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Sea Monsters



 
 
Sea Monsters was a BBC television program
Television program

A television program , television programme , or television show is something that people watch on television. It may be a one-off broadcast or, more usually, part of a periodically recurring television series....
 which used computer-generated imagery
Computer-generated imagery

Computer-generated imagery is the application of the field of computer graphics or, more specifically, 3D computer graphics to special effects in films, television programs, Television commercials, simulators and simulation generally, and printed media....
 to show past life in Earth's seas. It was made by Impossible Pictures
Impossible Pictures

Impossible Pictures Ltd. is a UK-based independent TV production company founded in 2002 by Tim Haines and Jasper James, creators of Walking with Dinosaurs....
, the creators of Walking with Dinosaurs
Walking with Dinosaurs

Walking with Dinosaurs was a six-part television series produced by the BBC, narrated by Kenneth Branagh, and first aired in the UK in 1999....
, Walking With Beasts
Walking with Beasts

Walking with Beasts is a 2001 six-part television documentary film produced by the BBC in the United Kingdom, narrated by Kenneth Branagh. In North America it has been retitled Walking with Prehistoric Beasts, and the original Discovery Channel broadcast was narrated by Stockard Channing....
 and Walking With Monsters
Walking with Monsters

Walking with Monsters is a three-part British documentary film series about life in the Paleozoic, bringing to life extinct arthropods, fish, amphibians, synapsids, and reptiles....
.

In this series, British wildlife presenter Nigel Marven
Nigel Marven

Nigel Marven is a British wildlife presenter, television producer, author, and ornithologist....
 is shown travelling to seven past seas in Earth's history and scuba diving
Scuba diving

SCUBA diving is Underwater diving, or taking part in another activity, while using a scuba set. By carrying a source of breathing gas , the scuba diver is able to stay underwater longer than with the simple breath-holding techniques used in snorkeling and free-diving, and is not hindered by air lines to a remote air source....
 there, in order of dangerousness with the most dangerous last. He travels in a white sail
Sailboat

A sailboat or sailing boat is a boat propelled partly or entirely by sails. The term covers a variety of boats, larger than small vessels such as sailboards and smaller than sailing ships, but distinctions in size are not strictly defined and what constitutes a sailing ship, sailboat, or a smaller vessel varies by region and culture....
/motor
Motorboat

A motorboat is a Boat propelled by an internal combustion engine or electric motor driving a pump jet or a propeller. The International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea defines a "power driven vessel" as any vessel propelled by machinery and even a sailboat while it has an engine running is technically a power driven ves...
 boat roughly 24 m (80 ft) long named The Ancient Mariner
The Ancient Mariner

The Ancient Mariner is a fictional ketch yacht that was used in the BBC documentary film Sea Monsters. In the show, Nigel Marvin and the rest of the crew used the boat to travel to the seven deadliest seas of all time....
.






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Encyclopedia


Sea Monsters was a BBC television program
Television program

A television program , television programme , or television show is something that people watch on television. It may be a one-off broadcast or, more usually, part of a periodically recurring television series....
 which used computer-generated imagery
Computer-generated imagery

Computer-generated imagery is the application of the field of computer graphics or, more specifically, 3D computer graphics to special effects in films, television programs, Television commercials, simulators and simulation generally, and printed media....
 to show past life in Earth's seas. It was made by Impossible Pictures
Impossible Pictures

Impossible Pictures Ltd. is a UK-based independent TV production company founded in 2002 by Tim Haines and Jasper James, creators of Walking with Dinosaurs....
, the creators of Walking with Dinosaurs
Walking with Dinosaurs

Walking with Dinosaurs was a six-part television series produced by the BBC, narrated by Kenneth Branagh, and first aired in the UK in 1999....
, Walking With Beasts
Walking with Beasts

Walking with Beasts is a 2001 six-part television documentary film produced by the BBC in the United Kingdom, narrated by Kenneth Branagh. In North America it has been retitled Walking with Prehistoric Beasts, and the original Discovery Channel broadcast was narrated by Stockard Channing....
 and Walking With Monsters
Walking with Monsters

Walking with Monsters is a three-part British documentary film series about life in the Paleozoic, bringing to life extinct arthropods, fish, amphibians, synapsids, and reptiles....
.

