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Scopolia
 
 
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Scopolia is a genus of five species of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s in the family Solanaceae
Solanaceae

The Solanaceae is a family of flowering plants, that contains a number of important agricultural plants as well as many toxic plants. The name of the family comes from the Latin Solanum "the nightshade plant", but the further etymology of that word is unclear....
, native to Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
 and Asia
Asia

Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area and, with over 4 billion people, it contains more than 60% of the world's current human population....
. The genus is named after Giovanni Scopoli
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli

Giovanni Antonio Scopoli was a Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentinoean physician and natural history....
 (1723-88), a Tyrol
Tyrol

Tyrol is a region in Western Central Europe, which included the present day States of Austria of Tyrol , the Regions of Italy Trentino-Alto Adige/S?dtirol and three Comunes of the Veneto Regions of Italy ....
ian naturalist
Natural history

Natural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards the observational than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research that is published in magazines than in academic journals....
.

Scopolia carniolica is a creeping perennial plant
Perennial plant

A perennial plant or perennial is a plant that lives for more than two years. When used by gardeners or horticulturalists, this term applies specifically to perennial herbaceous plants....
, with light green leaves and pale yellow to dull red flowers. It is sometimes cultivated as a decorative plant. Scopolia's extract (which contains a form of the alkaloid scopolamine
Scopolamine

Scopolamine, known by the names levo-duboisine and hyoscine, is a tropane alkaloid Medication with muscarinic antagonist effects. It is obtained from plants of the family Solanaceae , such as henbane, jimson weed and Angel's Trumpets , and corkwood ....
) is used in at least one commercial stomach remedy (Inosea
Inosea

Inosea is a tablet-form stomach remedy manufactured by Sato Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd. The active ingredients are : Scopolia Extract, Atractylodes Lancea Dried Extract, Diasmen SS, and Lipase AP6....
, produced by Sato Pharmaceutical).






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Encyclopedia


Scopolia is a genus of five species of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s in the family Solanaceae
Solanaceae

The Solanaceae is a family of flowering plants, that contains a number of important agricultural plants as well as many toxic plants. The name of the family comes from the Latin Solanum "the nightshade plant", but the further etymology of that word is unclear....
, native to Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
 and Asia
Asia

Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area and, with over 4 billion people, it contains more than 60% of the world's current human population....
. The genus is named after Giovanni Scopoli
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli

Giovanni Antonio Scopoli was a Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentinoean physician and natural history....
 (1723-88), a Tyrol
Tyrol

Tyrol is a region in Western Central Europe, which included the present day States of Austria of Tyrol , the Regions of Italy Trentino-Alto Adige/S?dtirol and three Comunes of the Veneto Regions of Italy ....
ian naturalist
Natural history

Natural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards the observational than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research that is published in magazines than in academic journals....
.

Scopolia carniolica is a creeping perennial plant
Perennial plant

A perennial plant or perennial is a plant that lives for more than two years. When used by gardeners or horticulturalists, this term applies specifically to perennial herbaceous plants....
, with light green leaves and pale yellow to dull red flowers. It is sometimes cultivated as a decorative plant. Scopolia's extract (which contains a form of the alkaloid scopolamine
Scopolamine

Scopolamine, known by the names levo-duboisine and hyoscine, is a tropane alkaloid Medication with muscarinic antagonist effects. It is obtained from plants of the family Solanaceae , such as henbane, jimson weed and Angel's Trumpets , and corkwood ....
) is used in at least one commercial stomach remedy (Inosea
Inosea

Inosea is a tablet-form stomach remedy manufactured by Sato Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd. The active ingredients are : Scopolia Extract, Atractylodes Lancea Dried Extract, Diasmen SS, and Lipase AP6....
, produced by Sato Pharmaceutical). The extract is an anti-spasmodic in low doses and may be used to relax smooth muscle tissue or prevent motion-sickness induced nausea; in higher doses it is a poisonous narcotic having hallucinogenic and memory-inhibiting effects.

Other alkaloids found in Scopolia carniolica include cuscohygrine and hysocyamine.

Alkaloids found in Scopolia tangutica include hysocyamine, scopolamine, anisodamine, and anisodine.

Alkaloids found in Scopolia atropoides (possibly just a synonym for Scopolia carniolica) include atroscine.

The coumarin phenylpropanoid
Phenylpropanoid

Phenylpropanoids are a class of plant-derived organic compounds that are biosynthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine. They have a wide variety of functions, including defense against Herbivory, microbial attack, or other sources of injury; as structural components of cell walls; as protection from ultraviolet light; as pigments; and as...
s umbelliferone
Umbelliferone

Umbelliferone or 7-hydroxycoumarin is a widespread natural product of the coumarin family. It occurs in many familiar plants from the Apiaceae family such as carrot, coriander and garden angelica, as well plants from other families such as the mouse-ear hawkweed....
 and scopoletin have been isolated from the roots of Scopolia japonica.

The related species Atropanthe sinensis is sometimes included in Scopolia as Scopolia sinensis.