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Seminole Nation of Oklahoma

 

 
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Seminole Nation of Oklahoma
 
 
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The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is one of two federally recognized Seminole
Seminole

The Seminole are a Native Americans in the United States people originally of Florida, who now reside primarily in that state and Oklahoma. The Seminole nation was formed in the 18th century and was composed of Native Americans from Georgia , Mississippi, and Alabama, most significantly the Creek people, as well as African Americans who escap...
 tribes — the other being the Seminole Tribe of Florida. Other traditional Seminole communities remain unrecognized.

Seminole people originated in Florida
Florida

Florida is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the northeast....
 and were part of the Muscogee Creek Confederacy. They are the descendants of Creek Apalache and Apalachicola, and also African-American peoples, who found refuge from European-American encroachment in the swamps of northern Florida in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

The War of 1812
War of 1812

The War of 1812, between the United States of America and the British Empire , was fought from 1812 to 1815.There were several immediate stated causes for the U.S....
 and subsequent warfare caused in great increase in immigration of Muscogeean peoples into Seminole lands.






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The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is one of two federally recognized Seminole
Seminole

The Seminole are a Native Americans in the United States people originally of Florida, who now reside primarily in that state and Oklahoma. The Seminole nation was formed in the 18th century and was composed of Native Americans from Georgia , Mississippi, and Alabama, most significantly the Creek people, as well as African Americans who escap...
 tribes — the other being the Seminole Tribe of Florida. Other traditional Seminole communities remain unrecognized.

History

The Seminole people originated in Florida
Florida

Florida is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the northeast....
 and were part of the Muscogee Creek Confederacy. They are the descendants of Creek Apalache and Apalachicola, and also African-American peoples, who found refuge from European-American encroachment in the swamps of northern Florida in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

The War of 1812
War of 1812

The War of 1812, between the United States of America and the British Empire , was fought from 1812 to 1815.There were several immediate stated causes for the U.S....
 and subsequent warfare caused in great increase in immigration of Muscogeean peoples into Seminole lands. The 1823 population of Seminoles was estimated at 5000, but three of the bloodiest wars fought by the US government decimated the Seminole population: the First Seminole War
Seminole Wars

The Seminole Wars, also known as the Florida Wars, were three conflicts in Florida between various groups of Native Americans in the United States, collectively known as Seminoles, and the United States....
 of 1817-18, the Second Seminole War
Seminole Wars

The Seminole Wars, also known as the Florida Wars, were three conflicts in Florida between various groups of Native Americans in the United States, collectively known as Seminoles, and the United States....
 of 1835-42, and the Third Seminole War
Seminole Wars

The Seminole Wars, also known as the Florida Wars, were three conflicts in Florida between various groups of Native Americans in the United States, collectively known as Seminoles, and the United States....
 of 1855-58. During this bloodshed, most of the tribe relocated to Indian Territory
Indian Territory

The Indian Territory, also known as The Indian Country, The Indian territory or the Indian territories, was land set aside within the United States for the use of Native Americans in the United States....
, following the signing of the Treaty of Payne's Landing
Treaty of Payne's Landing

The Treaty of Payne's Landing was an agreement signed on 9 May 1832 between the government of the United States and several chiefs of the Seminole Indians in the present-day state of Florida....
 in 1832. The first Seminoles arrived in Indian Territory in 1832, and by 1842, 3612 Seminoles settled in the west. The Seminoles remaining in Florida gained their own reservation in the early 20th century.

The Seminoles in Indian Territory were confined to the Muscogee Creek Reservation and forced to follow their laws. Two bands of Seminoles upset by this situation left for Mexico in 1849, led by John Horse and Wild Cat
Wild Cat (Seminole)

Wild Cat, born Coacoochee or Cowacoochee , was a leading Seminole chieftain during the later stages of the Second Seminole War as well as the nephew of Micanopy....
. Finally in 1856, the United States allowed the Seminole to govern their own reservation, in what is now Seminole County, Oklahoma
Seminole County, Oklahoma

Seminole County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 24,894 at the United States Census, 2000. Its county seat is Wewoka, Oklahoma....
.

After the tribal government was dismantled by the Curtis Act of 1898
Curtis Act of 1898

The Curtis Act of 1898 was an amendment to the Unites States Dawes Act that brought about the allotment process of lands of the Five Civilized Tribes of Oklahoma: the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek people, Cherokee, and Seminole....
 and tribal lands were broken up by the Dawes Allotment Act
Dawes Act

The Dawes Act was enacted on February 8, 1887 regarding the distribution of land to Native Americans in the United Statess in Oklahoma. Named after its sponsor, U.S....
 of 1887, the tribe was eventually able to restore its government under the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act
Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act

The Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act of 1936, also known as the Thomas-Rogers Act, is a United States federal law that extended the US Indian Reorganization Act of 1934....
 and regain jurisdiction over its land in 1935. In 1970 the tribal council reorganized to more closely follow traditional Seminole government structure.

Today

The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is headquartered in Wewoka, Oklahoma
Wewoka, Oklahoma

Wewoka is a city in Seminole County, Oklahoma, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 3,562 at the 2000 United States Census. It is the county seat of Seminole County, Oklahoma....
. Of 15,567 enrolled tribal members, 12,098 live within the state of Oklahoma. The tribe's Principal Chief is Enoch Kelly Haney, serving a four-year term. Its tribal jurisdictional area covers Seminole County, Oklahoma
Seminole County, Oklahoma

Seminole County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 24,894 at the United States Census, 2000. Its county seat is Wewoka, Oklahoma....
.

Tribal enrollment is based on direct lineal descent from an original enrollee on the Final Seminole Dawes Roll by blood.

The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma operates its own housing authority, three casinos, three tribal smoke shops, three gasoline stations, one truck stop,, an alcohol and substance abuse program, a business and corporate regulatory commission, several family services, a food distribution program, a judgment fund program, environmental protection program, and other social service programs. They also issue their own tribal vehicle tags. The tribe is establishing a Seminole Nation Language Program, to revitalize its language.

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