In this series, British wildlife presenter Nigel Marven
Nigel Marven

Nigel Marven is a British wildlife presenter, television producer, author, and ornithologist....
 is shown travelling to seven past seas in Earth's history and scuba diving
Scuba diving

SCUBA diving is Underwater diving, or taking part in another activity, while using a scuba set. By carrying a source of breathing gas , the scuba diver is able to stay underwater longer than with the simple breath-holding techniques used in snorkeling and free-diving, and is not hindered by air lines to a remote air source....
 there, in order of dangerousness with the most dangerous last. He travels in a white sail
Sailboat

A sailboat or sailing boat is a boat propelled partly or entirely by sails. The term covers a variety of boats, larger than small vessels such as sailboards and smaller than sailing ships, but distinctions in size are not strictly defined and what constitutes a sailing ship, sailboat, or a smaller vessel varies by region and culture....
/motor
Motorboat

A motorboat is a Boat propelled by an internal combustion engine or electric motor driving a pump jet or a propeller. The International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea defines a "power driven vessel" as any vessel propelled by machinery and even a sailboat while it has an engine running is technically a power driven ves...
 boat roughly 24 m (80 ft) long named The Ancient Mariner
The Ancient Mariner

The Ancient Mariner is a fictional ketch yacht that was used in the BBC documentary film Sea Monsters. In the show, Nigel Marvin and the rest of the crew used the boat to travel to the seven deadliest seas of all time....
. His time-travelling device is not mentioned or shown. He uses a scuba set
Scuba set

A scuba set is an independent breathing set that provides a scuba diver with the breathing gas necessary to breathe underwater during scuba diving....
 with a fullface mask so he can talk underwater to produce the commentary. He performs some dives using a strong shark cage, which is spherical to make it harder for large sea creatures to bite it.

Episode list


Episode One


The Seventh Most Dangerous Sea
  • Name: The Ordovician
    Ordovician

    The Ordovician is a geologic period, the second of six of the Paleozoic era , and covers the time between 488.3?1.7 to 443.7?1.5 million years ago ....
  • Time: 450 million years ago
  • Location: New York
    New York

    The State of New York is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic States and Northeastern United States regions of the United States and is the nation's List of U.S....
  • Special Equipment Used: Chain mail
    Chain Mail

    "Chain Mail" is a Single by Manchester band James , released in March 1986 by Sire Records, the first after the band defected from Factory Records....
     suit, video camera
    Video camera

    File:Sonyhdrfx1.jpgA video camera is a camera used for electronic motion picture acquisition, initially developed by the television industry but now common in other applications as well....
  • Filming Location: Egypt
    Egypt

    Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....


  • Cameroceras
  • Megalograptus
    Megalograptus

    Megalograptus is a four-foot long Ordovician eurypterid , and was among the earliest known genera. It was named so because its first fossils were of its very spiny legs, which were mistaken for massive graptolites....
  • Astraspis
    Astraspis

    Astraspis is an extinct genus of primitive jawless fish from the Ordovician of Central North America. It is related to other Ordovician fishes, such as the South American Sacabambaspis, and the Australian Arandaspis....
     (identified as armor-plated fish, revealed on website)
  • Isotelus
    Isotelus

    Isotelus is a genus of Asaphida trilobite from the middle and upper Ordovician period, fairly common in the Northeastern United States, northwest Manitoba, southwestern Quebec and southeastern Ontario....
In the Ordovician, the day is only 21 hours long and there is more carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalent bond to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state....
 than in the twenty-first century, forcing Nigel to don a medical-looking backpack filled with air tanks with a special oxygen mixture.

To attract a Megalograptus, Nigel finds the corpse of a dead Astraspis washed up on the beach. Because there is no land life, there are no coastal scavengers to eat what the sea spits out.

