poland national football team and the World Cup Golden Boot at the Football World Cup 1974....
  48. Marian Piotr Lewicki
  49. Grzegorz Marek Lipowski
  50. Teresa Liszcz
  51. Boguslaw Litwiniec
  52. Janusz Józef Lorenz
  53. Miroslaw Lubinski (since 7 May 2003)
  54. Wlodzimierz Lecki
  55. Wladyslaw Mankut
  56. Jerzy Markowski
  57. Ryszard Matusiak (since 28 July 2004)
  58. Grzegorz Jan Matuszak
  59. Boguslaw Masior
  60. Mieczyslaw Mietla
  61. Stanislaw Nicieja
  62. Grzegorz Andrzej Niski
  63. Longin Hieronim Pastusiak
    Longin Pastusiak

    Longin Pastusiak is a Poland politician....
  64. Kazimierz Pawelek
  65. Wojciech Jerzy Pawlowski
  66. Jerzy Pieniazek
  67. Krzysztof Marek Piesiewicz
    Krzysztof Piesiewicz

    Krzysztof Marek Piesiewicz is a Poland lawyer, screenwriter, and politician, who is currently a member of the Sejm and head of the Ruch Spoleczny or Social Movement Party....
  68. Wieslaw Michal Pietrzak
  69. Zbyszko Piwonski
  70. Sergiusz Plewa
  71. Bogdan Leszek Podgórski
  72. Leslaw Pawel Podkanski
  73. Jolanta Popiolek
  74. Zbigniew Religa
    Zbigniew Religa

    Zbigniew Eugeniusz Religa was a prominent cardiac surgeon and politician....
  75. Zbigniew Romaszewski
    Zbigniew Romaszewski

    Zbigniew Romaszewski is a Polish conservative politician, a Polish Senate of the Republic of Poland since 1989, and a human rights activist....
  76. Tadeusz Rzemykowski
  77. Wieslawa Regina Sadowska
  78. Janina Sagatowska
  79. Wojciech Pawel Saluga
    Wojciech Saluga

    Wojciech Saluga is a Poland politician. He was elected to Sejm on September 25, 2005 getting 10968 votes in 32 Sosnowiec district, candidating from Platforma Obywatelska list....
     (since 29 September 2004)
  80. Ewa Aleksandra Serocka
  81. Krystyna Helena Sienkiewicz
  82. Dorota Simonides
  83. Zofia Maria Skrzypek-Mrowiec (since29 September 2004)
  84. Ryszard Józef Slawinski
  85. Robert Maciej Smoktunowicz
    Robert Smoktunowicz

    Robert Smoktunowicz is a Polish politician. He represented Civic Platform in Senate from 2001 to 2007. He is the ex-husband of a popular Polish journalist, Hanna Smoktunowicz....
  86. Jerzy Kazimierz Smorawinski
  87. Andrzej Kazimierz Spychalski
  88. Henryk Tadeusz Stoklosa
  89. Alicja Stradomska
  90. Jerzy Zdzislaw Suchanski
  91. Jan Szafraniec
  92. Józef Sztorc
  93. Krzysztof Szydlowski
  94. Maria Szyszkowska
    Maria Szyszkowska

    Maria Szyszkowska is a Polish academic, writer and former Senator. Szyszkowska was a member of the Alliance of the Democratic Left and chaired that Party's Ethics Committee....
  95. Andrzej Jan Wielowieyski
  96. Edmund Kazimierz Wittbrodt
  97. Tadeusz Wnuk
  98. Zbigniew Stanislaw Zychowicz
  99. Marian Zenkiewicz


Former senators


  1. Jerzy Edmund Cieslak (died 25.04.2004 r.)
  2. Henryk Golebiewski
    Henryk Golebiewski

    Henryk Golebiewski is a Poland politician. He was elected to Sejm on September 25, 2005 getting 8454 votes in 2 Walbrzych district, candidating from Democratic Left Alliance list....
     (till 31 January 2003)
  3. Genowefa Grabowska
    Genowefa Grabowska

    Genowefa Grabowska is a Politics of Poland politician andMember of the European Parliament for the Silesian Voivodshipwith the Socjaldemokracja Polska,...
     - elected MEP on 13.06.2004
  4. Adam Graczynski (died 26.08.2004)
  5. Adam Gierek
    Adam Gierek

    Adam Gierek is a Politics of Poland politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Silesian Voivodship with the Democratic Left Alliance-Labor Union, part of the Party of European Socialists and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on Industry, Research and Energy....
     - elected MEP on 13.06.2004
  6. Adam Jamróz (till 10 July 2003)
  7. Mieczyslaw Janowski
    Mieczyslaw Janowski

    Mieczyslaw Edmund Janowskiis a Politics of Poland politician andMember of the European Parliament for the Subcarpathian Voivodshipwith the Prawo i Sprawiedliwosc,...
     - elected MEP on 13.06.2004 r.
  8. Jan Józef Lipski
    Jan Józef Lipski

    Jan J?zef Lipski was a Poland critic and literature historian, socialist politician, and notable freemasonry . As a soldier of the Home Army , he fought in the Warsaw Uprising....
     (died 10. 09. 1991)
  9. Marian Noga (till 14 January 2004 )
  10. Grazyna Ewa Staniszewska
    Grazyna Staniszewska

    Grazyna Staniszewska is a Politics of Poland politician andMember of the European Parliament for the Silesian Voivodshipwith the Unia Wolnosci,...
     - elected MEP on 13.06.2004


See also

  • Sejm
    Sejm

    The Sejm is the lower house of the Poland parliament.Before the 20th century, the term "Sejm" referred to the entire three-Chambers of parliament Polish parliament, comprising the lower house , the upper house and the monarch....
  • Politics of Poland
    Politics of Poland

    The politics of Poland take place in the framework of a parliamentary system representative democracy republic, whereby the Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland is the head of government and of a multi-party system....
  • Senate
    Senate

    A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a legislature or Parliament. There have been many such bodies in history, the first of which was the Roman Senate....


External links