Before long, Nigel wades into shallow water and the Astraspis attracts a large Megalograptus. The Megalograptus devours the Astraspis, before attacking Nigel's foot, cutting it badly.

Later on, Nigel attempts to go after a Cameroceras, by removing the eye of a dead Isotelus and replacing it with a small video camera. He then uses the inflatable raft to venture out into the deeper waters, where he throws the trilobite/video camera combo overboard. A Cameroceras is quickly attracted to it, and Nigel and the cameraman plunge overboard to film the elusive Cameroceras. On the dive, Nigel wears a chain mail suit, so that any marauding Megalograptus cannot harm him.

The Cameroceras is more agile in the sea than Nigel, and as Cameroceras attempts to swim away, Nigel grabs onto its shell. When the Cameroceras starts to dive down into the depths, Nigel swims away to the surface.

When Nigel pilots the boat back to shore, he finds a surprise: there are large numbers of Megalograptus mating in the shallow waters. Nigel manages to make his way safely through the Megalograptus, but a few clamber onto the inflatable boat
Inflatable boat

An inflatable boat is a lightweight boat constructed with its sides and bow made of flexible tubes containing pressurised gas. For smaller boats, the floor and hull beneath it is often flexible....
 and puncture it.

The Sixth Most Dangerous Sea
  • Name: The Triassic
    Triassic

    The Triassic is a geologic period that extends from about 251 to 199 annum . As the first period of the Mesozoic Era, the Triassic follows the Permian and is followed by the Jurassic....
  • Time: 230 million years ago
  • Location: Switzerland
    Switzerland

    Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
    .
  • Special Equipment Used: Bangstick
  • Filming Locations: New Zealand
    New Zealand

    New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
     and the Bahamas


  • Cymbospondylus
    Cymbospondylus

    Cymbospondylus was a basal early ichthyosaur that lived in the middle of the Triassic period . It was one of the largest ichthyosaurs, and fossils range from 6 m up to 10 m long....
  • Nothosaurus
    Nothosaurus

    Nothosaurus is an extinct genus of sauropterygian reptile from the Triassic period, approximately 240-210 million years ago, with fossils being distributed from North Africa and Europe to China....
  • Tanystropheus
    Tanystropheus

    Tanystropheus , was a 6 metre long reptile that dated from the Middle Triassic period. It is recognizable by its extremely elongated neck, which measured 3 meters long, longer than its body and tail combined....
  • Coelurosaurus
  • Peteinosaurus
    Peteinosaurus

    Peteinosaurus was a prehistoric reptile genus belonging to the Pterosauria. It existed in the late Triassic period in the middle Norian . The species name, zambellii, honours Rocco Zambelli, the curator of the Bergamo natural history museum....


As Nigel walks along the tropical coastlines of Triassic Switzerland
Switzerland

Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
, he explains that the reptiles are taking over the surface of the earth from the skies (e.g. Peteinosaurus), to the land (e.g. Coelophysis). But of course, he is here to see the earliest sea reptiles.

From the deck of the Ancient Mariner, Nigel and crew watch as a Nothosaurus comes up for air. When he sees one, Nigel dives into the seas, pursuing the elusive sea reptile.

Before long, Nigel finds a pair of Nothosaurus. The Nothosaurus circle him, and Nigel has his prod ready to put off any Nothosaurus that comes too close. One of the Nothosaurus prepares to move in closer, and Nigel prods it with the electric prod. The Nothosaurus move off, and Nigel discovers another bizarre sea reptile: a Tanystropheus.

Nigel follows the Tanystropheus, and attempts to get a closer look at it by grabbing onto its tail, impeding its movement. However, the Tanystropheus loses its tail, similar to the modern day leopard gecko
Leopard gecko

The Leopard gecko is a nocturnal ground-dwelling gecko found in the deserts of Pakistan, northern India, Afghanistan, and parts of Iran. Unlike most geckos, it possesses eyelids....
. Nigel can hold onto the tail only with difficulty, because it is thrashing around (intended as a predator deterrent). Suddenly the tail is snatched up and then eaten by a Cymbospondylus.

The Cymbospondylus begins to circle Nigel with glee, and he explains that its slow movement is designed to deceive prey, and it can move very quickly when it is needed to. After he pokes it with the prod, the Cymbospondylus swims away, and Nigel returns to the relative safety of the Mariner.

The Fifth Most Dangerous Sea
  • Name: The Devonian
    Devonian

    The Devonian is a geologic period of the Paleozoic era spanning from . It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied....
  • Time: 360 million years ago
  • Location: Ohio
    Ohio

    Ohio is a Midwestern United States U.S. state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region , Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads in North America....
  • Special Equipment Used: Shark cage (round)
  • Filming Location: New Zealand
    New Zealand

    New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....


  • Dunkleosteus
    Dunkleosteus

    Dunkleosteus is a prehistoric fish, one of the largest arthrodire placoderms ever to have lived. This carnivorous predator lived during the Late Devonian period, about 380-360 million years ago....
  • Stethacanthus
    Stethacanthus

    Stethacanthus is an extinct genus of shark which lived in the Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous epochs, around 360 million years ago. The creature was almost one metre long....
  • Bothriolepis
    Bothriolepis

    Bothriolepis was the most successful genus of antiarch placoderms, if not the most successful genus of any placoderm, with over 100 species found on every continent....


On a preliminary dive, another crew member of the Mariner (Mike) films a huge female Dunkleosteus
Dunkleosteus

Dunkleosteus is a prehistoric fish, one of the largest arthrodire placoderms ever to have lived. This carnivorous predator lived during the Late Devonian period, about 380-360 million years ago....
, swimming around the shallow reefs near the Ancient Mariner. The crew springs into action, and Nigel goes fishing for Bothriolepis. Nigel places a bet with one of the other crew members that the Dunkleosteus
Dunkleosteus

Dunkleosteus is a prehistoric fish, one of the largest arthrodire placoderms ever to have lived. This carnivorous predator lived during the Late Devonian period, about 380-360 million years ago....
 will be able to slice through the Bothriolepis wrapped in the chain mail suit he used in the Ordovician
Ordovician

The Ordovician is a geologic period, the second of six of the Paleozoic era , and covers the time between 488.3?1.7 to 443.7?1.5 million years ago ....
. When the round shark cage is fully assembled, Nigel descends into it. The smell of the dead Bothriolepis begins to attract a young Stethacanthus
Stethacanthus

Stethacanthus is an extinct genus of shark which lived in the Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous epochs, around 360 million years ago. The creature was almost one metre long....
. Eventually, the monstrous Dunkleosteus
Dunkleosteus

Dunkleosteus is a prehistoric fish, one of the largest arthrodire placoderms ever to have lived. This carnivorous predator lived during the Late Devonian period, about 380-360 million years ago....
 is sighted, and the enraged fish repeatedly bashes the cage with her thick head, and looks as though she is about to rip a hole in the cage...

Episode Two: Into the Jaws of Death

However, the enraged fish only slightly dents the cage.

Eventually, Nigel throws the Bothriolepis out of the cage, and the Dunkleosteus
Dunkleosteus

Dunkleosteus is a prehistoric fish, one of the largest arthrodire placoderms ever to have lived. This carnivorous predator lived during the Late Devonian period, about 380-360 million years ago....
 slices through the chainmail and the Bothriolepis. Spying a male Dunkleosteus, the female turns cannibal and kills him. She then regurgitates the indigestible parts of her meal (the armour plating and the chainmail).

As Nigel departs for the surface, he explains that the placoderms as a whole have a grim future ahead of them. In another twenty million years, the entire Class
Class (biology)

A class is the taxonomic rank in the biological classification of organisms in biology below phylum and above Order .The orders of taxonomy are life, Domain , kingdom , phylum, class , order , family , genus, and species....
 of Placoderms will disappear, much to the other Devonian fish's relief.

The Fourth Most Dangerous Sea
  • Name: The Eocene
    Eocene

    The Eocene Geologic time scale is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Palaeogene period in the Cenozoic era....
  • Time: 36 million years ago
  • Location: Giza
    Giza

    in the 2006 national census, while the governate had 6,272,571 at the same census. Its large population makes it the 2nd largest suburb in the world, tied with Incheon, Korea and Quezon City, Philippines, second only to Yokohama, Japan....
  • Special Equipment Used: Undersea recording device
  • Filming Locations: Egypt
    Egypt

    Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....


  • Basilosaurus
    Basilosaurus

    Basilosaurus is a genus of cetacean that lived from 40 to 34 million years ago in the Eocene. Its fossilized remains were first discovered in the southern United States , and were initially believed to be some sort of reptilian sea monster, hence the suffix -"saurus", but later it was found that wasn't the case....
  • Dorudon
    Dorudon

    Dorudon was a genus of ancient cetacean that lived alongside Basilosaurus 41 to 33 million years ago, in the Eocene. They were about five metres long and were most likely carnivore, feeding on small fish and mollusks....
  • Arsinoitherium
    Arsinoitherium

    Arsinoitherium is an extinct genus of Paenungulata mammal related to elephants, and hyraxes . These species are rhinoceros-like herbivores that lived during the late Eocene and the early Oligocene, from 36 to 30 million years ago in areas of tropics rainforest, and at the margin of swamps....


While walking in the mangrove swamps of Giza, Nigel comes across some mysterious footprints and a mound of fresh dung. Following the footprints, Nigel comes across an Arsinotherium migrating overland. Nigel takes a calculated risk and offers the huge fruit-eater an apple
APPLE

This article is about the satellite APPLE. For the fruit apple, see Apple. For other uses see Apple .The Ariane Passenger PayLoad Experiment , was an experimental communication satellite with a C-Band transponder launched by Indian Space Research Organisation satellite on June 19, 1981 by Ariane 1, a launch vehicle of the European Spac...
, but apparently this upsets the Arsinotherium and it charges at Nigel. Only by making a break into the thicker forests does Nigel escape from the mammal. Nigel watches from the forest as the Arsinotherium plunges into the water, and follows it. In the water, Nigel watches as a trio of Dorudon pass by, but there is no sign of the Basilosaurus.

The Ancient Mariner sails offshore, where the crew try a tactic to attract whales that has been used with mixed success: record a Basilosaurus call and play it back via a huge speaker that is lowered from the boat. After playing it for a while, an enraged Basilosaurus rams into the boat before diving again. Wasting no time, Nigel suits up and dives. However, the whale could attack from any direction, so Nigel stays close to the hull of the Mariner, using the boat like a shield to ward off the Basilosaurus. The Basilosaurus is evidently distressed by the calls, and attacks and disables the speaker (which is explained as a territorial response).

As the Ancient Mariner sails off forward through time, Nigel explains that the tropical Eocene is a world on the brink of great climatic change. As the Oligocene dawns, Basilosaurus, Arsinotherium, and Dorudon will all vanish, victims of the climatic shifts that ended the Eocene
Eocene

The Eocene Geologic time scale is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Palaeogene period in the Cenozoic era....
, changing the warm sea into a cold ocean.

The Third Most Dangerous Sea
  • Name: The Pliocene
    Pliocene

    The Pliocene epoch is the period in the geologic timescale that extends from 5.332 million to 1.806 million years before present.The Pliocene is the second epoch of the Neogene period in the Cenozoic era....
  • Time: 4 million years ago
  • Location: Peru
    Peru

    Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
  • Special Equipment Used: Shark cage, "shark camera"
  • Filming Locations: Egypt
    Egypt

    Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
    , New Zealand
    New Zealand

    New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
     and the Bahamas


  • Megalodon
    Megalodon

    The 'megalodon' , Carcharodon megalodon or Carcharocles megalodon , was a giant shark that lived in prehistoric times. The oldest remains of this species found are about 18 million years old and C....
  • Odobenocetops
    Odobenocetops

    Odobenocetops was a small whale from the Pliocene. It had two tusks, and, in some fossils, one tusk was longer than the other. Odobenocetops was probably the prey of Megalodon....


After several minutes of heated debate, the crew of the Mariner come to an agreement. Before diving in offshore waters with the adult Megalodon
Megalodon

The 'megalodon' , Carcharodon megalodon or Carcharocles megalodon , was a giant shark that lived in prehistoric times. The oldest remains of this species found are about 18 million years old and C....
, Nigel will dive in the coastal waters, with the juveniles.

Before very long, Nigel finds a small whale (an Odobenocetops
Odobenocetops

Odobenocetops was a small whale from the Pliocene. It had two tusks, and, in some fossils, one tusk was longer than the other. Odobenocetops was probably the prey of Megalodon....
) foraging for oysters in the mud, and it is being hunted by a teenage Megalodon
Megalodon

The 'megalodon' , Carcharodon megalodon or Carcharocles megalodon , was a giant shark that lived in prehistoric times. The oldest remains of this species found are about 18 million years old and C....
 shark. Only by taking cover in the thick underwater foliage does Nigel manage to escape the huge shark.

On the next dive (with the adults), Nigel uses the round shark cage that he previously used in the Devonian
Devonian

The Devonian is a geologic period of the Paleozoic era spanning from . It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied....
 era against Dunkleosteus
Dunkleosteus

Dunkleosteus is a prehistoric fish, one of the largest arthrodire placoderms ever to have lived. This carnivorous predator lived during the Late Devonian period, about 380-360 million years ago....
. This time, Nigel hopes to fire a small video camera into the dorsal fin
Dorsal fin

A wikt:dorsal fin is a fin located on the backs of some fish, whales, dolphins, and porpoises, as well as the ichthyosaurs. Its main purpose is to stabilize the animal against rolling and assist in sudden turns....
 of the shark from the relative safety of the cage.

However, Nigel panics, and never fires the camera. Later, he tries again, this time from the surface of the Mariner. The shark is drawn to the boat via liberal amounts of chum
Chum

Chum or CHUM may refer to:*Chum salmon, a kind of salmon , native to the northern Pacific and adjacent waterways* Chum , a nomadic tent, of the Yamal-Nenets reindeer herders in Western Siberia...
. The shark grabs the chum but Nigel is nowhere to be seen.

Episode Three: To Hell, And Back?


Nigel has been knocked off the boat by the shark and swims back, he managed to land a hit with the shark-camera. In a few days, they find the camera floating in the sea, and when they load it into the on-board television, they watch the Megalodon in question attack a whale the same size as it.

When the crew of the Ancient Mariner head backwards in time, Nigel says that as the Ice Age
Ice age

The general term "ice age" or, more precisely, "glacial age" denotes a geological period of long-term reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in an expansion of continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers....
 begins, the whales that Megalodon
Megalodon

The 'megalodon' , Carcharodon megalodon or Carcharocles megalodon , was a giant shark that lived in prehistoric times. The oldest remains of this species found are about 18 million years old and C....
 preyed on migrated to colder waters, where Megalodon could not follow. Megalodon is doomed to extinction, by hunger.

The Second Most Dangerous Sea
  • Name: The Jurassic
    Jurassic

    The Jurassic is a geologic period that extends from about annum to  Ma, that is, from the end of the Triassic to the beginning of the Cretaceous....
  • Time: 155 million years ago
  • Location: England
    England

    native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
  • Special Equipment Used: Smell suit, water scooter, undersea radar
    Radar

    Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic radiation waves to identify the range, altitude, direction, or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain....
  • Filming Location: The Bahamas


  • Liopleurodon
    Liopleurodon

    'Liopleurodon' is a genus of large, Carnivore marine reptile belonging to the Pliosauroidea, a clade of short-necked plesiosaurs. Two species of Liopleurodon lived during the Callovian stage of the Middle Jurassic Period , while the third, L....
  • Metriorhynchus
    Metriorhynchus

    Metriorhynchus is an extinct genus of marine crocodyliformes that lived in the oceans during the Middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic. Metriorhynchus was named by the Germans palaeontologist Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer in 1830....
  • Leedsichthys
    Leedsichthys

    Leedsichthys problematicus was a giant pachycormid that lived in the oceans of the Middle Jurassic period. The closest living relative of the pachycormids is the bowfin, Amia calva, but this is only very distantly related....
  • Hybodus
    Hybodus

    Hybodus is an extinct genus of once-common, widespread and long lived sharks, first appearing towards the end of the Permian period, and disappearing at the beginning of the Cretaceous ....


Set around England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
, which was then largely underwater. This is the second most dangerous sea. Hazards include Liopleurodon
Liopleurodon

'Liopleurodon' is a genus of large, Carnivore marine reptile belonging to the Pliosauroidea, a clade of short-necked plesiosaurs. Two species of Liopleurodon lived during the Callovian stage of the Middle Jurassic Period , while the third, L....
, the largest carnivorous animal of all time. Nigel spies a school of migrating Leedsichthys
Leedsichthys

Leedsichthys problematicus was a giant pachycormid that lived in the oceans of the Middle Jurassic period. The closest living relative of the pachycormids is the bowfin, Amia calva, but this is only very distantly related....
. One weaker one is lagging behind the school, and a native Metriorhynchus
Metriorhynchus

Metriorhynchus is an extinct genus of marine crocodyliformes that lived in the oceans during the Middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic. Metriorhynchus was named by the Germans palaeontologist Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer in 1830....
 and a foreign Hybodus
Hybodus

Hybodus is an extinct genus of once-common, widespread and long lived sharks, first appearing towards the end of the Permian period, and disappearing at the beginning of the Cretaceous ....
 shark launch a joint attack. Using radar
Radar

Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic radiation waves to identify the range, altitude, direction, or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain....
, Nigel discovers that a huge Liopleurodon
Liopleurodon

'Liopleurodon' is a genus of large, Carnivore marine reptile belonging to the Pliosauroidea, a clade of short-necked plesiosaurs. Two species of Liopleurodon lived during the Callovian stage of the Middle Jurassic Period , while the third, L....
 is heading toward the dying individual.

Nigel equips his and the cameraman's diving suit with a chemical system that will spray a cloud of deterrent at the huge pliosaur should they get too close. The crew use huge waterproof lights when they descend to the corpse of the Leedsichthys
Leedsichthys

Leedsichthys problematicus was a giant pachycormid that lived in the oceans of the Middle Jurassic period. The closest living relative of the pachycormids is the bowfin, Amia calva, but this is only very distantly related....
, because it is night. A pair of Liopleurodon
Liopleurodon

'Liopleurodon' is a genus of large, Carnivore marine reptile belonging to the Pliosauroidea, a clade of short-necked plesiosaurs. Two species of Liopleurodon lived during the Callovian stage of the Middle Jurassic Period , while the third, L....
 are feasting on the carcass, and Nigel starts to move closer toward them. When one turns its head towards him, Nigel panics and ejects the chemical, which works on the huge predator.

The Most Dangerous Sea of All Time
  • Name: The Cretaceous
    Cretaceous

    The Cretaceous , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide, is a geologic period from circa to million years ago . In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows on the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period....
  • Time: 65 million years ago
  • Location: Kansas
    Kansas

    The State of Kansas is a Midwestern U.S. state in the Central United States of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the United States "Heartland"....
  • Special Equipment Used: ROV
    Rov

    Rov is a Talmudic concept which means the majority.It is based on the passage in Exodus 23;2: "after the majority to wrest" , which in Rabbinic interpretation means, that you shall accept things as the majority....
    , radar
    Radar

    Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic radiation waves to identify the range, altitude, direction, or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain....
  • Filming Location: New Zealand
    New Zealand

    New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
  • Tylosaurus
    Tylosaurus

    Tylosaurus was a mosasaur, a large, predatory marine lizard closely related to modern monitor lizards and to snakes. Along with plesiosaurs, sharks, fish, and other Genus of mosasurs, it was a dominant predator of the Western Interior Seaway during the Late Cretaceous....
  • Hesperornis
    Hesperornis

    Hesperornis is an extinct genus of flightless aquatic birds that lived during the Santonian to Campanian sub-epochs of the Late Cretaceous ....
  • Halisaurus
    Halisaurus

    Halisaurus is an extinct genus of marine lizard belonging to the mosasaur family. With a length of 3-4 m it was small compared to most other mosasaurs....
  • Elasmosaurus
    Elasmosaurus

    Elasmosaurus Greek language e?as???/elasmos = thin plate + sa????/sauros = lizard) is a genus of plesiosaur with an extremely long neck that lived in the Late Cretaceous....
  • Archelon
    Archelon

    Archelon is a genus of extinct sea turtle, the largest that has ever been documented. The first specimen of Archelon was collected from the Pierre Shale of South Dakota by Dr....
  • Xiphactinus
    Xiphactinus

    Xiphactinus was a large, 4.5 to 5 m long predatory Teleost that lived in the Western Interior Sea, over what is now the middle of North America, during the Late Cretaceous....
  • Pteranodon
    Pteranodon

    Pteranodon , from the Late Cretaceous of North America , was one of the largest pterosaur genera, with a wingspan of up to ....
  • Tyrannosaurus
    Tyrannosaurus

    Tyrannosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur. The famous species Tyrannosaurus rex , commonly abbreviated to T. rex, is a fixture in popular culture around the world....
  • Squalicorax
    Squalicorax

    Squalicorax is a genus of extinct Lamniformes shark known to have lived during the Cretaceous period. A fully articulated 1.9 m long fossil skeleton of Squalicorax has been found in Kansas, evidence of its presence in the Western Interior Seaway....


After viewing a colony of Hesperornis on the coastline, Nigel and another member of the Mariner pause for a second to view a huge underwater bloodbath.As far as Nigel (using a periscope
Periscope

A periscope is an instrument for observation from a concealed position. In its simplest form it is a tube in each end of which are mirrors set parallel to each other and at an angle of 45 with a line between them....
) can figure out, an elderly Hesperornis was killed, and the resulting carnage has attracted many sea animals, such as Squalicorax,Xiphactinus and Halisaurus. Nigel explains that this sea is far too dangerous to go diving in; huge carnivores like Xiphactinus and Tylosaurus are far too dangerous. Instead, the crew of the Ancient Mariner have rigged an ROV
Rov

Rov is a Talmudic concept which means the majority.It is based on the passage in Exodus 23;2: "after the majority to wrest" , which in Rabbinic interpretation means, that you shall accept things as the majority....
 to dive for them, while they watch from the safety of the boat. Sending it down, the crew finds a small pod of Elasmosaurus riding their wake like 21st century dolphin
Dolphin

File:Bottlenose_Dolphin_KSC04pd0178.jpgDolphins are marine mammals that are closely related to whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in seventeen genus....
s.

In the morning, after managing to domesticate a Pteranodon, Nigel discovers that they have hit a dead Archelon, which was mauled by some other predator before being hit by the boat. Having done the same thing with present-day leatherback turtles, Nigel forgoes his personal safety to track down an Archelon and ride it. He and the cameraman ride off in the small inflatable raft that they had used previously in the Ordovician
Ordovician

The Ordovician is a geologic period, the second of six of the Paleozoic era , and covers the time between 488.3?1.7 to 443.7?1.5 million years ago ....
.

Before long, Nigel finds his quarry, and dives, grabbing onto the huge turtle's shell before noticing the imminent danger: a Xiphactinus circling the Archelon. Nigel quickly makes his escape back up to the raft, but disaster strikes. A family pod of Tylosaurus attack the raft, completely overturning it, plunging the crew into the sea. Fortunately for Nigel, the Tylosaurus seem more interested in the boat than the humans, and they quickly escape back to the Mariner.

During the credits, the radar onboard picks up a colossal mob of adult Tylosaurus moving in from all sides, preparing to attack the ship...